How to interchange data between Java Program and C++ Program

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I constructed a java program using netbeans IDE that has ability to connect with a respective DLL; I want to connect and interchange data between my java program(.jar) and VSC++ program(.exe) through DLLs.JNI uses single Dll to invoke C/C++ function in native manner,In order to increase the efficiency I tried to connect and interchange primitive data types between Java program and C++ program using that DLL(JNI implemented).

Unfortunately C++ program cannot obtain data values that has been changed by Java Program.For example - If I declare a global int variable in DLL,java program can catch that int variable and can update it but If I run my C++ program(exe) loading same DLL simultaneously it cannot receive the updated value of that int variable declared in the DLL.

Therefore I need a solution to share/Interchange at least primitive data and their respective values between a JAVA and C++ Program using JNI (in spite of date transferring through Sockets).JAVA TO C/C++ & C/C++ to JAVA using DLLs.

PLEASE HELP ME!! THANK YOU

Posted 20-Aug-13 20:35pm

Buddhi Chaturanga

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Richard MacCutchan 21-Aug-13 2:58am

The JNI interface allows you to share all types between a Java main program and a C or C++ dll, and vice versa. However what you describe sounds more like you need to use sockets or a message queue.

Buddhi Chaturanga 21-Aug-13 5:46am

In spite of SOCKET PROGRAMMING .. Couldn't be achieve it by using only JNI and DLLs ? Build a primitive link between Java Program <=> C/C++ program (Those are running same instance)

Richard MacCutchan 21-Aug-13 5:57am

In theory it may be possible, but it is really not the way to uses DLLs. Remember that even though the code in the DLL is shared, each application runs in its own address space, independent of the other. So, even if you have a global variable it still belongs only to one or other application. I am not sure that shared memory would work in this case, but you may like to research it.

Buddhi Chaturanga 21-Aug-13 10:04am

@Richard => I have already researched some variations.. One single DLL duplicate it's own memory spaces for different processes. Even if we load Same single DLL within two different programs we can obtain two different memory allocation.My point is HOW WE CAN MAP THESE TWO MEMORY ADDRESSES FOR DECLARED GLOBAL VARIABLES IN DLL then we can direct the data flow.

Richard MacCutchan 21-Aug-13 11:03am

I think you probably need to use shared memory to achieve this.

Buddhi Chaturanga 21-Aug-13 22:58pm

Shared Memory inside DLL for multi accessing programs problem is how?

Richard MacCutchan 22-Aug-13 3:01am

You need to go and read the documentation to see how you could use it and whether it would solve your problem.

Buddhi Chaturanga 26-Aug-13 12:24pm

Please go through these discussions and convey your ideas
LINK 1[]

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pasztorpisti · Answer 1 · 2013-08-20T23:59:00

Solution 3

What is "loading same DLL simultaneously"? First: If you start a VC++ program that loads a DLL and you start a Java program that loads the same DLL then you have created two processes that have nothing to do with each other so your assumption that you require some kind of IPC to communicate between these processes is correct. Sockets is a very good communication, I'm using that most of the time. Depending on the current scenario you may or may not require jni and native code in your java program but we can not help you in that based on the information you provided. Also the cut in your architecture where you put the IPC (socket) communication could be a nice base for debate but again, we don't have the info for this.

EDIT: Thinking it over again: If you want to share just a small piece of data (like int or a few bytes/ints) then you can also do that by using shared memory + an interprocess mutext and maybe one or two interprocess events if you want to signal about data change to one or both directions. In this case however you will need a small jni dll in your java program. Another thing: A jni call can be quite expensive. For this reason I usually don't make a jni call in either direction (java->c or c->java) just to read/set variables if I don't have to. If setting/reading the variable isn't so performance critical and a socket communication is satisfactory then I would go with sockets. This solution has 2 advantages: You don't need jni in the java program (that has another indirect benefit: it remains platform independent), and you can run the programs on separate machines easily that sometimes has some benefit!

If you use shared memory then you have two choices:

1. You write just a single jni dll for the java program. You don't need a dll in the C++ exe, especially not the same dll. Of course you can still reuse the same C/C++ code in the jni dll and the c++ program. The shared memory must be created programmatically along with the mutext for synchronization and optionally one or two inter-process events.

