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ASP.NET WebAPI: Getting Started with MVC4 and WebAPI

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17 Dec 2013CPOL12 min read 1.2M   33.8K   325  
ASP.NET Web API is a framework for building and consuming HTTP services that can reach a broad range of clients including browsers, phones, and tablets.
/*!
* Note:  While Microsoft is not the author of this script file, Microsoft
* grants you the right to use this file for the sole purpose of either: 
* (i) interacting through your browser with the Microsoft website, subject 
* to the website's terms of use; or (ii) using the files as included with a
* Microsoft product subject to the Microsoft Software License Terms for that
* Microsoft product. Microsoft reserves all other rights to the files not 
* expressly granted by Microsoft, whether by implication, estoppel or
* otherwise. The notices and licenses below are for informational purposes 
* only.
*
* Provided by Informational Purposes Only
* MIT License
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
* copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
* to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
* the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, 
* and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the 
* Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all 
* copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS 
* OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER 
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
* FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER 
* DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*
* Modernizr v2.0.6
* http://www.modernizr.com
*
* Copyright (c) 2009-2011 Faruk Ates, Paul Irish, Alex Sexton
*/

/*
 * Modernizr tests which native CSS3 and HTML5 features are available in
 * the current UA and makes the results available to you in two ways:
 * as properties on a global Modernizr object, and as classes on the
 * <html> element. This information allows you to progressively enhance
 * your pages with a granular level of control over the experience.
 *
 * Modernizr has an optional (not included) conditional resource loader
 * called Modernizr.load(), based on Yepnope.js (yepnopejs.com).
 * To get a build that includes Modernizr.load(), as well as choosing
 * which tests to include, go to www.modernizr.com/download/
 *
 * Authors        Faruk Ates, Paul Irish, Alex Sexton, 
 * Contributors   Ryan Seddon, Ben Alman
 */

window.Modernizr = (function( window, document, undefined ) {

    var version = '2.0.6',

    Modernizr = {},
    
    // option for enabling the HTML classes to be added
    enableClasses = true,

    docElement = document.documentElement,
    docHead = document.head || document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0],

    /**
     * Create our "modernizr" element that we do most feature tests on.
     */
    mod = 'modernizr',
    modElem = document.createElement(mod),
    mStyle = modElem.style,

    /**
     * Create the input element for various Web Forms feature tests.
     */
    inputElem = document.createElement('input'),

    smile = ':)',

    toString = Object.prototype.toString,

    // List of property values to set for css tests. See ticket #21
    prefixes = ' -webkit- -moz- -o- -ms- -khtml- '.split(' '),

    // Following spec is to expose vendor-specific style properties as:
    //   elem.style.WebkitBorderRadius
    // and the following would be incorrect:
    //   elem.style.webkitBorderRadius

    // Webkit ghosts their properties in lowercase but Opera & Moz do not.
    // Microsoft foregoes prefixes entirely <= IE8, but appears to
    //   use a lowercase `ms` instead of the correct `Ms` in IE9

    // More here: http://github.com/Modernizr/Modernizr/issues/issue/21
    domPrefixes = 'Webkit Moz O ms Khtml'.split(' '),

    ns = {'svg': 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'},

    tests = {},
    inputs = {},
    attrs = {},

    classes = [],

    featureName, // used in testing loop


    // Inject element with style element and some CSS rules
    injectElementWithStyles = function( rule, callback, nodes, testnames ) {

      var style, ret, node,
          div = document.createElement('div');

      if ( parseInt(nodes, 10) ) {
          // In order not to give false positives we create a node for each test
          // This also allows the method to scale for unspecified uses
          while ( nodes-- ) {
              node = document.createElement('div');
              node.id = testnames ? testnames[nodes] : mod + (nodes + 1);
              div.appendChild(node);
          }
      }

      // <style> elements in IE6-9 are considered 'NoScope' elements and therefore will be removed
      // when injected with innerHTML. To get around this you need to prepend the 'NoScope' element
      // with a 'scoped' element, in our case the soft-hyphen entity as it won't mess with our measurements.
      // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms533897%28VS.85%29.aspx
      style = ['&shy;', '<style>', rule, '</style>'].join('');
      div.id = mod;
      div.innerHTML += style;
      docElement.appendChild(div);

      ret = callback(div, rule);
      div.parentNode.removeChild(div);

      return !!ret;

