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class jumping
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int b,c;
float a;
b=8;
c=2;
test:
{
a=b/c;
System.out.println("a first is" +a);
while(a<=10)
{
b++;
System.out.println("b in continue is " +b);
if(b==12)
{
break test;
}
System.out.println("a final is" +a);
continue test;
}
}
}
}
i want if b not equal to 12 then "a final is" is print. and b increase and also a is but it not?
"kindly help me in java for using label/jump like goto in c++"
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[quote]i want if b not equal to 12 then "a final is" is print. and b increase and also a is but it not?[/quote]
have you tried my code ? that's basically what it does
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thanks. that is ok..
but it's not good solution for my problem.
ok, i tell all thinks....
i develop a math program where a loop run apporoximat 800000 time and finaly value is came. in c++ there are goto statements and control jump to backword or forwared where we need. like that i need jump my code if my condition false and if true the loop exit.. so i can't use function.
and it's a reason i send my code like that...
so if u do please help me..
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The goto statement is bad. When ever you call goto in a program a bunny will stub its toe. You can't be nasty to a fluffy bunny's toe can you?
Loose the goto and learn to love and embrace methods and loops.#
Panic, Chaos, Destruction.
My work here is done.
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Write a method for calculating
n
C
r
!
, based on calculating each of the factorials (using
an iterative method that does so) and combining the results appropriately
can some one help me...
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harshad bhatia wrote: Write a method for calculating
n
C
r
!
, based on calculating each of the factorials (using
an iterative method that does so) and combining the results appropriately
can some one help me...
Start off by taking your medication, put on your glasses and then read what you have written. What is there in the above that anyone can possibly help you with?
Try something and when you have a problem with your homework ask a sensible question that will elicit help.
No one is going to do your homework.
Panic, Chaos, Destruction.
My work here is done.
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Welcome, williamnw.
If the Lord God Almighty had consulted me before embarking upon the Creation, I would have recommended something simpler.
-- Alfonso the Wise, 13th Century King of Castile.
This is going on my arrogant assumptions. You may have a superb reason why I'm completely wrong.
-- Iain Clarke
[My articles]
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Hi...
I have to call a csharp function in Java.
Can somebody give me a small example of how to do this.
Please do help me out.
yogesh
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Do you have a scroll wheel on your mouse?
Scroll down two topics. (hint[^])
My failometer is detecting vast quantities of FAIL!
"Its SQL - hardly programming..." (Caslen)
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Same post in like 3 forums in 1 day. Nice.
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Hy guys ! i'm having a problem getting my tcp server applet on it's feet, the problem is that it doesn't get past instantiating a socket, if i instatiate it with port nr 80 it throws an exception ( Address already in use: JVM_Bind ), with other ports it just locks up at the "binding port" part
ServerSocket server;
int port= Integer.parseInt(portNumber.getText());
status.setText("Starting server..\n");
try {
status.append("Binding to port " + port + ", please wait ...\n");
server = new ServerSocket(port);
} catch (IOException ioe) {
status.append("EROARE la creearea socketului\nEXCEPTIE:
"+ioe.getMessage()+"\n");
return;
}
does anybody have a clue why this happens?
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i'm uploading the server class and test web page if it will help sort this out
here it is : [url]http://uploading.com/files/XQ0TGHPT/server.rar.html[/url]
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I couldn't say why a port might lock up, but if you're using windows you could run the "netstat -a -b" command with arguments to determine if the ports you are selecting are in use. The -b parameter will also tell you what process is using the port in question.
At a minimum, that will tell you if a port you are trying to use is available or not. If you have an appserver installed and running, (or even skype), one of them may be using port 80.
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You might have something else on port 80?
This is the main port used by HTTP, so if you've got another web-service it may well be in use.
Try running it up pointing to a DIFFERENT port and see what happens.
Panic, Chaos, Destruction.
My work here is done.