2. Once I've created shared memory by marking a segment (.bss) in my (mouse hook) dll as shared. This way if you load this dll into separate processes all of these loaded dll instances see that segment as shared. Marking the segment as shared requires only some linker magic and knowing the name of the segment maybe explicitly putting some variables to explicitly defined segments (with some platform specific C++ compiler pragmas). I don't recommend this approach if you don't understand anything in what I've described previously.

Posted 20-Aug-13 23:59pm

pasztorpisti

Updated 21-Aug-13 0:12am

v2

Comments

Buddhi Chaturanga 21-Aug-13 6:16am

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/18349760/how-to-interchange-data-between-java-program-and-c-program

pasztorpisti 21-Aug-13 8:59am

How is this related?

Buddhi Chaturanga 21-Aug-13 6:25am

@pasztorpisti I got your point. I am not advanced Win32 Programmer.But I wanted to do here is pass data between running Java Program and C/C++ program.I think JNI has kind of efficient approach than USING SOCKET PROGRAMMING OR
IPC http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa365574(v=vs.85).aspx
I wanted to know with or without using separate DLL for C++ program how we can pass values from C++ program to Java side JNI DLL..?

pasztorpisti 21-Aug-13 8:30am

Sorry, in my previous post I misunderstood (reading too quickly) and I thought you are advanced in Win32. If sockets isn't good for you (for example because it isn't fast enough) then you have to write a DLL that you load from java. In the C++ program you don't need any DLLs, especially not the same DLL... But you can use the same classes/header files/libs in the C++ program and your java/jni DLL if you want to!

First create shared memory with the same name in both the DLL and the C++ program: link
Warning!! shared memory isn't necessarily mapped to the same address in different processes!!

For synchronization you have to use named interprocess mutex: link
If you want to signal uni- or bidirectional signaling then you need 1 or 2 event objects: link

All of these objects can be created with a specified name. If you create two objects with the same name (optionally in different processes) then the returned handles will refer to the same object!

From this point this is exactly like multithreaded programming, the only difference is that the threads reside in different processes. Multithreading in very difficult topic and we cant teach you multithreading in a few paragraphs and answers. Period. Since we don't know what you wanna do we cant help you with codesnippets.

pasztorpisti 21-Aug-13 9:33am

I would still consider using sockets. Depending on your problem (that you keep as a secret for some reason...) sockets can be a good solution with the advantages I previously mentioned. It can easily happen that your solution can be replaced with another solution that doesn't require frequent (and/or low latency) value update of the shared data and then socket usage is okay. I think you should describe the usage of this shared data from both the C++ program and java side. Why do you need it?

Buddhi Chaturanga 21-Aug-13 10:15am

@pasztorpisti => there is no secret dear pal... :D I am developing plugin for 3D simulation system.There is subsystems developed using JAVA/JAVAFX ,but main core (codebase) is totally developed using C/C++ so already theses two frameworks have been connected using sockets programming you mentioned earlier..=> OBJECT WRAPPING concept.But I realized that it's not the efficient way to construct such sysyem.Since Java can call his natives; we have to use it wisely for construct and extend our data links with C/C++ programs;therefore we able to two way communication.most efficient:we are dealing with pure C and assembly.JNI directly pave the way for invoking implemented C/C++ Function within DLL..so My idea is if we can share the same memory location allocated in DLL for JNI process to our C/C++ EXE program we directly able access and change the values of respective data types(Mostly primitive ones) @ runtime.

pasztorpisti 21-Aug-13 13:32pm

It isn't that simple. If you have more threads that access the same memory area and at least one of them is modifying that memory area in some cases then we are dealing with thread synchronization problems, it is multithreading. In your case there would be shared memory between the C++ program and the jni DLL of your java program and there are at least two threads: at least one from the C++ program and at least one from the jni DLL. Additional info: Shared memory may be mapped to totally different addresses in the address space of the C++ program and the java program so you can't use pointers in the shared data, just offsets (usually relative to the beginning of the shared memory area). Another thing that is missing even after your previous comment: the direction of data flow. Which program wants to pass data to the other one? Is one directional data push enough? And what is OBJECT WRAPPING? Serialization?

