you have not assigned values to dropdown listitems
This is your final soln:-
function ChngDDl2() {
var ddlValue = document.getElementById("<%=ddl1.ClientID%>").value;
if (ddlValue == "1") {
document.getElementById("<%=ddl2.ClientID%>").value = "This is aple";
}
if (ddlValue == "2") {
document.getElementById("<%=ddl2.ClientID%>").value = "This is onion";
}
}
<asp:DropDownList ID="ddl1" onchange="ChngDDl2();" runat="server">
<asp:ListItem value="1" text="one"></asp:ListItem>
<asp:ListItem value="2" text="two"></asp:ListItem>
</asp:DropDownList>
<asp:DropDownList ID="ddl2" runat="server">
<asp:ListItem value="1" text=""></asp:ListItem>
<asp:ListItem value="2" text=""></asp:ListItem>
</asp:DropDownList>