Templates, Inversion of Control, Factories, and so on

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Threading;
using Pfz.Caching;
using Pfz.DynamicObjects;
using Pfz.DynamicObjects.Internal;
using Pfz.Extensions;
using Pfz.Remoting.Instructions;
using Pfz.Serialization;
using Pfz.Threading;

namespace Pfz.Remoting
{
	/// <summary>
	/// Class used to access objects remotelly.
	/// </summary>
	public class RemotingClient:
		RemotingCommon
	{
		#region Fields
			private IChanneller _channeller;
			internal long _id;

			internal BidirectionalDictionary _objectsUsedByTheOtherSide;
			internal Dictionary<long, RemotingProxy> _wrappers = new Dictionary<long, RemotingProxy>();
			internal object _wrappersLock = new object();
			internal AutoResetEvent _collectWrappersEvent = new AutoResetEvent(false);
			internal bool _weCausedActualCollection;
			internal readonly object _registeredEventsLock = new object();
			internal Dictionary<EventInfo, Dictionary<Delegate, WeakList<object>>> _registeredEvents;

			private BaseDisposableThreadLocal _threadDatas = new BaseDisposableThreadLocal();
		
			[Serializable]
			private sealed class FakeNull
			{
			}
			private static readonly FakeNull _fakeNull = new FakeNull();
		#endregion

		#region Constructor
			/// <summary>
			/// Creates a new RemotingClient.
			/// </summary>
			public RemotingClient()
			{
				GCUtils.Collected += _Collected;
				_objectsUsedByTheOtherSide = new BidirectionalDictionary();
			}

			/// <summary>
			/// Creates a new RemotingClient with the given parameters
			/// </summary>
			public RemotingClient(RemotingParameters parameters):
				base(parameters)
			{
				GCUtils.Collected += _Collected;
				_objectsUsedByTheOtherSide = new BidirectionalDictionary();
			}
		#endregion
		#region Dispose
			/// <summary>
			/// Frees the unmanaged resources of this RemotingClient.
			/// </summary>
			protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
			{
				if (disposing)
				{
					GCUtils.Collected -= _Collected;

					var collectWrappersEvent = _collectWrappersEvent;
					if (collectWrappersEvent != null)
						_collectWrappersEvent.Set();

					Disposer.Dispose(ref _channeller);
					Disposer.Dispose(ref _objectsUsedByTheOtherSide);
					Disposer.Dispose(ref _threadDatas);

					var registeredEventsLock = _registeredEventsLock;
					if (registeredEventsLock != null)
					{
						lock(registeredEventsLock)
						{
							var registeredEvents = _registeredEvents;
							if (registeredEvents != null)
							{
								foreach(var pair in registeredEvents)
								{
									var eventInfo = pair.Key;
									var delegateDictionary = pair.Value;

									foreach(var pair2 in delegateDictionary)
									{
										var handler = pair2.Key;
										var weakList = pair2.Value;

										foreach(object obj in weakList)
											eventInfo.RemoveEventHandler(obj, handler);
									}
								}
							}
						}
					}

					var disposed = Disposed;
					if (disposed != null)
						disposed(this, null);
				}

				base.Dispose(disposing);
			}
		#endregion
		#region _Collected
			private void _Collected()
			{
				if (!_weCausedActualCollection)
				{
					var collectWrappersEvent = _collectWrappersEvent;
					if (collectWrappersEvent != null)
						_collectWrappersEvent.Set();
				}

				try
				{
					lock(_registeredEventsLock)
					{
						var oldRegisteredEvents = _registeredEvents;

						if (oldRegisteredEvents != null)
						{
							var newRegisteredEvents = new Dictionary<EventInfo, Dictionary<Delegate, WeakList<object>>>();
							foreach(var pair in oldRegisteredEvents)
							{
								var delegateDictionary = pair.Value;
								var newDelegateDictionary = new Dictionary<Delegate, WeakList<object>>();

								foreach(var pair2 in delegateDictionary)
								{
									if (pair2.Value.Count > 0)
										newDelegateDictionary.Add(pair2.Key, pair2.Value);
								}

								if (newDelegateDictionary.Count > 0)
									newRegisteredEvents.Add(pair.Key, newDelegateDictionary);
							}

							if (newRegisteredEvents.Count > 0)
								_registeredEvents = newRegisteredEvents;
							else
								_registeredEvents = null;
						}
					}
				}
				catch
				{
					var channeller = _channeller;
					if (!WasDisposed && channeller != null && !channeller.WasDisposed)
						throw;
				}
			}
		#endregion