    },


    // adapted from matchMedia polyfill
    // by Scott Jehl and Paul Irish
    // gist.github.com/786768
    /*
     * The following excerpt, obtained from the above-cited github project, is provided for information purposes only.
     *
     * matchMedia() polyfill - test whether a CSS media type or media query applies
     * primary author: Scott Jehl
     * Copyright (c) 2010 Filament Group, Inc
     * MIT license
     * adapted by Paul Irish to use the matchMedia API
     * http://dev.w3.org/csswg/cssom-view/#dom-window-matchmedia
     * which webkit now supports: http://trac.webkit.org/changeset/72552
     *
     * Doesn't implement media.type as there's no way for crossbrowser property
     * getters. instead of media.type == 'tv' just use media.matchMedium('tv')
     */
    testMediaQuery = function( mq ) {

      if ( window.matchMedia ) {
        return matchMedia(mq).matches;
      }

      var bool;

      injectElementWithStyles('@media ' + mq + ' { #' + mod + ' { position: absolute; } }', function( node ) {
        bool = (window.getComputedStyle ?
                  getComputedStyle(node, null) :
                  node.currentStyle)['position'] == 'absolute';
      });

      return bool;

     },


    /**
      * isEventSupported determines if a given element supports the given event
      * function from http://yura.thinkweb2.com/isEventSupported/
      */
    isEventSupported = (function() {

      var TAGNAMES = {
        'select': 'input', 'change': 'input',
        'submit': 'form', 'reset': 'form',
        'error': 'img', 'load': 'img', 'abort': 'img'
      };

      function isEventSupported( eventName, element ) {

        element = element || document.createElement(TAGNAMES[eventName] || 'div');
        eventName = 'on' + eventName;

        // When using `setAttribute`, IE skips "unload", WebKit skips "unload" and "resize", whereas `in` "catches" those
        var isSupported = eventName in element;

        if ( !isSupported ) {
          // If it has no `setAttribute` (i.e. doesn't implement Node interface), try generic element
          if ( !element.setAttribute ) {
            element = document.createElement('div');
          }
          if ( element.setAttribute && element.removeAttribute ) {
            element.setAttribute(eventName, '');
            isSupported = is(element[eventName], 'function');

            // If property was created, "remove it" (by setting value to `undefined`)
            if ( !is(element[eventName], undefined) ) {
              element[eventName] = undefined;
            }
            element.removeAttribute(eventName);
          }
        }

        element = null;
        return isSupported;
      }
      return isEventSupported;
    })();

    // hasOwnProperty shim by kangax needed for Safari 2.0 support
    var _hasOwnProperty = ({}).hasOwnProperty, hasOwnProperty;
    if ( !is(_hasOwnProperty, undefined) && !is(_hasOwnProperty.call, undefined) ) {
      hasOwnProperty = function (object, property) {
        return _hasOwnProperty.call(object, property);
      };
    }
    else {
      hasOwnProperty = function (object, property) { /* yes, this can give false positives/negatives, but most of the time we don't care about those */
        return ((property in object) && is(object.constructor.prototype[property], undefined));
      };
    }

    /**
     * setCss applies given styles to the Modernizr DOM node.
     */
    function setCss( str ) {
        mStyle.cssText = str;
    }

    /**
     * setCssAll extrapolates all vendor-specific css strings.
     */
    function setCssAll( str1, str2 ) {
        return setCss(prefixes.join(str1 + ';') + ( str2 || '' ));
    }

    /**
     * is returns a boolean for if typeof obj is exactly type.
     */
    function is( obj, type ) {
        return typeof obj === type;
    }

    /**
     * contains returns a boolean for if substr is found within str.
     */
    function contains( str, substr ) {
        return !!~('' + str).indexOf(substr);
    }