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[quote]You might have something else on port 80?
This is the main port used by HTTP, so if you've got another web-service it may well be in use.
Try running it up pointing to a DIFFERENT port and see what happens.
[/quote]
allready tried , it locks up at the ServerSocket instantiation, and starting today it lock up on 80 too, i have absolutelly no clue what i'm doing wrong
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Hi...
I have to call a csharp function in Java.
Can somebody give me a small example of how to do this.
Please do help me out.
Thnx.
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All the references I have come across require a bridge between the two environments. The most common approach, used for ad-hoc projects as well as commercial solutions, is to wrap the two sides with a coms layer sending XML messages.
Have a google for 'java c# interop' and read up on the subject.
Also see here[^]
Panic, Chaos, Destruction.
My work here is done.
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Thnx for the help, i'll check it out.
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hi all..
i want to convert an integer number into 8 bits ..
for example : if the Integer number is 5 , i want it to be 00000101.
and i need the zero's in my output..
i'll be very thankful if any one have an idea ..
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And what exactly are you having trouble with?
Couldn't you just do something like:
boolean[] b = new boolean[8];
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
{
b[7 - i] = (x & 1) == 1;
x >>= 1;
}
warning: untested
Or something that looks just like it. Perhaps an array of ints like this:
int[] b = new int[8];
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
{
b[7 - i] = x & 1;
x >>= 1;
}
Or perhaps not 7 - i but just i
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I have a picture added to my jpanel content pane like this:
imagePanel = new ImagePanel();<br />
contentPane.add(imagePanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
File selectedFile = new File("map.jpg");
currentImage = ImageFileManager.loadImage(selectedFile);
imagePanel.setImage(currentImage);
frame.pack();
How I can draw a circle on top of that loaded picture?
Thanks in advance, Im new in this area.
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this is the binary search tree class as you can see the class is developed using generics the problem coming is in testing methods when i m passing integer as two parameters i m not sure why the error is coming whereas the cast i feel is correct ....
*
* Variables: root : marks the root of the tree, null if empty
*
* Inner classes:
* Node: implements each linked node. Defined as protected since only
* descendant classes need to access it
* Variables: key: polymorphic comparable key
* item: polymorphic data in the node
* left: reference to the left subtree
* right: reference to the right subtree
* Methods: Node(K thisKey, T thisItem)
* Node(K thisKey, T thisItem, Node l, Node r)
*
* Public methods: boolean isEmpty()
* void clear()
* boolean find(T item)
* void insert(T item)
* void printPreOrder()
* void printInOrder()
* void printPostOrder()
*
* Input: none
*
* Output: only for regression testing
*
* Error handling: none
*
* Regression testing: a private testing method for each public method
* except for find and for insert (since this is
* asked for during the prac).
*/
public class BinarySearchTree<K extends Comparable<K>,T extends Comparable<T>>
{
// Invariants for the class (and all its descendandts):
// (1) the tree is binary: all nodes have at most two children
// (2) for every node n, they key at n is greater than the key of any left
// descendant, and smaller than the key of any right descendant
// (3) Corollary: no key appears twice in the tree
protected Node root;
protected class Node
{ protected K key;
protected SortedLList<T> item;
protected Node left;
protected Node right;
// Creates a new leaf node of the tree with the appropriate data
//
// precondition: none new
// postcondition: a leaf node object is created with key data thisKey
// and item thisItem
// Best and worst case: O(1)
protected Node(K thisKey, SortedLList<T> thisItem)
{ key = thisKey; item = thisItem;
left = null; right = null;}
// Creates a new node of the tree with the appropriate data and pointing
// to the given left and right children nodes
//
// precondition: none new
// postcondition: a node object is created with key data thisKey
// item thisItem, and left and right nodes pointing to l and r, resp.
