Encapsulation versus Abstraction

Thank you for your question.

Encapsulation is hiding implementation from end user. Example:

String str1="Hello";
Console.Write(str1.Length);

In the above example, str1 String instance object hide implementation details of Length from client.

Abstraction is everything that need to build an object. In real world consideration, to build a car you need wheels, color, steering wheels, looking glass etc. All things are needed to abstraction a car object.

Example:

public class Car
{
   int _wheel;
   String _color;
   int _glass;

   public int Wheel
   {
     get {return _wheel;}
     set { _wheel=value;}
   }

  public String Color
  {
     get {return _color;}
     set { _wheel=color;}
  }

  public int Glass
  {
     get {return _glass;}
     set { _glass=value;}
  }
}

Has this example made you clear?


Thanks,
Mamun

Abstraction:

Abstraction is a process of hiding the implementation details and displaying the essential features.

Example1: A Laptop consists of many things such as processor, motherboard, RAM, keyboard, LCD screen, wireless antenna, web camera, usb ports, battery, speakers etc. To use it, you don't need to know how internally LCD screens, keyboard, web camera, battery, wireless antenna, speaker’s works. You just need to know how to operate the laptop by switching it on. Think about if you would have to call to the engineer who knows all internal details of the laptop before operating it. This would have highly expensive as well as not easy to use everywhere by everyone.

So here the Laptop is an object that is designed to hide its complexity.
How to abstract: - By using Access Specifiers

.Net has five access Specifiers

Public -- Accessible outside the class through object reference.

Private -- Accessible inside the class only through member functions.

Protected -- Just like private but Accessible in derived classes also through member
functions.

Internal -- Visible inside the assembly. Accessible through objects.

Protected Internal -- Visible inside the assembly through objects and in derived classes outside the assembly through member functions.


Encapsulation:-

Encapsulation is a process of binding the data members and member functions into a single unit.

Example for encapsulation is class. A class can contain data structures and methods.
Consider the following class

public class Aperture
{
public Aperture ()
{
}
protected double height;
protected double width;
protected double thickness;
public double get volume()
{
Double volume=height * width * thickness;
if (volume<0)
return 0;
return volume;
}
}

In this example we encapsulate some data such as height, width, thickness and method Get Volume. Other methods or objects can interact with this object through methods that have public access modifier