    /**
     * testProps is a generic CSS / DOM property test; if a browser supports
     *   a certain property, it won't return undefined for it.
     *   A supported CSS property returns empty string when its not yet set.
     */
    function testProps( props, prefixed ) {
        for ( var i in props ) {
            if ( mStyle[ props[i] ] !== undefined ) {
                return prefixed == 'pfx' ? props[i] : true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * testPropsAll tests a list of DOM properties we want to check against.
     *   We specify literally ALL possible (known and/or likely) properties on
     *   the element including the non-vendor prefixed one, for forward-
     *   compatibility.
     */
    function testPropsAll( prop, prefixed ) {

        var ucProp  = prop.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + prop.substr(1),
            props   = (prop + ' ' + domPrefixes.join(ucProp + ' ') + ucProp).split(' ');

        return testProps(props, prefixed);
    }

    /**
     * testBundle tests a list of CSS features that require element and style injection.
     *   By bundling them together we can reduce the need to touch the DOM multiple times.
     */
    /*>>testBundle*/
    var testBundle = (function( styles, tests ) {
        var style = styles.join(''),
            len = tests.length;

        injectElementWithStyles(style, function( node, rule ) {
            var style = document.styleSheets[document.styleSheets.length - 1],
                // IE8 will bork if you create a custom build that excludes both fontface and generatedcontent tests.
                // So we check for cssRules and that there is a rule available
                // More here: https://github.com/Modernizr/Modernizr/issues/288 & https://github.com/Modernizr/Modernizr/issues/293
                cssText = style.cssRules && style.cssRules[0] ? style.cssRules[0].cssText : style.cssText || "",
                children = node.childNodes, hash = {};

            while ( len-- ) {
                hash[children[len].id] = children[len];
            }

            /*>>touch*/           Modernizr['touch'] = ('ontouchstart' in window) || hash['touch'].offsetTop === 9; /*>>touch*/
            /*>>csstransforms3d*/ Modernizr['csstransforms3d'] = hash['csstransforms3d'].offsetLeft === 9;          /*>>csstransforms3d*/
            /*>>generatedcontent*/Modernizr['generatedcontent'] = hash['generatedcontent'].offsetHeight >= 1;       /*>>generatedcontent*/
            /*>>fontface*/        Modernizr['fontface'] = /src/i.test(cssText) &&
                                                                  cssText.indexOf(rule.split(' ')[0]) === 0;        /*>>fontface*/
        }, len, tests);

    })([
        // Pass in styles to be injected into document
        /*>>fontface*/        '@font-face {font-family:"font";src:url("https://")}'         /*>>fontface*/
        
        /*>>touch*/           ,['@media (',prefixes.join('touch-enabled),('),mod,')',
                                '{#touch{top:9px;position:absolute}}'].join('')           /*>>touch*/
                                
        /*>>csstransforms3d*/ ,['@media (',prefixes.join('transform-3d),('),mod,')',
                                '{#csstransforms3d{left:9px;position:absolute}}'].join('')/*>>csstransforms3d*/
                                
        /*>>generatedcontent*/,['#generatedcontent:after{content:"',smile,'";visibility:hidden}'].join('')  /*>>generatedcontent*/
    ],
      [
        /*>>fontface*/        'fontface'          /*>>fontface*/
        /*>>touch*/           ,'touch'            /*>>touch*/
        /*>>csstransforms3d*/ ,'csstransforms3d'  /*>>csstransforms3d*/
        /*>>generatedcontent*/,'generatedcontent' /*>>generatedcontent*/
        
    ]);/*>>testBundle*/


    /**
     * Tests
     * -----
     */

    tests['flexbox'] = function() {
        /**
         * setPrefixedValueCSS sets the property of a specified element
         * adding vendor prefixes to the VALUE of the property.
         * @param {Element} element
         * @param {string} property The property name. This will not be prefixed.
         * @param {string} value The value of the property. This WILL be prefixed.
         * @param {string=} extra Additional CSS to append unmodified to the end of
         * the CSS string.
         */
        function setPrefixedValueCSS( element, property, value, extra ) {
            property += ':';
            element.style.cssText = (property + prefixes.join(value + ';' + property)).slice(0, -property.length) + (extra || '');
        }

        /**
         * setPrefixedPropertyCSS sets the property of a specified element
         * adding vendor prefixes to the NAME of the property.
         * @param {Element} element
         * @param {string} property The property name. This WILL be prefixed.
         * @param {string} value The value of the property. This will not be prefixed.
         * @param {string=} extra Additional CSS to append unmodified to the end of
         * the CSS string.
         */
        function setPrefixedPropertyCSS( element, property, value, extra ) {
            element.style.cssText = prefixes.join(property + ':' + value + ';') + (extra || '');
        }

        var c = document.createElement('div'),
            elem = document.createElement('div');

        setPrefixedValueCSS(c, 'display', 'box', 'width:42px;padding:0;');
        setPrefixedPropertyCSS(elem, 'box-flex', '1', 'width:10px;');

        c.appendChild(elem);
        docElement.appendChild(c);

        var ret = elem.offsetWidth === 42;

        c.removeChild(elem);
        docElement.removeChild(c);

        return ret;
    };