		#region Properties
			#region ExecutingClient
				[ThreadStatic]
				private static RemotingClient _executingClient;

				/// <summary>
				/// Gets the RemotingClient that invoked the actual method, directly or indirectly.
				/// Will return null if the actual method was not invoked by a remote call.
				/// </summary>
				public static RemotingClient ExecutingClient
				{
					get
					{
						return _executingClient;
					}
				}
			#endregion
			#region Channeller
				/// <summary>
				/// Gets the channeller used by this remoting client.
				/// </summary>
				public IChanneller Channeller
				{
					get
					{
						return _channeller;
					}
				}
			#endregion

			#region IsStarted
				private bool _isStarted;
				/// <summary>
				/// Gets a value indicating if Start was already called or not.
				/// </summary>
				public bool IsStarted
				{
					get
					{
						return _isStarted;
					}
				}
			#endregion
		#endregion
		#region Methods
			#region GetFromRemoteObject
				/// <summary>
				/// Gets the RemotingClient that created the given remote object.
				/// Returns null if the object is not remote.
				/// </summary>
				public static RemotingClient GetFromRemoteObject(object obj)
				{
					BaseImplementedProxy baseImplementedProxy = obj as BaseImplementedProxy;
					if (baseImplementedProxy == null)
						return null;

					object fieldValue = baseImplementedProxy._proxyObject;
					RemotingProxy remotingProxy = fieldValue as RemotingProxy;
					if (remotingProxy == null)
						return null;

					return remotingProxy.RemotingClient;
				}
			#endregion

			#region Start
				/// <summary>
				/// Starts this remoting client.
				/// Parameters will not accept changes anymore.
				/// </summary>
				public void Start(IChanneller channeller)
				{
					if (channeller == null)
						throw new ArgumentException("channeller can't be null.");

					CheckThread();

					if (_isStarted)
						throw new RemotingException("This RemotingClient is already running.");

					_parameters._isReadOnly = true;
					_isStarted = true;

					_channeller = channeller;
					channeller.ChannelCreated += _RunAsServer;
					channeller.Start();

					UnlimitedThreadPool.Run(_CollectWrappers);
				}

				/// <summary>
				/// Starts this RemotingClient.
				/// </summary>
				public void Start(string hostname, int port)
				{
					Start(HybridChanneller.Connect(hostname, port, DefaultBufferSizePerChannel));
				}
			#endregion
			#region Disconnect
				/// <summary>
				/// Disconnects the active connection.
				/// This may end-up disposing the RemotingClient if it does not supports reconnections.
				/// </summary>
				public void Disconnect()
				{
					var channeller = _channeller;
					if (channeller != null)
						channeller.Dispose();
				}
			#endregion

			#region _CreateConnectionIfNeeded
				private object _connectLock = new object();
				internal void _CreateConnectionIfNeeded()
				{
					CheckUndisposed();
			
					if (!_isStarted)
						throw new RemotingException("You must call Start().");
				}
			#endregion

			#region _GetWrappedDelegate
				internal object _GetWrappedDelegate(WrappedDelegate wrappedDelegate)
				{
					long id = wrappedDelegate.Id;

					RemotingProxyDelegate proxy = new RemotingProxyDelegate(this, id);
					var result = DelegateProxier.Proxy(proxy, wrappedDelegate.DelegateType);
					proxy.ImplementedDelegate = result;

					lock(_wrappersLock)
						_wrappers.Add(id, proxy);

					return result;
				}
			#endregion
			#region _GetWrappedObject
				internal object _GetWrappedObject(Wrapped wrappedObject)
				{
					RemotingProxyObject proxy = new RemotingProxyObject(this, wrappedObject);
					var result = InterfaceProxier.Proxy(proxy, wrappedObject.InterfaceTypes);
					proxy.ImplementedObject = result;

					lock(_wrappersLock)
						_wrappers.Add(wrappedObject.Id, proxy);

					return result;
				}
			#endregion
			#region _GetReferencedObject
				internal object _GetReferencedObject(RemotingSerializer serializer, Reference reference)
				{
					RemotingProxy result;
					if (!_wrappers.TryGetValue(reference.Id, out result))
						throw new RemotingException("Got a reference to an inexisting wrapper.");