Buddhi Chaturanga 21-Aug-13 22:46pm

@pasztorpisti => Yeap.. Sorry for my bad spelling mistakes sometimes.. I think you can grab the total idea.I need to construct two way data communication process.It's like this:
JAVA PROGRAM <=> JNI DLL <=> CONNECTOR(C/C++) DLL <=> C/C++ Program
So my idea goes like this ..<THIS CONCEPT FOR PRIMIIVE DATA TYPES ONLY>
Think I have defined and declared an int variable in Java int x,also in similar manner within C/C++ program int x;but to relate/map this integers we linker between these two,So JNI comes in to play.JNI somehow directs/translates this int => jint type inside dll we can do interpret cast/conversion to this jint => known C/C++ int type;now we have climax of this conflict that is somehow we have to pass this integer value to simultaneously running C/C++ program(.exe) and think inside our C/C++ program we change that int value to something and we have to pass it back to Java program through that dll.

Buddhi Chaturanga 21-Aug-13 22:53pm

@pasztorpisti => Multithreading/Concurrency comes into play but I caught a problem that DLL creates a single model and different memory location for each program if can find a path to link or map this memory address for program which are accessing this dll the concept of MEMORY POOL established.We have no help or aid from OS services this by our own.If we can develop a concept or algo' to mapping stuff inside the DLL problem solved.Since I am not an advanced expert in DLL/Win32 programming I do not know how to implement it. :|

pasztorpisti 22-Aug-13 5:24am

What do you mean on "the concept of MEMORY POOL"? Memory sharing works this way: From two or many processes you open a window (with predefined size) to a shared memory area. Only the size of this window is the same inside the processes, the location of this window may be totally different. Another thing: You can not hold complex object in this memory area (like instaces of classes). You have to store POD types like simple structs and primitive types (The toolset you have in C). If you want to exchange objects then first you have to store the objects' serialized form in this memory area and then the other process must deserialize this "binary data" into objects again in the other process. Its the same as saving out your data into a file and then loading it back but instead of file you are using shared memory. You can not use pointers (just like in case of saved data files!!!). If you are not allowed to save out something into a file then you are probably not allowed to store it in a shared memory area... Another thing I find a problem in your descriptions: when you are talking about communication you are usually using the modification of an int as an example. Modifying/reading an integer alone is not communication. How will the other process/thread know that I've modified the data (that may be more complex than an int) and its ready for reading??? How will I know that the other process/thread has finished reading the data so I can write the next load of data to the memory area??? Do you see what I mean? Inter-thread communication isn't just writing and reading memory areas. BTW, you should quickly start out reading some shared memory related tutorials in my opinion.

Buddhi Chaturanga 24-Aug-13 9:00am

Thank you .. Shared Memory is the only way.

pasztorpisti 24-Aug-13 9:55am

You are welcome. Sorry, noone can really help you more with this. However this conversation made me interested in writing a small artical about shared memory IPC as my first search on codeproject havent found one that I think to be good enough. I will also write a simple shared memory IPC lib for C++ that provides "turn based" and "one direction data flow" communication but don't wait for it because it may never be completed considering the amount of my free time and it is possible that you would need a custom solution anyway... :-)

Buddhi Chaturanga 24-Aug-13 11:51am

Sorry This may be shown like a mirage,but I want to do something new.I really appreciate if you can provide us some theoretical background and example codes for SHARED MEMORY IPC(give us few hints).Don't waste your valuable time on this but if you can help us by providing some simple tutorial kind of stuff ... it's really appreciated.

pasztorpisti 24-Aug-13 12:02pm

I simply cant help in this because its impossible. Shared memory IPC is similar to multithreading and even more complex than that. Those who are good at multithreading learn it for years. All other programmers just copy paste together buggy solutions from the internet. That experience (and even more) simply can not be taught in a few sentences. Shared mem ipc is more complex than threading for example because you don't know which application is started first and which tries to "connect" first. Another problem is that unless threads that are under your control inside an application in case of IPC someone can kill one of your application (for example from the task manager) and the other application should be able to handle this (either by using roboust mutexes or by building in roboustness yourself into the communication).