    // On the S60 and BB Storm, getContext exists, but always returns undefined
    // http://github.com/Modernizr/Modernizr/issues/issue/97/

    tests['canvas'] = function() {
        var elem = document.createElement('canvas');
        return !!(elem.getContext && elem.getContext('2d'));
    };

    tests['canvastext'] = function() {
        return !!(Modernizr['canvas'] && is(document.createElement('canvas').getContext('2d').fillText, 'function'));
    };

    // This WebGL test may false positive. 
    // But really it's quite impossible to know whether webgl will succeed until after you create the context. 
    // You might have hardware that can support a 100x100 webgl canvas, but will not support a 1000x1000 webgl 
    // canvas. So this feature inference is weak, but intentionally so.
    
    // It is known to false positive in FF4 with certain hardware and the iPad 2.
    
    tests['webgl'] = function() {
        return !!window.WebGLRenderingContext;
    };

    /*
     * The Modernizr.touch test only indicates if the browser supports
     *    touch events, which does not necessarily reflect a touchscreen
     *    device, as evidenced by tablets running Windows 7 or, alas,
     *    the Palm Pre / WebOS (touch) phones.
     *
     * Additionally, Chrome (desktop) used to lie about its support on this,
     *    but that has since been rectified: http://crbug.com/36415
     *
     * We also test for Firefox 4 Multitouch Support.
     *
     * For more info, see: http://modernizr.github.com/Modernizr/touch.html
     */

    tests['touch'] = function() {
        return Modernizr['touch'];
    };

    /**
     * geolocation tests for the new Geolocation API specification.
     *   This test is a standards compliant-only test; for more complete
     *   testing, including a Google Gears fallback, please see:
     *   http://code.google.com/p/geo-location-javascript/
     * or view a fallback solution using google's geo API:
     *   http://gist.github.com/366184
     */
    tests['geolocation'] = function() {
        return !!navigator.geolocation;
    };

    // Per 1.6:
    // This used to be Modernizr.crosswindowmessaging but the longer
    // name has been deprecated in favor of a shorter and property-matching one.
    // The old API is still available in 1.6, but as of 2.0 will throw a warning,
    // and in the first release thereafter disappear entirely.
    tests['postmessage'] = function() {
      return !!window.postMessage;
    };

    // Web SQL database detection is tricky:

    // In chrome incognito mode, openDatabase is truthy, but using it will
    //   throw an exception: http://crbug.com/42380
    // We can create a dummy database, but there is no way to delete it afterwards.

    // Meanwhile, Safari users can get prompted on any database creation.
    //   If they do, any page with Modernizr will give them a prompt:
    //   http://github.com/Modernizr/Modernizr/issues/closed#issue/113

    // We have chosen to allow the Chrome incognito false positive, so that Modernizr
    //   doesn't litter the web with these test databases. As a developer, you'll have
    //   to account for this gotcha yourself.
    tests['websqldatabase'] = function() {
      var result = !!window.openDatabase;
      /*  if (result){
            try {
              result = !!openDatabase( mod + "testdb", "1.0", mod + "testdb", 2e4);
            } catch(e) {
            }
          }  */
      return result;
    };

    // Vendors had inconsistent prefixing with the experimental Indexed DB:
    // - Webkit's implementation is accessible through webkitIndexedDB
    // - Firefox shipped moz_indexedDB before FF4b9, but since then has been mozIndexedDB
    // For speed, we don't test the legacy (and beta-only) indexedDB
    tests['indexedDB'] = function() {
      for ( var i = -1, len = domPrefixes.length; ++i < len; ){
        if ( window[domPrefixes[i].toLowerCase() + 'IndexedDB'] ){
          return true;
        }
      }
      return !!window.indexedDB;
    };

