Window Styles

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What's New:

Introduction:

This Article demonstrates the technique of creating different style Windows at run-time, by selecting various options on the displayed form view

Features:

You can create the following type of Windows

• Overlapped
• Child
• Popup
• Standard Dialog

You have the option of creating a Menu also

Windows can be created either

• Minimized
• Maxmiized
• To Size

Windows can have the following buttons

• Maximize
• Minimize
• System Menu

You can create the Window with default sizes and at the default position or specify the Left, Top Values and also the specify Width and Height

Note:

If you continue clicking on the "Create Window" button , Windows will be created one over the other as many times as you go on clicking , and will have to close each Window by clicking on the Close button as many times

About The Code:

//
//  Depending on the Type of Window to be created
//  we enable of disble various options as below
//
//  If you select the Overlapped Window option
//  the following checkboxes are Enabled / Disabled
void CMainForm::SetOverlappedProperties()
{
	GetDlgItem(IDC_DIALOGFRAME)->EnableWindow(FALSE);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_MINIMIZE_BOX)->EnableWindow(TRUE);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_MAXIMIZE_BOX)->EnableWindow(TRUE);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_SYSTEM_MENU)->EnableWindow(TRUE);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_DEFAULT_TOPLEFT)->EnableWindow(TRUE);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_DEFAULT_WIDTHHEIGHT)->EnableWindow(TRUE);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_TOP)->EnableWindow(FALSE);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_LEFT)->EnableWindow(FALSE);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_WIDTH)->EnableWindow(FALSE);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_HEIGHT)->EnableWindow(FALSE);
	m_DefaultTopLeft = m_DefaultWidthHeight = TRUE;
	m_MinimizeBox = m_MaximizeBox = m_SystemMenu = 
					m_Overlapped = TRUE;
	m_ToSize = TRUE;
	m_Popup = m_Child = FALSE;

	UpdateData(FALSE);	
}

//
//  If you select the Child Window option
//  the following checkboxes are Enabled / Disabled
//

void CMainForm::SetChildProperties()
{
	m_MinimizeBox = m_MaximizeBox = m_SystemMenu = m_Overlapped = 
					m_Popup = FALSE;
	m_ToSize = TRUE;
	m_Child = TRUE;
	GetDlgItem(IDC_DIALOGFRAME)->EnableWindow(TRUE);

	GetDlgItem(IDC_MINIMIZE_BOX)->EnableWindow(FALSE);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_MAXIMIZE_BOX)->EnableWindow(FALSE);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_SYSTEM_MENU)->EnableWindow(FALSE);

	GetDlgItem(IDC_CAPTION)->EnableWindow(TRUE);
	m_Caption = FALSE;

	UpdateData(FALSE);
		
}

//
//  If you select the Popup Window option
//  the following checkboxes are Enabled / Disabled
//

void CMainForm::SetPopupProperties()
{
	m_MinimizeBox = m_MaximizeBox = m_SystemMenu = 
		m_Overlapped = m_Child = FALSE;
	m_Popup = TRUE;

	m_ToSize = TRUE;
	m_SystemMenu = TRUE;
	GetDlgItem(IDC_MINIMIZE_BOX)->EnableWindow(TRUE);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_MAXIMIZE_BOX)->EnableWindow(TRUE);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_SYSTEM_MENU)->EnableWindow(TRUE);

	GetDlgItem(IDC_CAPTION)->EnableWindow(TRUE);
	m_Caption = FALSE;
	UpdateData(FALSE);		
}

//
//  If you select the Standard Window option
//  the following checkboxes are Enabled / Disabled
//
void CMainForm::SetStandardDialogProperties()
{
	CheckDlgButton(IDC_CAPTION, 1);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_CAPTION)->EnableWindow(TRUE);
	CheckDlgButton(IDC_SYSTEM_MENU,1);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_SYSTEM_MENU)->EnableWindow(TRUE);

