The new WPF GridView customized 1 of 3

Abstract

This article explains how to get data from many sources and add them to a gridview (WPF). Create the gridview and after customize it in a WPF application.

Index

• Introduction
• Prerequisites
• Creating the Gridview
• XML Databinding
  • Renember XML and .net 2.0
  • XML Binding using only XAML
  • XML Binding using XAML and C#
• SQL Server Binding
• Access Binding
• MySql Binding
• Customizing the Gridview
  • Customize the header
  • Customize the background
  • Customize the rows

Introduction

The gridview is one of the possiblities to show a listview, you can customize it in many ways, at the moment there's few information and its customization is not very well implemented in Blend yet (you can't design it without viewing XAML code). Another matter is that in Blend you can bind XML data but what happen with the rest of datasources, how I dont see anyway in XAML I show how to Bind to XAML from C#.

Prerequisites

To get successful with the article you wil need the next software:

• Visual Studio 2005 C# (Or Express C# Orcas).
• WPF Extensions for VS2005 (included in Orcas).
• Framework 3.0
• MS Expression Blend.
• SQL Server 2005 Express (optional).
• MS Access 2003 or higher (optional).
• MySql Server (optional).

Creating the gridview

First of all create a new project, type project C# NET Framework 3.0: Window Application (WPF).

Now add a ListView (not a ListBox), from "All Controls" section in toolbox, and change the Name to "DataList", you will have a code like:

<Window x:Class="sample1.Window1"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation">http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    Title="sample1" Height="320" Width="500"
    >
    <Grid>
    <ListView Margin="0,0,0,50" Name="DataList" />
  </Grid>
</Window>

Take a look to the Window.g.cs code, if is added the internal DataList will be ok, if not add the next line:

internal System.Windows.Controls.ListView DataList;

You don't need to initializate it because it exists in the XAML section. Run the project to be sure all is working.

XML Databinding

Here I explain in a code explanation how to bind from xml using only xaml (static version) and then from xml with XAML and C# (my favourite way) because is easier to change on runtime the source.

I will use in this section the next called "data.xml" file:

 <Customers>
  <Customer>
 <Code>1234</Code>
 <Name>EPI</Name>
 <Country>Sesame Street</Country>
  </Customer>
  <Customer>
 <Code>3234</Code>
 <Name>Paul</Name>
 <Country>United Kingdom</Country>
  </Customer>
 <Customer>
 <Code>3344</Code>
 <Name>Juan</Name>
 <Country>Spain</Country>
  </Customer>
 <Customer>
 <Code>4321</Code>
 <Name>Dodo</Name>
 <Country>Mars</Country>
  </Customer>
</Customers>

Renember XML and .net 2.0

To bind XML data to a DataGridView in .net 2.0, you have to add the next code:

string file = "data.xml";
DataSet ds = new DataSet("Table");
ds.ReadXml(file);
dG1.DataSource = ds.Tables[0].DefaultView;

and you will have a fast way to show data:

XML binding using only XAML

In this case, first you have to create a new Window.Resource:

<Window.Resources>
    <XmlDataProvider x:Key="CustomersDS" Source="C:\data.xml"/>
</Window.Resources>

and now we have to change the listview to have a gridview aspect:

<ListView Margin="0,0,0,50" ItemTemplate="{DynamicResource CustomerTemplate}" ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource CustomersDS}, XPath=/Customers/Customer}">
      <ListView.View>
        <GridView>
          <GridViewColumn Header="Code" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding XPath=Code}"/>
          <GridViewColumn Header="Name" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding XPath=Name}"/>
          <GridViewColumn Header="Country" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding XPath=Country}"/>
        </GridView>
      </ListView.View>
</ListView>

With this method you will have a static XML binding using only XAML:

XML binding using XAML and C#

Generate the "data.xml" shown before, and (that's the way I like code), create the method OnLoad. To do that add the "Loaded" event to the XAML <window> tag:

<Window x:Class="WindowsApplication7.Window1"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation">http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"

    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"

    ...
    Loaded="OnLoad"
>

And in the window1.xaml.cs add the namespace using System.Data; and the method:

public void OnLoad(Object o, EventArgs e)
{
            string file = @"c:\data.xml";
            DataSet ds = new DataSet("Table");
            ds.ReadXml(file);
            List1.DataContext = ds.Tables[0].DefaultView;
}

Now you have to assign the link between "Table" and "BindingPath" in the XAML with the next code:

<Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot">
    <ListView Name="List1" Margin="35,34,212,123" ItemTemplate="{DynamicResource CustomerTemplate}" ItemsSource="{Binding Path=Table}">
      <ListView.View>
        <GridView>
          <GridViewColumn Header="Code" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=Code}"/>
          <GridViewColumn Header="Name" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=Name}"/>
          <GridViewColumn Header="Country" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=Country}"/>
        </GridView>
      </ListView.View>
    </ListView>
</Grid>

To understand better the link between XAML and C# take a look to this diagram:

Loaded Calls OnLoad that fills the table and paints on gridview. I like this way because you can change easily the datasource.

SQL Server Binding

Create a new database call "Customers" and create inside the table "customers" with this structure:

Y añadimos datos de ejemplo en la tabla:

Renember that the user must have a role to access to this database and activate datareader and datawriter:

Now add the namespace: using System.Data.SqlClient; and the modify the previous OnLoad method to have:

public void OnLoad(Object o, EventArgs e)
{
    string s_command = "SELECT Code,Name,Country FROM customers";
    SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection();
    SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter();
    SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand();
    command.CommandText = s_command;
    adapter.SelectCommand = command;
    connection.ConnectionString = "Data Source=192.168.10.9,1433;Initial Catalog=Customers;Network Library=DBMSSOCN;User ID=temporalguest;Password='';";
    command.Connection = connection;
    DataSet ds = new DataSet();
    adapter.Fill(ds,"Table");
    List1.DataContext = ds.Tables[0].DefaultView;
    connection.Close();
} 

NOTE: The SQL queries are not casesensitives, the XAML are CASESENSITIVES so, the name of the columns have to be the same of the name of DisplayMemberBinding.

