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GeneralRe: Your mileage may vary Pin
W Balboos, GHB10-Dec-20 3:07
W Balboos, GHB10-Dec-20 3:07 
GeneralRe: Your mileage may vary Pin
Gerry Schmitz10-Dec-20 4:41
mveGerry Schmitz10-Dec-20 4:41 
GeneralRe: Your mileage may vary Pin
W Balboos, GHB10-Dec-20 5:15
W Balboos, GHB10-Dec-20 5:15 
GeneralRe: Your mileage may vary Pin
Marc Clifton10-Dec-20 5:15
mvaMarc Clifton10-Dec-20 5:15 
GeneralArticle Wizard Borked Pin
#realJSOP9-Dec-20 12:31
mve#realJSOP9-Dec-20 12:31 
GeneralRe: Article Wizard Borked Pin
Rage9-Dec-20 20:23
professionalRage9-Dec-20 20:23 
GeneralRe: Article Wizard Borked Pin
RickZeeland9-Dec-20 20:27
mveRickZeeland9-Dec-20 20:27 
GeneralHow do you create extremely low temperatures? Pin
trønderen9-Dec-20 11:06
trønderen9-Dec-20 11:06 
This is way beyond my professional field. I have no clue at all, that is why I ask:

This corona vaccine must be stored at -70C or lower. The common technology for a fridge, a freezer or a heat pump, is to spray some cooling liquid through a nozzle so that it goes from a liquid to a gas - 'evaporates', if you like. This state transition draw a lot of energy from the environment. But there is a limit to that. If the evaporated gas never goes below, say, -35C, then the environment will not be drawn below that.

So how to you, artificially, create extremely low temperatures? I guess that there exist (most likely extremely expensive) fluids that, by evaporation, can go several degrees below what is used in our deep freezers. But 'several degrees' is not enough when you need forty to fifty of those degrees... The learning I did in my school days simply doesn't cut it!

How to they create super-cold temperatures nowadays? I'd be satisfied with appropriate links to replace explanations. Even suggestions for focused google search terms would be nice!
GeneralRe: How do you create extremely low temperatures? Pin
Randor 9-Dec-20 11:23
professional Randor 9-Dec-20 11:23 
GeneralRe: How do you create extremely low temperatures? Pin
Chris Maunder9-Dec-20 11:24
cofounderChris Maunder9-Dec-20 11:24 
GeneralRe: How do you create extremely low temperatures? Pin
Chris Maunder9-Dec-20 11:23
cofounderChris Maunder9-Dec-20 11:23 
GeneralRe: How do you create extremely low temperatures? Pin
Mycroft Holmes9-Dec-20 12:26
professionalMycroft Holmes9-Dec-20 12:26 
GeneralRe: How do you create extremely low temperatures? Pin
Chris Maunder9-Dec-20 12:53
cofounderChris Maunder9-Dec-20 12:53 
GeneralRe: How do you create extremely low temperatures? Pin
Jörgen Andersson9-Dec-20 11:25
professionalJörgen Andersson9-Dec-20 11:25 
GeneralRe: How do you create extremely low temperatures? Pin
BobbyStrain9-Dec-20 11:43
BobbyStrain9-Dec-20 11:43 
GeneralRe: How do you create extremely low temperatures? Pin
OriginalGriff9-Dec-20 11:27
mveOriginalGriff9-Dec-20 11:27 
GeneralRe: How do you create extremely low temperatures? Pin
Gary R. Wheeler9-Dec-20 13:30
Gary R. Wheeler9-Dec-20 13:30 
GeneralRe: How do you create extremely low temperatures? Pin
raddevus9-Dec-20 11:46
mvaraddevus9-Dec-20 11:46 
GeneralRe: How do you create extremely low temperatures? Pin
Mike Hankey9-Dec-20 12:02
mveMike Hankey9-Dec-20 12:02 
GeneralRe: How do you create extremely low temperatures? Pin
#realJSOP9-Dec-20 12:20
mve#realJSOP9-Dec-20 12:20 
GeneralRe: How do you create extremely low temperatures? Pin
DRHuff9-Dec-20 13:49
DRHuff9-Dec-20 13:49 
GeneralRe: How do you create extremely low temperatures? Pin
Rage9-Dec-20 20:18
professionalRage9-Dec-20 20:18 
GeneralRe: How do you create extremely low temperatures? Pin
GenJerDan9-Dec-20 22:37
GenJerDan9-Dec-20 22:37 
GeneralRe: How do you create extremely low temperatures? Pin
Maximilien10-Dec-20 0:28
Maximilien10-Dec-20 0:28 
GeneralRe: How do you create extremely low temperatures? Pin
W Balboos, GHB10-Dec-20 3:26
W Balboos, GHB10-Dec-20 3:26 

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