Wake the PC from standby or hibernation

Download source code and binary - 17.3 KB

Introduction

Sometimes, it might be useful to automatically turn on the PC at a certain time. To do this, we use a little trick: usually, a computer is not capable of igniting itself but is able to recover from standby or hibernation (if the hardware is capable of it).

Background

I structured the code on a base found on the internet, which is the heart of the code. Then I applied various improvements, and I made it all easily usable. Let's see how it works.

CreateWaitableTimer and SetWaitableTimer are our Windows API functions. Why? Because the Windows timer is able to resume the system, if used properly. The declaration is:

[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
public static extern SafeWaitHandle CreateWaitableTimer(IntPtr lpTimerAttributes, 
                                                          bool bManualReset,
                                                        string lpTimerName);

[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public static extern bool SetWaitableTimer(SafeWaitHandle hTimer, 
                                            [In] ref long pDueTime, 
                                                      int lPeriod,
                                                   IntPtr pfnCompletionRoutine, 
                                                   IntPtr lpArgToCompletionRoutine, 
                                                     bool fResume);

We need to provide a date and a time, but SetWaitableTimer asks for a long integer value... DateTime.ToFileTime() is our lucky function.

This is the main code of the program:

long waketime = (long)e.Argument;

using (SafeWaitHandle handle = 
         CreateWaitableTimer(IntPtr.Zero, true, 
         this.GetType().Assembly.GetName().Name.ToString() + "Timer"))
{
    if (SetWaitableTimer(handle, ref waketime, 0, 
                         IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero, true))
    {
        using (EventWaitHandle wh = new EventWaitHandle(false, 
                                             EventResetMode.AutoReset))
        {
            wh.SafeWaitHandle = handle;
            wh.WaitOne();
        }
    }
    else
    {
        throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
    }
}

Why is there a "e.Argument"?

long waketime = (long)e.Argument;

It's simple. This block of code pauses the execution of the thread until the timer does not reach the "wake time" value:

using (EventWaitHandle wh = new EventWaitHandle(false, 
                                EventResetMode.AutoReset))
{
    wh.SafeWaitHandle = handle;
    wh.WaitOne();
}

and this is not what we want. So, I inserted the block in a separate thread, controlled by a BackgrondWorker class.

I needed to create a class for easy re-use, so I decided to add an event: "Woken". Let's see how it works:

public event EventHandler Woken;

void bgWorker_RunWorkerCompleted(object sender, 
              RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e)
{
    if (Woken != null)
    {
        Woken(this, new EventArgs());
    }
}

Very simple. Finally, this is the complete class:

using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Threading;

namespace WakeUPTimer
{
    class WakeUP
    {
        [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
        public static extern SafeWaitHandle CreateWaitableTimer(IntPtr lpTimerAttributes, 
                                                                  bool bManualReset,
                                                                string lpTimerName);

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
        public static extern bool SetWaitableTimer(SafeWaitHandle hTimer, 
                                                    [In] ref long pDueTime, 
                                                              int lPeriod,
                                                           IntPtr pfnCompletionRoutine, 
                                                           IntPtr lpArgToCompletionRoutine, 
                                                             bool fResume);

        public event EventHandler Woken;

        private BackgroundWorker bgWorker = new BackgroundWorker();

        public WakeUP()
        {
            bgWorker.DoWork += new DoWorkEventHandler(bgWorker_DoWork);
            bgWorker.RunWorkerCompleted += 
              new RunWorkerCompletedEventHandler(bgWorker_RunWorkerCompleted);
        }

        public void SetWakeUpTime(DateTime time)
        {
            bgWorker.RunWorkerAsync(time.ToFileTime());
        }

        void bgWorker_RunWorkerCompleted(object sender, 
                      RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (Woken != null)
            {
                Woken(this, new EventArgs());
            }
        }

        private void bgWorker_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e) 
        {
            long waketime = (long)e.Argument;

            using (SafeWaitHandle handle = 
                      CreateWaitableTimer(IntPtr.Zero, true, 
                      this.GetType().Assembly.GetName().Name.ToString() + "Timer"))
            {
                if (SetWaitableTimer(handle, ref waketime, 0, 
                                       IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero, true))
                {
                    using (EventWaitHandle wh = new EventWaitHandle(false, 
                                                           EventResetMode.AutoReset))
                    {
                        wh.SafeWaitHandle = handle;
                        wh.WaitOne();
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    throw new Win32Exception(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
                }
            }
        }

    }
}

Using the Code

If we have a Button and a DateTimePicker on a form, we can write something like this:

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    WakeUP wup = new WakeUP();
    wup.Woken += WakeUP_Woken;
    wup.SetWakeUpTime(dateTimePicker1.Value);
}

private void WakeUP_Woken(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    // Do something 
}

And to suspend the system:

Application.SetSuspendState(PowerState.Suspend, false, false);

Remember: the last parameter, disableWakeEvent, must be false.

Troubleshooting

If the software doesn't work, it does not necessarily mean that your hardware doesn't support it. It's possible that some Windows settings prevent the awakening of the system. To make sure that the settings are correct, check that:

In "Control Panel > Power Options > Change Plan Settings > Change Advanced Power Settings > Sleep > Allow Wake Timers", all items are enabled.
If there is no password set on your Windows account, make sure that in "Control Panel > Power Options > Change Plan Settings > Change Advanced Power Settings > Brad / Additional Settings > Require a password on wakeup", all items are disabled (thanks nanfang).

Points of Interest

I used BackgroundWorker for a simple reason: the code in the Woken event must be in the same thread of the user interface for easy access to controls. With standard thread management, it's not easy to do that.