// Best and worst case: O(1)
protected Node(K thisKey, SortedLList<T> thisItem, Node l, Node r)
{ key = thisKey; item = thisItem;
left = l; right = r;}
} // end of the Node class
public BinarySearchTree()
{ root = null;}
// Used to check whether the tree is empty
//
// postcondition: if true the tree is empty, otherwise it is not
// Best and worst case: O(1)
public boolean isEmpty()
{ return (root == null);}
// Resets the tree to an empty state
//
// precondition: none new
// postcondition: the tree is empty
// Best and worst case: O(1)
public void clear()
{ root = null;}
// Used to check whether a node with the given key appears in the tree
// Achieved by descending through the tree performing binary search
// until the key is found or an empty node is reached.
//
// precondition: none new
// postcondition: if it returns null the key does not apper in the tree,
// otherwise it does
// Complexity: if compareTo is O(M) where M is the size of K, then best
// case O(M) when the key is at the root, worst O(D*M) when
// it does not find it and has traversed the maximum depth
// D of the tree
public boolean find(K thisKey)
{ return find(root,thisKey);}
protected boolean find(Node current, K thisKey)
{ if (current != null)
{ int comp = current.key.compareTo(thisKey);
if (comp > 0) // thisKey is greater than the current root
{return find(current.left, thisKey);}
else if(comp == 0) // found it
{return true;}
else // comp < 0 // thisKey is smaller than the current root
{return find(current.right, thisKey);}
}
else {return false;}
}
// Used to insert a node with the given key and item, giving an error if
// the key already appears in the tree with a different item. Achieved by
// descending through the tree performing binary search, until the
// appropriate empty node is reached, at which point the new leaf node is
// added and linked
//
// precondition: none new
// postcondition: if an error is printed the tree is unchanged and already
// contains a node with the given key and differen item. Otheriwse,
// if the tree is unchanged it already has a node with that key and
// else, the tree has a new leaf node with key thisKey and item newItem
// Complexity: if compareTo is O(M) where M is the size of K and equals
// is O(P) where P is the size of T, then best case is
// O(M)+O(P), when when both the key and the item are at the
// root, worst case O(D*M) occurs when the key does not appear
// in the tree and it has traversed the maximum depth D of the
// tree
public void insert(K thisKey, SortedLList<T> newItem)
{ if (root == null)
{root = new Node(thisKey, newItem);}
else
{insert(root, thisKey, newItem);}
}
protected void insert(Node current, K thisKey, SortedLList<T> newItem)
{ int comp = current.key.compareTo(thisKey);
if (comp > 0)
{if (current.left == null)
{current.left = new Node(thisKey,newItem);}
else {insert(current.left,thisKey,newItem);}}
else if (comp < 0)
{if (current.right == null)
{current.right = new Node(thisKey,newItem);}
else {insert(current.right,thisKey,newItem);}}
else // comp == 0
{if (!current.item.equals(newItem))
{System.out.println("Error: Already in");}}
}
public void printInOrder()
{ printInOrder(root);}
protected void printInOrder(Node current)
{
if (current != null)
{
printInOrder(current.left);
System.out.print("key is "+current.key+" ");
System.out.print("and item is "+current.item+" ");
printInOrder(current.right);
}
}
// Used to print all items following preOrder of the nodes and with a space
// in between each item
//
// precondition: none new
// postcondition: the item of every node is printed in preOrder (first the
// item node, then the items in the left-subtree, then in
// right-subtree
// Complexity: if print is O(M) where M is the max size of an item, best case
// and worst case is O(N*M) where N is the number of elements
// in the tree
