Suppose you have a textbox like as:
<asp:textbox id="txtMyTextBox" runat="Server" text="1234" xmlns:asp="#unknown"></asp:textbox>
Javascript way of accessing it:
var value = document.getElementById('<%=txtMyTextBox.ClientID%>').value;
As TextBox is server control, so on runtime this control have different client id
'<%=txtMyTextBox.ClientID%>'
will return control clientid on runtime