	GetDlgItem(IDC_MINIMIZE_BOX)->EnableWindow(TRUE);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_MAXIMIZE_BOX)->EnableWindow(TRUE);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_SYSTEM_MENU)->EnableWindow(TRUE);
	
	CheckDlgButton(IDC_MAXIMIZE_BOX, 0);
	CheckDlgButton(IDC_MINIMIZE_BOX, 0);
	CheckDlgButton(IDC_MODAL_DIALOG_FRAME, 1);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_DEFAULT_WIDTHHEIGHT)->EnableWindow(FALSE);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_DEFAULT_TOPLEFT)->EnableWindow(FALSE);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_WIDTH)->EnableWindow(TRUE);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_HEIGHT)->EnableWindow(TRUE);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_TOP)->EnableWindow(TRUE);
	GetDlgItem(IDC_LEFT)->EnableWindow(TRUE);

	UpdateData(TRUE);
}

Lets take a look at the coding that goes into creating the Window at run-time after you have selected the necessary options and clicked on the "Create Window" button

//
//  First of all we have to register the class 
//  the name of the Class is specified as a String
//  Name of the class is passed to the my member 
//  function eg RegisterClass("MyWindowStyles")
//
//
BOOL CMainForm::RegisterClass(CString stringClass)
{
    WNDCLASS wndclass;

    wndclass.style = CS_DBLCLKS | CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
    wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
    wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
    wndclass.hInstance = AfxGetInstanceHandle();
    wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, _T(""));
    wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL,  IDC_ARROW );
    wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) (COLOR_WINDOW + 1);
    wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
    wndclass.lpszClassName = stringClass;

    if( !AfxRegisterClass( &wndclass ))
      {
        AfxMessageBox("Error Registering Class\n");
        return FALSE;
      }

	return TRUE;
}

//
//   Since the Window created at run-time cannot have its 
//   Messages in the Message Map of the Application , we
//   have the following procedure , which takes care
//   of the messages in the newly created Window
//
//   Note : WndProc is passed as the Windows procedure
//          to the above Registered Class as 
//
//          wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
//
//   This procedure allows us to Destroy the Created
//   Window which would otherwise not be possible

LRESULT FAR PASCAL WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	if(Message == WM_COMMAND)
	{
		DestroyWindow(hWnd);
	}

	return (DefWindowProc(hWnd, Message, wParam, lParam)); 
}
//
// If the Class was registered successfully
// we proceed with creating the Window
// With the CreateWindowEx function as below
//
//  The following variables passed to CreateWindowEx
//  contain information as selected on the Formview
//  dExtendedStyle  = Extended Window Styles
//  m_EditCaption   = Window Caption
//  dStyle          = Style of The Window
//  x               = Left Position of the Window
//  y               = Top Position of the WIndow
//  nWidth          = Width of the Window
//  nHeight         = Height of the Window
//  hMenu           = Menu (if Checked)
//                    (Menu is created in the Resources)
//

 
hWndMain = CreateWindowEx(
                dExtendedStyle,
                szClassName,           
                m_EditCaption,         
                dStyle,
                x,                     
                y,
                nWidth,                
                nHeight,                  
                this->m_hWnd,  
                hMenu,                    
                AfxGetInstanceHandle(), 
                NULL);                  

 if(!hWndMain)
 {
	AfxMessageBox("Error Creating Window");
	return;
 }

//
//
//  We create a button on the newly 
//  created Window , to enable us to close
//  the Window in case the created Window 
//  did not have the Menu option enabled or
//  Window cannot have a Menu as a Standard
//
//

HWND hwndBtn = CreateWindow(_T("BUTTON"),
                            _T("&Close"), 
                            WS_VISIBLE|
                            WS_CHILD|
                            BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON, 
                            30,20,90,30,
                            hWndMain,
                            (HMENU)ID_CLOSE_BUTTON, 
                            NULL,
                            NULL); 

//
//  Finally we Display the Window as shown below
//

 ::ShowWindow(hWndMain, SW_SHOW);

Happy Windowing !!!!!