You need a new solution? How do you know that? Maybe you simply overcomplicate your situation or you don't have the necessary knowledge to do the abstraction that shows that your problem is simply a turn based communication or one or two way data flow. What is so special in your situation?

Buddhi Chaturanga 25-Aug-13 4:41am

Especial case is Calling C++ program through JNI based Java application and retrieve the data and send the data to it.Building a Data/Process link between a Java program and C++ program in a simplest and efficient manner.Constructing this kind of model/algo appears to be complex and rough.

pasztorpisti 25-Aug-13 6:42am

You told noting about the shared memory communication. To open your eyes a bit more: essentially we have only a few threads running here and there and there is some kind of communication between these threads. The fact that these threads are running in separate processes, and the kind of communication between these threads can be replaced any time, sometimes quite easily if the architecture is well designed. Sometimes I build separate client-server programs so that its possible to compile a client that includes a built-in server for easier debugging of the server logic. The only problem is that you have not enough experience to abstract away things in this situation and you cant split concerns looking at the problem from different perspectives.

I don't see anything special in your case especailly because java and jni has nothing to do with the communication between the jni plugin and the C++ program. The fact that you are calling from java into a C++ "plugin" and maybe you call back from the plugin into java and the fact that some functions are written in this and that language within the same process are totally meaningless in our case if we are examining the shared memory communication between the two native codepieces.

Buddhi Chaturanga 25-Aug-13 22:35pm

@pasztorpisti yeah I told you before JNI using for connecting purpose(like Messenger) those two simultaneously running programs(Java & C/C++) should share their memory as mentioned before.I want to ask this why can't we construct a structure to access each shared memory allocations of C/C++ program through JNI?I think you can grasp my point?(NOT IPC THROUGH JAVA NATIVE INTERFACE)

pasztorpisti 26-Aug-13 4:33am

No I still can't grasp your point and lets forget about jni because shared memory and communication has nothing to do with jni and java here as I previously mentioned.

Buddhi Chaturanga 26-Aug-13 7:30am

@pasztorpisti thank you very much for your cooperation buddy.
I want to remind u something here.Please refere this book (download it)
http://bookos.org/book/1313643/fe9647

The author has mentioned a critical point about shared memory at page 5 under sub topic "CONCURRENCY WITH MULTIPLE PROCESSES" refer that.

pasztorpisti 26-Aug-13 10:53am

You are welcome. But why have you posted the book? As I see from the table of contents it doesn't really contain new things for me, however it seems to be a good learning material if you are interested in the topic.

Buddhi Chaturanga 26-Aug-13 11:32am

Sorry then I thought it is helpful for you all.Nowadays I am referring it.Problem is I am a java developer .. new to C/C++ shifting Java to C/C++, but I want to build my stuff using these two powerful programming sources;also Assembly included.

pasztorpisti 26-Aug-13 11:35am

Assembly? Why?

Buddhi Chaturanga 26-Aug-13 11:40am

For more efficiency/performance.As I involved with 3D game developing stuff.

pasztorpisti 26-Aug-13 11:44am

I'm also involved in 3D game development stuff (cutting edge realtime graphics with AAA content) and there is no assembly. The heavy weighlifting is done by hardware and don't think you can write much better code than the generated code of a good optimizing compiler. We only have one or two piece of assembly inlines that solve very special particle system computation on arm processors, this is just an optimization for handheld devices, totally unnecessary on PC.

