Can we use USART for RS232 data ?

Quote:

using UART for RS232 port and the data was receiving properly

As OriginalGriff noted, logic levels usually differ. The above statement leads me to believe that either it is not a simple UART, or the RS232 does not follow the rules.
USART chips are "extensions" of the simple UART chips that additionally support synchronous communication modes.
So it could be that for the USART other (or more) settings are required, or the levels have changed due to the change. I would look first at the communication with an oscilloscope or similar and compare it with the working connection.