BounceBall - XNA Farseer Magic

#region File Description

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// ScreenManager.cs
//
// Microsoft XNA Community Game Platform
// Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#endregion

using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input.Touch;
namespace FarseerXNABase.ScreenSystem
{
    /// <summary>
    /// The screen manager is a component which manages one or more GameScreen
    /// instances. It maintains a stack of screens, calls their Update and Draw
    /// methods at the appropriate times, and automatically routes input to the
    /// topmost active screen.
    /// </summary>
    public class ScreenManager : DrawableGameComponent
    {
        public Camera2D Camera;
        public ContentManager ContentManager;

        /// <summary>
        /// Contains all the fonts avaliable for use.
        /// </summary>
        public SpriteFonts SpriteFonts;

        /// <summary>
        /// If true, the manager prints out a list of all the screens
        /// each time it is updated. This can be useful for making sure
        /// everything is being added and removed at the right times.
        /// </summary>
        public bool TraceEnabled;

        private Texture2D _blankTexture;
        private InputHelper _input = new InputHelper();
        private bool _isInitialized;

        private List<GameScreen> _screens = new List<GameScreen>();
        private List<GameScreen> _screensToUpdate = new List<GameScreen>();

        private SpriteBatch _spriteBatch;
        private List<RenderTarget2D> _transitions = new List<RenderTarget2D>();

        /// <summary>
        /// Constructs a new screen manager component.
        /// </summary>
        public ScreenManager(Game game)
            : base(game)
        {
            // we must set EnabledGestures before we can query for them, but
            // we don't assume the game wants to read them.
            TouchPanel.EnabledGestures = GestureType.None;
            ContentManager = game.Content;
            ContentManager.RootDirectory = "Content";
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// A default SpriteBatch shared by all the screens. This saves
        /// each screen having to bother creating their own local instance.
        /// </summary>
        public SpriteBatch SpriteBatch
        {
            get { return _spriteBatch; }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes the screen manager component.
        /// </summary>
        public override void Initialize()
        {
            SpriteFonts = new SpriteFonts(ContentManager);

            base.Initialize();

            _isInitialized = true;
        }

        public void ResetTargets()
        {
            _transitions.Clear();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Load your graphics content.
        /// </summary>
        protected override void LoadContent()
        {
            _spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice);
            _blankTexture = ContentManager.Load<Texture2D>("Common/blank");
            Camera = new Camera2D(GraphicsDevice);


            // Tell each of the screens to load their content.
            foreach (GameScreen screen in _screens)
            {
                screen.LoadContent();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Unload your graphics content.
        /// </summary>
        protected override void UnloadContent()
        {
            // Tell each of the screens to unload their content.
            foreach (GameScreen screen in _screens)
            {
                screen.UnloadContent();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Allows each screen to run logic.
        /// </summary>
        public override void Update(GameTime gameTime)
        {
            // Read the keyboard and gamepad.
            _input.Update();

            // Update the camera
            Camera.Update();

            // Make a copy of the master screen list, to avoid confusion if
            // the process of updating one screen adds or removes others.
            _screensToUpdate.Clear();

            foreach (GameScreen screen in _screens)
                _screensToUpdate.Add(screen);

            bool otherScreenHasFocus = !Game.IsActive;
            bool coveredByOtherScreen = false;

            // Loop as long as there are screens waiting to be updated.
            while (_screensToUpdate.Count > 0)
            {
                // Pop the topmost screen off the waiting list.
                GameScreen screen = _screensToUpdate[_screensToUpdate.Count - 1];

                _screensToUpdate.RemoveAt(_screensToUpdate.Count - 1);

                // Update the screen.
                screen.Update(gameTime, otherScreenHasFocus, coveredByOtherScreen);

                if (screen.ScreenState == ScreenState.TransitionOn ||
                    screen.ScreenState == ScreenState.Active)
                {
                    // If this is the first active screen we came across,
                    // give it a chance to handle input.
                    if (!otherScreenHasFocus)
                    {
                        screen.HandleInput(_input);

                        otherScreenHasFocus = true;
                    }

                    // If this is an active non-popup, inform any subsequent
                    // screens that they are covered by it.
                    if (!screen.IsPopup)
                        coveredByOtherScreen = true;
                }
            }

            // Print debug trace?
            if (TraceEnabled)
                TraceScreens();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Prints a list of all the screens, for debugging.
        /// </summary>
        private void TraceScreens()
        {
            List<string> screenNames = new List<string>();

            foreach (GameScreen screen in _screens)
                screenNames.Add(screen.GetType().Name);