Access DataBinding

Open Access and create a new database called "customers.mdb" and add inside the table "customers" like the previous section.

Add the namespace using System.Data.OleDb; and simply modify the OnLoad method to the next:

public void OnLoad(Object o, EventArgs e)
{
   string s_command = "SELECT Code,Name,Country FROM customers";
   OleDbConnection connection = new OleDbConnection();
   OleDbDataAdapter adapter = new OleDbDataAdapter();
   OleDbCommand command = new OleDbCommand();
   command.CommandText = s_command;
   adapter.SelectCommand = command;
   connection.ConnectionString = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data source=C:\customers.mdb";
   connection.Open();
   command.Connection = connection;
   DataSet ds = new DataSet();
   adapter.Fill(ds);
   List1.DataContext = ds.Tables[0].DefaultView;
   connection.Close();
}

MySql Databinding

Requisites to have a successful compilation:

- Download and install the namespace MySql.Data from: http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/Connector-Net/mysql-connector-net-5.0.7.zip/from/pick#mirrors

- In the project, add the reference to MySql.Data from the solution explorer:

Being care we have correctly installed MySQLServer, simply add the namespace using MySql.Data.MySqlClient and change the OnLoad method to:

public void OnLoad(Object o, EventArgs e)
{
  string s_command = "SELECT Code,Name,Country FROM customers";
  MySqlConnection connection = new MySqlConnection();
  MySqlCommand command = new MySqlCommand();
  MySqlDataAdapter adapter = new MySqlDataAdapter();
  command.CommandText = s_command;
  adapter.SelectCommand = command;
  connection.ConnectionString = "Server=192.168.10.9;Database=Customers;User Id=temporalguest;Password=111111;";
  command.Connection = connection;
  DataSet ds = new DataSet();
  adapter.Fill(ds, "Table");
  List1.DataContext = ds.Tables[0].DefaultView;
  connection.Close();
}

Customizing the GridView

In this article I show how to customize the main aspects of the gridview, this is a strange control in WPF because is not accessible from Blend in design time, so here I explain how to customize it in XAML code.

Customize the header

If you want to customize the header of every column add the next code in the Listview tag:

<GridView ColumnHeaderTemplate="{StaticResource BlueHeader}">

In the case you want to customize per column add the next code:

<GridViewColumn Header="Code" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=Code}" HeaderTemplate="{StaticResource BlueHeader}" />

Now simply add the resource in the <Window> tag:

<Window.Resources>
    <DataTemplate x:Key="BlueHeader">
      <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Margin="-5,-5,-5,-5" Width="120">
        <StackPanel.Background>
          <LinearGradientBrush EndPoint="0.5,1" StartPoint="0.5,0">
            <GradientStop Color="#FF223B84" Offset="1"/>
            <GradientStop Color="#FF57A0F4" Offset="0.5"/>
            <GradientStop Color="#FF4B94EC" Offset="0.5"/>
          </LinearGradientBrush>
        </StackPanel.Background>
        <TextBlock Margin="10,10,10,10" Text="{Binding}" VerticalAlignment="Center"  Foreground="White"/>
        </StackPanel>
    </DataTemplate>
</Window.Resources>

Now we will have a gridview like:

Customize the Background

That's too easy, you can do it in Blend if you want, the code you need to add in the <ListView> tag is:

<ListView.Background>
        <LinearGradientBrush EndPoint="0.939,0.919" StartPoint="0.061,0.081">
          <GradientStop Color="#FFFFE07E" Offset="0"/>
          <GradientStop Color="#FFFFFAEA" Offset="1"/>
        </LinearGradientBrush>
</ListView.Background>

And then we will have:

Customize the rows

First let's change the typical style of the rows, to do that simply add the next XAML code in the <ListView> tag:

<ListView.ItemContainerStyle>
        <Style TargetType="{x:Type ListViewItem}"  >
          <Setter Property="Height" Value="24" />
          <Setter Property="Background" Value="#5EF4E057" />
          <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="#FF4B94EC"/>
        </Style>
</ListView.ItemContainerStyle>

Now add XAML code to change when the mouse is over, to do that add a XAML style trigger, with the typical and mouse over code you will have:

<ListView.ItemContainerStyle>
        <Style TargetType="{x:Type ListViewItem}"  >
          <Setter Property="Height" Value="24" />
          <Setter Property="Background" Value="#5EF4E057" />
          <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="#FF4B94EC"/>
          
          <Style.Triggers>
            <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="true">
              <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="DarkBlue" />
              <Setter Property="Background">
                <Setter.Value>
                  <LinearGradientBrush EndPoint="0.5,1" StartPoint="0.5,0">
                    <GradientStop Color="#FFFFC704" Offset="0.986"/>
                    <GradientStop Color="#FFF4E057" Offset="0.5"/>
                    <GradientStop Color="#FFF4E057" Offset="0.51"/>
                  </LinearGradientBrush>
                </Setter.Value>
              </Setter>
            </Trigger>
            
          </Style.Triggers>
        </Style>
</ListView.ItemContainerStyle>

and finally you will have a well styled gridview that was really hardcoding in previous versions of .net:

In Next Chapter...

I will explain:

• Adding data from an ArrayList.
• Grouping data in the gridview.
• More style customization.
• Editing data of the gridview.
• Adding controls to the gridview.

Release History

1.0 Original version of the article