public void printPreOrder()
{ printPreOrder(root);}
protected void printPreOrder(Node current)
{ if (current != null)
{ System.out.print(current.item+" ");
printPreOrder(current.left);
printPreOrder(current.right);
}
}
// Used to print all items following postOrder of the nodes and with a space
// in between each item
//
// precondition: none new
// postcondition: the item of every node is printed in postOrder (first the
// item node, then the items in the left-subtree, then in
// right-subtree
// Complexity: if print is O(M) where M is the max size of an item, best case
// and worst case is O(N*M) where N is the number of elements
// in the tree
public void printPostOrder()
{ printPostOrder(root);}
protected void printPostOrder(Node current)
{ if (current != null)
{ printPostOrder(current.left);
printPostOrder(current.right);
System.out.print(current.item+" ");
}
}
/* Two test classes: empty trees and non-empty trees
* Boundary analysis gives four cases: 0 elements, 1, 2, and many (5) */
private static void testIsEmpty()
{
BinarySearchTree<Integer,Integer> tree =
new BinarySearchTree<Integer,Integer>();
tree.clear();
System.out.println("TESTING isEmpty()");
System.out.println("Expected true, got "+tree.isEmpty());
tree.insert(4,4);
System.out.println("Expected false, got "+tree.isEmpty());
tree.insert(2,2);
System.out.println("Expected false, got "+tree.isEmpty());
tree.insert(5,5);
System.out.println("Expected false, got "+tree.isEmpty());
tree.insert(0,0);
tree.insert(12,12);
System.out.println("Expected false, got "+tree.isEmpty());
}
/* Two test classes: those that are already empty, and those that are not
* Boundary analysis gives four cases: 0 elements, 1, 2, and many (5) */
private static void testClear()
{
BinarySearchTree<Integer,Integer> tree =
new BinarySearchTree<Integer,Integer>();
tree.clear();
System.out.println("TESTING clear()");
System.out.println("Expected true, got "+tree.isEmpty());
tree.insert(4,4);
tree.clear();
System.out.println("Expected true, got "+tree.isEmpty());
tree.insert(4,4);
tree.insert(2,2);
tree.clear();
System.out.println("Expected true, got "+tree.isEmpty());
tree.insert(4,4);
tree.insert(2,2);
tree.insert(5,5);
tree.clear();
System.out.println("Expected true, got "+tree.isEmpty());
tree.insert(4,4);
tree.insert(2,2);
tree.insert(5,5);
tree.insert(0,0);
tree.insert(12,12);
tree.clear();
System.out.println("Expected true, got "+tree.isEmpty());
}
/* Not really any classes for traversing. The only test cases are due
* to the structure of the tree: nodes with no children, nodes with
* only a left subtree, only a right subtree, and with both. */
private static void testPrintPreOrder()
{
BinarySearchTree<Integer,Integer> tree =
new BinarySearchTree<Integer,Integer>();
tree.clear();
tree.insert(4,4);
tree.insert(3,3);
tree.insert(2,2);
tree.insert(5,5);
tree.insert(6,6);
System.out.print("TESTING printPreOrder, expected 4 3 2 5 6, got ");
tree.printPreOrder();
System.out.println(" ");
}
/* Not really any classes for traversing. The only test cases are due
* to the structure of the tree: nodes with no children, nodes with
* only a left subtree, only a right subtree, and with both. */
private static void testPrintPostOrder()
{
BinarySearchTree<Integer,Integer> tree =
new BinarySearchTree<Integer,Integer>();
tree.clear();
tree.insert(4,4);
tree.insert(3,3);
tree.insert(2,2);
tree.insert(5,5);
tree.insert(6,6);
System.out.print("TESTING printPostOrder, expected 2 3 6 5 4, got ");
tree.printPostOrder();
System.out.println(" ");
}
private static void testPrintInOrder()
{
BinarySearchTree<Integer,Integer> tree =
new BinarySearchTree<Integer,Integer>();
tree.clear();
tree.insert(4,4);
tree.insert(3,3);
tree.insert(2,2);
tree.insert(5,5);
tree.insert(6,6);
System.out.print("TESTING printInOrder, expected 2 3 4 5 6, got ");
tree.printInOrder();