    // documentMode logic from YUI to filter out IE8 Compat Mode
    //   which false positives.
    tests['hashchange'] = function() {
      return isEventSupported('hashchange', window) && (document.documentMode === undefined || document.documentMode > 7);
    };

    // Per 1.6:
    // This used to be Modernizr.historymanagement but the longer
    // name has been deprecated in favor of a shorter and property-matching one.
    // The old API is still available in 1.6, but as of 2.0 will throw a warning,
    // and in the first release thereafter disappear entirely.
    tests['history'] = function() {
      return !!(window.history && history.pushState);
    };

    tests['draganddrop'] = function() {
        return isEventSupported('dragstart') && isEventSupported('drop');
    };

    // Mozilla is targeting to land MozWebSocket for FF6
    // bugzil.la/659324
    tests['websockets'] = function() {
        for ( var i = -1, len = domPrefixes.length; ++i < len; ){
          if ( window[domPrefixes[i] + 'WebSocket'] ){
            return true;
          }
        }
        return 'WebSocket' in window;
    };


    // http://css-tricks.com/rgba-browser-support/
    tests['rgba'] = function() {
        // Set an rgba() color and check the returned value

        setCss('background-color:rgba(150,255,150,.5)');

        return contains(mStyle.backgroundColor, 'rgba');
    };

    tests['hsla'] = function() {
        // Same as rgba(), in fact, browsers re-map hsla() to rgba() internally,
        //   except IE9 who retains it as hsla

        setCss('background-color:hsla(120,40%,100%,.5)');

        return contains(mStyle.backgroundColor, 'rgba') || contains(mStyle.backgroundColor, 'hsla');
    };

    tests['multiplebgs'] = function() {
        // Setting multiple images AND a color on the background shorthand property
        //  and then querying the style.background property value for the number of
        //  occurrences of "url(" is a reliable method for detecting ACTUAL support for this!

        setCss('background:url(https://),url(https://),red url(https://)');

        // If the UA supports multiple backgrounds, there should be three occurrences
        //   of the string "url(" in the return value for elemStyle.background

        return /(url\s*\(.*?){3}/.test(mStyle.background);
    };


    // In testing support for a given CSS property, it's legit to test:
    //    `elem.style[styleName] !== undefined`
    // If the property is supported it will return an empty string,
    // if unsupported it will return undefined.

    // We'll take advantage of this quick test and skip setting a style
    // on our modernizr element, but instead just testing undefined vs
    // empty string.


    tests['backgroundsize'] = function() {
        return testPropsAll('backgroundSize');
    };

    tests['borderimage'] = function() {
        return testPropsAll('borderImage');
    };


    // Super comprehensive table about all the unique implementations of
    // border-radius: http://muddledramblings.com/table-of-css3-border-radius-compliance

    tests['borderradius'] = function() {
        return testPropsAll('borderRadius');
    };

    // WebOS unfortunately false positives on this test.
    tests['boxshadow'] = function() {
        return testPropsAll('boxShadow');
    };

    // FF3.0 will false positive on this test
    tests['textshadow'] = function() {
        return document.createElement('div').style.textShadow === '';
    };


    tests['opacity'] = function() {
        // Browsers that actually have CSS Opacity implemented have done so
        //  according to spec, which means their return values are within the
        //  range of [0.0,1.0] - including the leading zero.

        setCssAll('opacity:.55');

        // The non-literal . in this regex is intentional:
        //   German Chrome returns this value as 0,55
        // https://github.com/Modernizr/Modernizr/issues/#issue/59/comment/516632
        return /^0.55$/.test(mStyle.opacity);
    };


    tests['cssanimations'] = function() {
        return testPropsAll('animationName');
    };


    tests['csscolumns'] = function() {
        return testPropsAll('columnCount');
    };


    tests['cssgradients'] = function() {
        /**
         * For CSS Gradients syntax, please see:
         * http://webkit.org/blog/175/introducing-css-gradients/
         * https://developer.mozilla.org/en/CSS/-moz-linear-gradient
         * https://developer.mozilla.org/en/CSS/-moz-radial-gradient
         * http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css3-images/#gradients-
         */

        var str1 = 'background-image:',
            str2 = 'gradient(linear,left top,right bottom,from(#9f9),to(white));',
            str3 = 'linear-gradient(left top,#9f9, white);';

        setCss(
            (str1 + prefixes.join(str2 + str1) + prefixes.join(str3 + str1)).slice(0, -str1.length)
        );

        return contains(mStyle.backgroundImage, 'gradient');
    };


    tests['cssreflections'] = function() {
        return testPropsAll('boxReflect');
    };


    tests['csstransforms'] = function() {
        return !!testProps(['transformProperty', 'WebkitTransform', 'MozTransform', 'OTransform', 'msTransform']);
    };


    tests['csstransforms3d'] = function() {

        var ret = !!testProps(['perspectiveProperty', 'WebkitPerspective', 'MozPerspective', 'OPerspective', 'msPerspective']);