					RemotingProxyObject proxyObj = result as RemotingProxyObject;
					if (proxyObj != null)
						return proxyObj.ImplementedObject;

					RemotingProxyDelegate delegateProxy = (RemotingProxyDelegate)result;
					return delegateProxy.ImplementedDelegate;
				}
			#endregion
			#region _GetThreadData
				private ThreadData _GetThreadData()
				{
					var thread = Thread.CurrentThread;

					var theadDatas = _threadDatas;
					lock(theadDatas._lock)
					{
						DisposeAssurer disposeCaller;
						if (theadDatas._dictionary.TryGetValue(thread, out disposeCaller))
							return (ThreadData)disposeCaller.Value;

						var threadData = new ThreadData(_channeller.CreateChannel(), this);
						disposeCaller = DisposeAssurer.Create((IDisposable)threadData);
						theadDatas._dictionary.Add(thread, disposeCaller);
						return threadData;
					}
				}
			#endregion
			#region _Invoke
				internal object _Invoke(Instruction instruction)
				{
					var threadData = _GetThreadData();

					threadData.Serialize(instruction);

					object resultObject;
					while(true)
					{
						try
						{
							resultObject = threadData.Deserialize();
						}
						catch(Exception exception)
						{
							Dispose(exception);

							throw;
						}

						instruction = resultObject as Instruction;
						if (instruction == null)
							break;

						instruction.Run(this, threadData);
					}

					RemotingResult result = (RemotingResult)resultObject;
					var exception2 = result.Exception;
					if (exception2 != null)
						throw exception2;

					var resultValue = result.Value;
					return resultValue;
				}
				internal object _Invoke(Instruction instruction, MethodInfo methodInfo, object[] outParameters)
				{
					var threadData = _GetThreadData();

					threadData.Serialize(instruction);

					object resultObject;
					while(true)
					{
						try
						{
							resultObject = threadData.Deserialize();
						}
						catch(Exception exception)
						{
							Dispose(exception);

							throw;
						}

						instruction = resultObject as Instruction;
						if (instruction == null)
							break;

						instruction.Run(this, threadData);
					}

					RemotingResult result = (RemotingResult)resultObject;
					var exception2 = result.Exception;
					if (exception2 != null)
						throw exception2;

					_ProcessOut(methodInfo, result.OutValues, outParameters);

					var resultValue = result.Value;
					return resultValue;
				}
			#endregion

			#region _CollectWrappers
				private void _CollectWrappers()
				{
					try
					{
						ThreadData threadData = null;
						while(true)
						{
							_collectWrappersEvent.WaitOne();

							if (WasDisposed)
								return;

							if (threadData == null)
								threadData = _GetThreadData();

							lock(_objectsUsedByTheOtherSide.DisposeLock)
							{
								if (WasDisposed)
									return;

								if (_objectsUsedByTheOtherSide._dictionary1.Count < 2)
									continue;

								threadData.Serialize(InstructionCollect.Instance);
								long[] collectedIds = (long[])threadData.DeserializeNoLock();
								_objectsUsedByTheOtherSide.RemoveIds(collectedIds);
							}
						}
					}
					catch(Exception exception)
					{
						Dispose(exception);
					}
					finally
					{
						Disposer.Dispose(ref _collectWrappersEvent);
					}
				}
			#endregion


			#region _RunAsServer
				private void _RunAsServer(object sender, ChannelCreatedEventArgs args)
				{
					var data = args.Data;
					if (data != null)
					{
						if (data is FakeNull)
							args.Data = null;

						OnUserChannelCreated(args);

						return;
					}

					try
					{
						var channel = args.Channel;

						var thread = Thread.CurrentThread;
						var threadData = new ThreadData(channel, this);