System.out.println(" ");
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
BinarySearchTree<Integer,Integer> tree = new BinarySearchTree<Integer,Integer>();
tree.testIsEmpty();
tree.testClear();
tree.testPrintPreOrder();
tree.testPrintInOrder();
tree.testPrintPostOrder();
}
}
now the sortedLList class
/* Class SortedLList<T extends Comparable<T>>
*
public class SortedLList<T extends Comparable<T>>
extends AbstractLList<T>
{
// New invariants for the class:
// (N) if node N points to node N', N.item is less or equal than N'
// Creates an empty object of the class, i.e., an empty list of T items
// Since the list is implemented with nodes, the size is not needed
//
// precondition: none new
// postcondition: an empty list is created
// Best and worst case: O(1)
public SortedLList()
{ head = null; last = null;}
// Inserts a new node with newItem to the list, making sure it is inserted
// before the first node whose item is greater or equal than newItem
//
// precondition: none new
// postcondition: a new node with newItem appears in the list
//
// Best case (should be inserted in first place) O(1)*O_compare where
// O_compare will tipically be O(M) where M is the length of newItem
// Worst case (in last place) O(N)*O_compare, where N is the length of
// the list
public void add(T newItem)
{
Iterator i = this.iterator();
while (i.hasNext() && i.peek().compareTo(newItem)<0)
{i.next();}
Node temp = new Node(newItem,i.current);
if (i.previous == null) // first element
{head = temp;}
else //middle or last element
{i.previous.next = temp;}
if (i.current == null) // last element
{last = temp;}
}
/*********************** REGRESSION TESTING CODE **********************/
// Two test classes: empty lists and non-empty lists
// Boundary analysis gives four cases: 0 elements, 1, 2, and many (5)
private static void testIsEmpty()
{ SortedLList<Integer> myList = new SortedLList<Integer>();
System.out.println("TESTING isEmpty()");
System.out.println("Expected true, got "+myList.isEmpty());
myList.add(9);
System.out.println("Expected false, got "+myList.isEmpty());
myList.add(0);
System.out.println("Expected false, got "+myList.isEmpty());
myList.add(1);
myList.add(2);
myList.add(14);
System.out.println("Expected false, got "+myList.isEmpty());
}
// Two test classes: full lists and non-full lists
// Boundary analysis gives three cases: 0 elements, 1, and many (5)
private static void testIsFull()
{ SortedLList<Integer> myList = new SortedLList<Integer>();
System.out.println("TESTING isFull()");
System.out.println("Expected false, got "+myList.isFull());
myList.add(9);
System.out.println("Expected false, got "+myList.isFull());
myList.add(0);
myList.add(1);
myList.add(2);
myList.add(14);
System.out.println("Expected false, got "+myList.isFull());
}
// One test class: adding to a list of any length
// Boundary analysis gives three cases: 0 elements, 1, and many (5)
private static void testAdd()
{ SortedLList<Integer> myList = new SortedLList<Integer>();
System.out.println("TESTING add()");
myList.add(0);
System.out.println("Expected 0, got "+myList);
myList.add(9);
System.out.println("Expected 0 9, got "+myList);
myList.add(1);
myList.add(14);
myList.add(20);
System.out.println("Expected 0 1 9 14 20, got "+myList);
}
// Two test classes: the item is not in the list and it is in it
// Subclasses for the class in which the item is in: is the first slot
// the last, or in the middle
// Boundary analysis gives five cases: slot 0, slot 1, slot used-2, slot
// used-1, and some slot in the middle
private static void testDeleteItem() throws Exception
{ SortedLList<Integer> myList = new SortedLList<Integer>();
myList.add(8);
myList.add(7);
myList.add(5);
myList.add(5);
myList.add(4);
myList.add(3);
myList.add(2);
myList.add(1);
myList.add(0);
System.out.println("TESTING deleteItem()");