Buddhi Chaturanga 26-Aug-13 11:57am

Oh.Sorry my bad I kind of new to C/C++ world.It's nice to meet you here.Are you a senior software engineer?

pasztorpisti 26-Aug-13 12:30pm

Yes, along with a lot of veterans here around the forums so you haven't found anything special. :-)

Buddhi Chaturanga 26-Aug-13 12:42pm

:) I wanted to create something efficient.. Actually I am not an software engineer I am Math + Physics guy.. seems terrible huh :D .. not well experienced in deep computer engineering Just used Programming and developing stuff for Computational and Simulations purposes.But I wanted to study kind of deep computer science+engineering to learn about Computer AI and Modern compilers before that I thought it wise to develop some efficient programs in order to solve some critical problems in nowadays computer field.

pasztorpisti 26-Aug-13 12:48pm

You should start thinking in a bit higher level. I started out with assembly and progressed towards higher level languages (pascal,c,delphi,c++,java,c#) later. One disease of mine was premature optimization for a long time. In case of your problem the question is: What kind of communication you have: what is the direction of the notification and when. Then you simple create an empty interface that suits this communication and you can implement it with several different kind of solutions to compare them (for example one socket implementation and one shared memory implementation). Its OK to bother with performance optimizations later when you have more experience. Now with zero experience you simply can not plan forward with optimizations. Previously you stated that sockets isn't suitable for you. Do you know why?

Buddhi Chaturanga 26-Aug-13 12:23pm

Please go through these discussions and convey your ideas
LINK 1[]

JNA -JAVA NATIVE ACCESS?

LINK 2[]

pasztorpisti 26-Aug-13 12:34pm

2 links to my answer in this very same thread? Sorry but I don't really have the time to do research for you and to find out what you wanna do. I'm not a mind reader. If you have a problem then ask a question about it. Of course if you ask a question like "how to build a spaceship" we won't be able to answer it for you (even if we know how to do it because it takes years to learn/teach it). If you have no clue about what you want to do then you will not be able to do it. Build on what you currently have and learn more and more things until you are able to design multithreaded and multiprocessed applications.

Buddhi Chaturanga 26-Aug-13 12:45pm

:( I think I made you disappointed sorry.In my company no one knows how to answer this.I am upon my self.I got your idea but I really have anxious to build this stuff please guide me if you can.

pasztorpisti 26-Aug-13 12:56pm

Dont minsunderstand. I'm not disappointed or angry or whatever... :-) :-) :-) I simply don't have the time to guide my own padavans to teach them years of experience especially not in a few forum messages that is completely impossible. The "rocket building" metaphor tried to explain this. If you start from the basics then don't expect to reach master level soon and you have to work a lot to reach master level. Most programmers have no clue about multithreaded programming and/or the proper way of applying it in some context (like OOP). Reasonably good understanding is required in C++ and in many other technical areas to be able to write a multithread app in C++ and now you want to do something even more complex (that involves multiple processes) without knowing C++ or multithreading or anything related from WinAPI or POSIX api... Do you understand my point? In my opinion you won't be able to put together a correct solution in the next few months. If you are good and eager then few months of research/learning can result in a reasonably good solution. If you are good but lazy then you may be able to copy paste together something that isn't unacceptably buggy in shorter time (few weeks maybe)...

Buddhi Chaturanga 26-Aug-13 13:06pm

I am not lazy.I will prove you.I will develop this system and find new way to link programs one another just be with this thread and I will provide my updates and progress to you.Condense and forward to you.If I am a software Engineer or Computer Scientist,this problem has been solved/concluded already., :D

KarstenK · Answer 2 · 2013-08-20T21:55:00

Solution 1

The JNI interface works fine if you handle it very carefully.

Everything should be transfered by value and then work on a local copy. Do dont work with pointer from C++ in Java and vice versa or some strange exceptions will hurt you :mad:

That looks interesting for you:

Sample JNI Application[^]

Debugging a JNI Application using Netbeans and Visual Studio[^]

Posted 20-Aug-13 21:55pm

KarstenK

Comments

Buddhi Chaturanga 21-Aug-13 5:42am

Thank you for links.But I want to construct two way data communication between two separate Java and C/C++ programs running simultaneously using DLLs.Example If I declared int x variable in DLL so problem is we must able to change it's value by each program and the value should be visible to each program instantaneously.(Similar to static variable)

KarstenK · Answer 3 · 2013-08-20T23:47:00

Solution 2

Consider using a notification model. The callee changes the value and the called is performing some actions. like notifying other modules.

That event driven model has a good performance and stability.