						_threadDatas._Value = threadData;

						while(true)
						{
							object instructionObject;

							instructionObject = threadData.Deserialize();
							var instruction = (Instruction)instructionObject;

							var oldExecutingClient = _executingClient;
							try
							{
								_executingClient = this;
								instruction.Run(this, threadData);
							}
							finally
							{
								_executingClient = oldExecutingClient;
							}
						}
					}
					catch(Exception exception)
					{
						if (!WasDisposed && _channeller.WasDisposed)
							Dispose(exception);
					}
				}
			#endregion

			#region CreateUserChannel
				/// <summary>
				/// Creates an stream to communicate to the other side, without opening a new tcp ip port.
				/// </summary>
				public IChannel CreateUserChannel(object serializableData = null)
				{
					_CreateConnectionIfNeeded();

					if (serializableData == null)
						serializableData = _fakeNull;

					var result = _channeller.CreateChannel(serializableData);
					return result;
				}
			#endregion

			#region InvokeStaticMethod
				/// <summary>
				/// Invokes a registered static method on the other side.
				/// </summary>
				public object InvokeStaticMethod(string methodName, params object[] parameters)
				{
					_CreateConnectionIfNeeded();
					var instruction = new InstructionInvokeStaticMethod();

					instruction.MethodName = methodName;
					instruction.Parameters = parameters;

					return _Invoke(instruction);
				}
			#endregion
			#region Create
				/// <summary>
				/// Creates a registered object on the other side.
				/// </summary>
				public object Create(string name, params object[] parameters)
				{
					_CreateConnectionIfNeeded();
					var instruction = new InstructionCreateObject();

					instruction.Name = name;
					instruction.Parameters = parameters;

					return _Invoke(instruction);
				}

				/// <summary>
				/// Creates an interface registered on the other side, using its default name and constructor.
				/// </summary>
				public T Create<T>()
				{
					return (T)Create(typeof(T).FullName);
				}
			#endregion

			#region Out Values in General
				private static readonly Dictionary<MethodInfo, int[]> _outIndexesDictionary = new Dictionary<MethodInfo, int[]>();
				private static readonly ReaderWriterLockSlim _outIndexesDictionaryLock = new ReaderWriterLockSlim();
				internal static int[] _GetOutIndexes(MethodInfo methodInfo)
				{
					bool result;
					int[] outIndexes;
					using(_outIndexesDictionaryLock.ReadLock())
						result = _outIndexesDictionary.TryGetValue(methodInfo, out outIndexes);

					if (!result)
					{
						using(_outIndexesDictionaryLock.UpgradeableLock())
						{
							result = _outIndexesDictionary.TryGetValue(methodInfo, out outIndexes);
							if (result)
								return outIndexes;

							List<int> list = new List<int>();
							int parameterIndex = -1;
							foreach(var parameter in methodInfo.GetParameters())
							{
								parameterIndex++;

								if (parameter.ParameterType.IsByRef)
									list.Add(parameterIndex);
							}

							if (list.Count > 0)
								outIndexes = list.ToArray();

							using(_outIndexesDictionaryLock.WriteLock())
								_outIndexesDictionary.Add(methodInfo, outIndexes);
						}
					}

					return outIndexes;
				}
				private static void _ProcessOut(MethodInfo methodInfo, object[] resultOutParameters, object[] outParameters)
				{
					if (resultOutParameters == null)
						return;

					var outIndexes = _GetOutIndexes(methodInfo);
					int resultIndex = -1;
					foreach(int index in outIndexes)
					{
						resultIndex++;

						outParameters[index] = resultOutParameters[resultIndex];
					}
				}
				internal static object[] _GetOutValues(MethodInfo methodInfo, object[] outParameters)
				{
					if (outParameters == null)
						return null;

					var outIndexes = _GetOutIndexes(methodInfo);
					if (outIndexes == null)
						return null;

					int count = outIndexes.Length;
					object[] result = new object[count];
					for(int i=0; i<count; i++)
					{
						int index = outIndexes[i];
						result[i] = outParameters[index];
					}
					return result;
				}
			#endregion
		#endregion
		#region Events
			#region Disposed
				/// <summary>
				/// Event invoked when this RemotingClient is disposed.
				/// To guarantee that it will be invoked, set this event in the RemotingClientParameters before
				/// creating it.
				/// </summary>
				public event EventHandler Disposed;
			#endregion
		#endregion
	}
}