Analyzing a .NET executable or DLL without .NET installed

• Download Haephrati-Net-Analyze-src.zip - 28.17 KB
• Download demo - 32 KB

Introduction

This article describes how to add to a Win32 API, C++ application, the ability to browse for executables (.exe) files, and to determine whether they are .NET ones, and if so, to analyze their classes and display a list of them, without having .NET installed on the machine running it.

Background 

.NET executables can be easily analyzed, and each class can be enumerated. However, some users prefer not to install the .NET Framework because they don't need it or because it is quite heavy. There seems to be a need to allow applications that are not .NET based, to analyze .NET executables.

The Application

The application works very simple. You run it.

You select an executable.

If it is a .NET executable, you will be able to see a tree view of all the classes within this file.

If it is not a .NET executable, the following message will popup:

Using the code

GetDotNetClassName is used after opening the executable binary file:

CPEParser objPEParser;
list<string> lString= objPEParser.GetDotNetClassName(ofn.lpstrFile);

Please note that if the list has 0 items, we can determine that the executable is not a .NET one, but Win32.

Here is the GetDotNetClassName function:

list<string> CPEParser::GetDotNetClassName(string filePathName)
{
    list<string> lString;
    HANDLE hFile = CreateFile(filePathName.c_str(),
                              GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL, 
                              OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);

    HANDLE hMapFile = CreateFileMapping(hFile, NULL, PAGE_READONLY, 0, 0, "NetExe");
    SYSTEM_INFO systemInfo;
    GetSystemInfo(&systemInfo);
    
    char *pFileBase = (char *)MapViewOfFile(hMapFile, FILE_MAP_READ, 0, 0, 0);
    IMAGE_DOS_HEADER *pImageDosHeader = reinterpret_cast<IMAGE_DOS_HEADER *>(pFileBase);
    IMAGE_NT_HEADERS *pImageNTHeader  = 
      reinterpret_cast<IMAGE_NT_HEADERS *>(pFileBase + pImageDosHeader->e_lfanew);
    IMAGE_FILE_HEADER *pImageFileHeader = 
      reinterpret_cast<IMAGE_FILE_HEADER *>(&pImageNTHeader->FileHeader);
    IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER *pImageOpHeader = 
      reinterpret_cast<IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER *>(&pImageNTHeader->OptionalHeader);

    IMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY *entry = 
      &pImageOpHeader->DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_COM_DESCRIPTOR];
    if(entry->Size == 0 || entry->Size < sizeof(IMAGE_COR20_HEADER) || 
       entry->VirtualAddress == 0)
    {
        return lString;
    }

    IMAGE_COR20_HEADER *pClrHeader = reinterpret_cast<IMAGE_COR20_HEADER *>(
                ImageRvaToVa(pImageNTHeader, pFileBase, entry->VirtualAddress, 0));
    char *pMetaDataAddress = reinterpret_cast<char *>(ImageRvaToVa(
          pImageNTHeader, pFileBase, pClrHeader->MetaData.VirtualAddress, 0));
    int mdSignature       = *(reinterpret_cast<int *>(pMetaDataAddress));
    short majorVersion    = *(reinterpret_cast<short *>(pMetaDataAddress + 4));
    short minorVersion    = *(reinterpret_cast<short *>(pMetaDataAddress + 6));
    int reserved          = *(reinterpret_cast<int *>(pMetaDataAddress + 8));
    int length            = *(reinterpret_cast<int *>(pMetaDataAddress + 12));
    
    string version;

    for(int i = 16; i < (length + 16); i++)
    {
        version.append(1, *(reinterpret_cast<char *>(pMetaDataAddress + i)));
    }
    
    int reserved2     = *(reinterpret_cast<short *>(pMetaDataAddress + 16 + length));
    int streams       = *(reinterpret_cast<short *>(pMetaDataAddress + 18 + length));
    int i16Length     = 20 + length;
    list<StreamHeader>   lStreamHeader;

    GetStreamHeaders(pMetaDataAddress, i16Length, lStreamHeader, streams);