Posted 20-Aug-13 23:47pm

KarstenK

Updated 21-Aug-13 0:15am

v2

Comments

Buddhi Chaturanga 21-Aug-13 5:50am

@KarstenK Could you send me some relevant example link or resources web sites for further info?

pasztorpisti 21-Aug-13 6:14am

Just a side note: By using sockets your solution becomes automatically event driven. If sockets is a viable solution for you then definitely go with that without using any DLLs anywhere and without jni.

KarstenK 21-Aug-13 9:44am

Look in the sample jni app.

I mean that you have some "Set" function which will call other functions.

Buddhi Chaturanga 22-Aug-13 0:26am

JAVA <=> JNI DLL fine.. collaboration fine.. but passing/recieving values of any data type to JNI DLL <=> C/C++ (EXE) using SETTERS/GETTERS FUNCTION not the option

KarstenK 22-Aug-13 2:22am

I had broken my objects into int and strings. So instead of
from
SetObject( CInfo* object );
to
SetObject( int state, char *info, char *detail );

Only transfer native type, because memory layout is different.

PS: the same memory layout is a big advantage of the net-languages from M$

Buddhi Chaturanga 22-Aug-13 2:35am

@KarstenK => I got your idea,Here I want to do is Transfer/Communicate data between two programs using single or multiple DLLs.If we define variables in global scope how we can visible values of those two each one of programs.Data values should be updated,visible.

Richard MacCutchan 22-Aug-13 3:04am

As has been explained a number of times, you cannot share them in this way. A global variable is only global to a single application. Multiple applications that use the same DLL will have their own copy of the variable.

KarstenK 22-Aug-13 3:43am

it looks like a design flaw. If you need the same values in different apps and at the same milisecond, you should write ONE app. Else you should forward the values!!!

To end the discussion: you also can use global memory, but i assure you you will fail because you want to kill your design flaw with "the big stick": http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa365574(v=vs.85).aspx

My advice: rethink your design with an senior programmer before writing some crappy workarounds. Else you will loose time in chasing a solution which wont work.

Buddhi Chaturanga 22-Aug-13 6:42am

@ALL *FINAL CONCLUSION* => NO PROPER EFFICIENT SOLUTION.IPC will be the only solution up to now.Thank you all for your effort and contribution.

KarstenK 22-Aug-13 6:59am

I am really interested how it will be sorted out.

Be sure to have a "working demo" before you write the "rest of the solution". ;-)

Buddhi Chaturanga 22-Aug-13 6:49am

I am going to research this problem(Except Socket Programming) with in next two weeks if I end up with good solution.I will post the entire Architecture and Coding stuff for you all.Within next few days If you could find exact solution Please post on this thread.

Buddhi Chaturanga 22-Aug-13 6:53am

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa365574(v=vs.85).aspx
I analyzed the content before.My target was to construct the stuff without external protocols or data wrapping.

KarstenK 22-Aug-13 7:02am

my "stomack feeling" says me, that you are on the wrong treck: "I analyzed the content before." => No solution.

Dont be a fool to waiste so much time...

Buddhi Chaturanga 24-Aug-13 9:02am

Why we should rely upon some in built stuff every time!Don't you like to invent and engineer you own efficient tech?Don't think this is such wasting time or garbage.May be we can find way other than using DLLs,IPC.. or google built modules.

KarstenK 26-Aug-13 2:14am

a software project is every time a mixture of using existing cod/libraries and write new code. So it is important to choose the right language and libraries to empower your projects. So I use MFC for the GUI and direct Windows-API for the "rest".

Buddhi Chaturanga 26-Aug-13 2:28am

Here my objective was to develop a data link between a Java Program and C/C++ program following an efficient and effective path.

KarstenK 26-Aug-13 3:32am

use JNI and native types (int and char Buffers).

So where is the problem? ;-)

Buddhi Chaturanga 26-Aug-13 4:01am

Data passing to C/C++ program from JNI DLL and retrieving respective data from C/C++ program(.exe)

KarstenK 26-Aug-13 4:03am

That was your question => So the round is complete.

Buddhi Chaturanga 26-Aug-13 12:23pm

Please go through these discussions and convey your ideas
LINK 1[]