            Debug.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", screenNames.ToArray()));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Tells each screen to draw itself.
        /// </summary>
        public override void Draw(GameTime gameTime)
        {
            int transitionCount = 0;
            foreach (GameScreen screen in _screens)
            {
                if (screen.ScreenState == ScreenState.TransitionOn ||
                    screen.ScreenState == ScreenState.TransitionOff)
                {
                    ++transitionCount;
                    if (_transitions.Count < transitionCount)
                    {
                        PresentationParameters _pp = GraphicsDevice.PresentationParameters;
                        _transitions.Add(new RenderTarget2D(GraphicsDevice, _pp.BackBufferWidth, _pp.BackBufferHeight,
                                                            false,
                                                            SurfaceFormat.Color, DepthFormat.Depth24Stencil8, _pp.MultiSampleCount,
                                                            RenderTargetUsage.DiscardContents));
                    }
                    GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(_transitions[transitionCount - 1]);
                    GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Transparent);
                    screen.Draw(gameTime);
                    GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null);
                }
            }

            GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.White);

            transitionCount = 0;
            foreach (GameScreen screen in _screens)
            {
                if (screen.ScreenState == ScreenState.Hidden)
                    continue;

                if (screen.ScreenState == ScreenState.TransitionOn ||
                    screen.ScreenState == ScreenState.TransitionOff)
                {
                    if (screen.ScreenState == ScreenState.TransitionOff && screen is PhysicsGameScreen)
                    {
                        Vector2 _translate = Camera.ScreenCenter +
                                             (new Vector2(64, Camera.ScreenHeight - 64) - Camera.ScreenCenter) *
                                             screen.TransitionPosition * screen.TransitionPosition;
                        float rotation = -4f * screen.TransitionPosition * screen.TransitionPosition;
                        float scale = screen.TransitionAlpha * screen.TransitionAlpha;
                        _spriteBatch.Begin();
                        _spriteBatch.Draw(_transitions[transitionCount],
                                          _translate, null,
                                          Color.White * screen.TransitionAlpha,
                                          rotation, Camera.ScreenCenter, scale, 0, 0);
                        _spriteBatch.End();
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        _spriteBatch.Begin();
                        _spriteBatch.Draw(_transitions[transitionCount], Vector2.Zero, Color.White * screen.TransitionAlpha);
                        _spriteBatch.End();

                    }
                    ++transitionCount;
                }
                else
                {
                    screen.Draw(gameTime);
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Adds a new screen to the screen manager.
        /// </summary>
        public void AddScreen(GameScreen screen, PlayerIndex? controllingPlayer)
        {
            screen.ControllingPlayer = controllingPlayer;
            screen.ScreenManager = this;
            screen.IsExiting = false;

            // If we have a graphics device, tell the screen to load content.
            if (_isInitialized)
            {
                screen.LoadContent();
            }

            _screens.Add(screen);

            // update the TouchPanel to respond to gestures this screen is interested in
            TouchPanel.EnabledGestures = screen.EnabledGestures;

            screen.FirstRun = false;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Removes a screen from the screen manager. You should normally
        /// use GameScreen.ExitScreen instead of calling this directly, so
        /// the screen can gradually transition off rather than just being
        /// instantly removed.
        /// </summary>
        public void RemoveScreen(GameScreen screen)
        {
            // If we have a graphics device, tell the screen to unload content.
            if (_isInitialized)
            {
                screen.UnloadContent();
            }

            _screens.Remove(screen);
            _screensToUpdate.Remove(screen);

            // if there is a screen still in the manager, update TouchPanel
            // to respond to gestures that screen is interested in.
            if (_screens.Count > 0)
            {
                TouchPanel.EnabledGestures = _screens[_screens.Count - 1].EnabledGestures;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Expose an array holding all the screens. We return a copy rather
        /// than the real master list, because screens should only ever be added
        /// or removed using the AddScreen and RemoveScreen methods.
        /// </summary>
        public GameScreen[] GetScreens()
        {
            return _screens.ToArray();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Helper draws a translucent black fullscreen sprite, used for fading
        /// screens in and out, and for darkening the background behind popups.
        /// </summary>
        public void FadeBackBufferToBlack(float alpha)
        {
            Viewport viewport = GraphicsDevice.Viewport;

            _spriteBatch.Begin();

            _spriteBatch.Draw(_blankTexture,
                              new Rectangle(0, 0, viewport.Width, viewport.Height),
                              Color.Black * alpha);

            _spriteBatch.End();
        }
    }
}