    //read meta data table
    char *pMetaDataTable = pMetaDataAddress + GetMetaData(lStreamHeader, "#~")->offset;
    int reserved3         = *(reinterpret_cast<int *>(pMetaDataTable));
    char majorVersion1   = *(pMetaDataTable + 4);
    char minorVersion1   = *(pMetaDataTable + 5);
    char HeapOffSetSize  = *(pMetaDataTable + 6);
    char reserved4  = *(pMetaDataTable + 7);
    int valid1      = *(reinterpret_cast<int *>(pMetaDataTable + 8));
    int valid2      = *(reinterpret_cast<int *>(pMetaDataTable + 12));
    int sort1       = *(reinterpret_cast<int *>(pMetaDataTable + 16));
    int sort2       = *(reinterpret_cast<int *>(pMetaDataTable + 20));

    int MetadataTable[64];
    i16Length       = 24;
    
    for(int i = 0; i < 32 ; i++)
    {
        if((valid1 >> i) & 1)
        {
            MetadataTable[i] = *(reinterpret_cast<int *>(pMetaDataTable + i16Length));
            i16Length += 4;
        }
        else
        {
            MetadataTable[i] = 0;
        }
    }

    for(int i = 0; i < 32 ; i++)
    {
        if((valid2 >> i) & 1)
        {
            MetadataTable[i + 32] = *(reinterpret_cast<int *>(pMetaDataTable + i16Length));
            i16Length += 4;
        }
        else
        {
            MetadataTable[i + 32] = 0;
        }
    }

    //read Module Table
    if(MetadataTable[0] != 0)
    {
        int rowSize = 2 + ((HeapOffSetSize & 0x01) ? 4: 2) + 3 * ((HeapOffSetSize & 0x02)? 4 : 2);
        //byte to skip
        i16Length   += rowSize * MetadataTable[0]; 
    }

    //read Typeref Table
    if(MetadataTable[1] != 0)
    {
        int MaxRow = MetadataTable[0] + MetadataTable[26] + MetadataTable[35] + MetadataTable[01];
        int rowSize = ((MaxRow < 65536)? 2 : 4) + 2 * ((HeapOffSetSize & 0x01) ? 4: 2);
        i16Length  += rowSize * MetadataTable[1];
    }
    
    list<TypeDef> lTypeDef;
    //read typedef table
    if(MetadataTable[2] != 0)
    {
        int flagSize = 4;
        int szTypeName = ((HeapOffSetSize & 0x01) ? 4: 2);
        int MaxRow    = MetadataTable[2] + MetadataTable[1] + MetadataTable[27];
        int szExtend  = (MaxRow < 65536)? 2 : 4;
        int szField   =  (MetadataTable[4] < 65536)? 2 : 4;
        int szMethod  = (MetadataTable[6] < 65536)? 2 : 4;
        
        TypeDef sTypeDef;

        for(int i = 0; i < MetadataTable[2]; i++)
        {
            sTypeDef.iFlag = *(reinterpret_cast<int *>(pMetaDataTable + i16Length));
            i16Length     += flagSize;

            if(szTypeName == 2)
                sTypeDef.iTypeName = *(reinterpret_cast<short *>(pMetaDataTable + i16Length));
            else
                sTypeDef.iTypeName = *(reinterpret_cast<int *>(pMetaDataTable + i16Length));
    
            i16Length       += szTypeName;
            
            if(szTypeName == 2)
                sTypeDef.iTypeNameSpace = *(reinterpret_cast<short *>(pMetaDataTable + i16Length));
            else
                sTypeDef.iTypeNameSpace = *(reinterpret_cast<int *>(pMetaDataTable + i16Length));
    
            i16Length       += szTypeName;
            
            if(szExtend == 2)
                sTypeDef.iExtends = *(reinterpret_cast<short *>(pMetaDataTable + i16Length));
            else
                sTypeDef.iExtends = *(reinterpret_cast<int *>(pMetaDataTable + i16Length));
        
            i16Length       += szExtend;
            
            if(szField == 2)
                sTypeDef.iFieldList = *(reinterpret_cast<short *>(pMetaDataTable + i16Length));
            else
                sTypeDef.iFieldList = *(reinterpret_cast<int *>(pMetaDataTable + i16Length));
    
            i16Length       += szField;
            
            if(szMethod == 2)
                sTypeDef.iMethodList = *(reinterpret_cast<short *>(pMetaDataTable + i16Length));
            else
                sTypeDef.iMethodList = *(reinterpret_cast<int *>(pMetaDataTable + i16Length));
        
            i16Length+= szMethod;

            lTypeDef.push_back(sTypeDef);
        }
    }

    //now read the strings
    char *pstrStart = pMetaDataAddress + GetMetaData(lStreamHeader, "#Strings")->offset;

    for(list<TypeDef>::iterator iteType = lTypeDef.begin();
        iteType != lTypeDef.end(); iteType++)
    {
        lString.push_back(ReadString(pstrStart + (*iteType).iTypeName));
    }

    UnmapViewOfFile(pFileBase);
    CloseHandle(hMapFile);
    CloseHandle(hFile);

    return lString;
} 

The Download Haephrati-Net-Alanyze.zip source code which accompanies this article demonstrates the exact way to implement that, and the executable is included as well.

 Michael Haephrati , CodeProject MVP 2013