System.out.println("Expected true, got "+ myList.deleteItem(5));
System.out.println(" with list 0 1 2 3 4 5 7 8, got "+myList);
System.out.println("Expected true, got "+ myList.deleteItem(1));
System.out.println(" with list 0 2 3 4 5 7 8, got "+myList);
System.out.println("Expected true, got "+ myList.deleteItem(0));
System.out.println(" with list 2 3 4 5 7 8, got "+myList);
System.out.println("Expected true, got "+ myList.deleteItem(7));
System.out.println(" with list 2 3 4 5 8, got "+myList);
System.out.println("Expected true, got "+ myList.deleteItem(8));
System.out.println(" with list 2 3 4 5, got "+myList);
System.out.println("Expected false, got "+ myList.deleteItem(8));
System.out.println(" with list 2 3 4 5, got "+myList);
}
// Two test classes: the list is empty and it is not
// Boundary analysis gives four cases: 0 elements, 1, 2, and many (5)
private static void testDeleteFirst() throws Exception
{ SortedLList<Integer> myList = new SortedLList<Integer>();
myList.add(4);
myList.add(3);
myList.add(2);
myList.add(1);
myList.add(0);
System.out.println("TESTING deleteFirst()");
System.out.println("Expected 0, got "+ myList.deleteFirst());
System.out.println(" with list 1 2 3 4, got "+myList);
myList.deleteFirst();
myList.deleteFirst();
System.out.println("Expected 3, got "+ myList.deleteFirst());
System.out.println(" with list 4, got "+myList);
System.out.println("Expected 4, got "+ myList.deleteFirst());
System.out.println(" with list , got "+myList);
System.out.print("Expected exception ");
try{myList.deleteFirst();}
catch(Exception e)
{ System.out.println(e);
return;}
System.out.println("but no exception thrown");
}
// Two test classes: the list is empty and it is not
// Boundary analysis gives four cases: 0 elements, 1, 2, and many (5)
private static void testDeleteLast() throws Exception
{ SortedLList<Integer> myList = new SortedLList<Integer>();
myList.add(4);
myList.add(3);
myList.add(2);
myList.add(1);
myList.add(0);
System.out.println("TESTING deleteLast()");
System.out.println("Expected 4, got "+ myList.deleteLast());
System.out.println(" with list 0 1 2 3, got "+myList);
myList.deleteLast();
myList.deleteLast();
System.out.println("Expected 1, got "+ myList.deleteLast());
System.out.println(" with list 0, got "+myList);
System.out.println("Expected 0, got "+ myList.deleteLast());
System.out.println(" with list , got "+myList);
System.out.print("Expected exception ");
try{myList.deleteLast();}
catch(Exception e)
{ System.out.println(e);
return;}
System.out.println("but no exception thrown");
}
// Two test classes: the item is not in the list and it is in it
// Subclasses for the class in which the item is in: is the first slot
// the last, or in the middle
// Boundary analysis gives five cases: slot 0, slot 1, slot used-2, slot
// used-1, and some slot in the middle
private static void testFind()
{ SortedLList<Integer> myList = new SortedLList<Integer>();
myList.add(0);
myList.add(1);
myList.add(2);
myList.add(14);
myList.add(20);
myList.add(30);
myList.add(40);
myList.add(50);
System.out.println("TESTING find()");
System.out.println("Expected false, got "+ myList.find(9));
System.out.println("Expected true, got "+ myList.find(0));
System.out.println("Expected true, got "+ myList.find(1));
System.out.println("Expected true, got "+ myList.find(14));
System.out.println("Expected true, got "+ myList.find(40));
System.out.println("Expected true, got "+ myList.find(50));
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
try{ testIsEmpty();
testIsFull();
testAdd();
testDeleteItem();
testDeleteFirst();
testDeleteLast();
testFind();
}
catch(Exception e)
{ System.out.println(" Error, unexpected exception: "+e);}
}
}
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That's a ton of text....What's the error?
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