        // Webkit’s 3D transforms are passed off to the browser's own graphics renderer.
        //   It works fine in Safari on Leopard and Snow Leopard, but not in Chrome in
        //   some conditions. As a result, Webkit typically recognizes the syntax but
        //   will sometimes throw a false positive, thus we must do a more thorough check:
        if ( ret && 'webkitPerspective' in docElement.style ) {

          // Webkit allows this media query to succeed only if the feature is enabled.
          // `@media (transform-3d),(-o-transform-3d),(-moz-transform-3d),(-ms-transform-3d),(-webkit-transform-3d),(modernizr){ ... }`
          ret = Modernizr['csstransforms3d'];
        }
        return ret;
    };


    tests['csstransitions'] = function() {
        return testPropsAll('transitionProperty');
    };


    /*>>fontface*/
    // @font-face detection routine by Diego Perini
    // http://javascript.nwbox.com/CSSSupport/
    tests['fontface'] = function() {
        return Modernizr['fontface'];
    };
    /*>>fontface*/

    // CSS generated content detection
    tests['generatedcontent'] = function() {
        return Modernizr['generatedcontent'];
    };



    // These tests evaluate support of the video/audio elements, as well as
    // testing what types of content they support.
    //
    // We're using the Boolean constructor here, so that we can extend the value
    // e.g.  Modernizr.video     // true
    //       Modernizr.video.ogg // 'probably'
    //
    // Codec values from : http://github.com/NielsLeenheer/html5test/blob/9106a8/index.html#L845
    //                     thx to NielsLeenheer and zcorpan

    // Note: in FF 3.5.1 and 3.5.0, "no" was a return value instead of empty string.
    //   Modernizr does not normalize for that.

    tests['video'] = function() {
        var elem = document.createElement('video'),
            bool = false;
            
        // IE9 Running on Windows Server SKU can cause an exception to be thrown, bug #224
        try {
            if ( bool = !!elem.canPlayType ) {
                bool      = new Boolean(bool);
                bool.ogg  = elem.canPlayType('video/ogg; codecs="theora"');

                // Workaround required for IE9, which doesn't report video support without audio codec specified.
                //   bug 599718 @ msft connect
                var h264 = 'video/mp4; codecs="avc1.42E01E';
                bool.h264 = elem.canPlayType(h264 + '"') || elem.canPlayType(h264 + ', mp4a.40.2"');

                bool.webm = elem.canPlayType('video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"');
            }
            
        } catch(e) { }
        
        return bool;
    };

    tests['audio'] = function() {
        var elem = document.createElement('audio'),
            bool = false;

        try { 
            if ( bool = !!elem.canPlayType ) {
                bool      = new Boolean(bool);
                bool.ogg  = elem.canPlayType('audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"');
                bool.mp3  = elem.canPlayType('audio/mpeg;');

                // Mimetypes accepted:
                //   https://developer.mozilla.org/En/Media_formats_supported_by_the_audio_and_video_elements
                //   http://bit.ly/iphoneoscodecs
                bool.wav  = elem.canPlayType('audio/wav; codecs="1"');
                bool.m4a  = elem.canPlayType('audio/x-m4a;') || elem.canPlayType('audio/aac;');
            }
        } catch(e) { }
        
        return bool;
    };


    // Firefox has made these tests rather unfun.

    // In FF4, if disabled, window.localStorage should === null.

    // Normally, we could not test that directly and need to do a
    //   `('localStorage' in window) && ` test first because otherwise Firefox will
    //   throw http://bugzil.la/365772 if cookies are disabled

    // However, in Firefox 4 betas, if dom.storage.enabled == false, just mentioning
    //   the property will throw an exception. http://bugzil.la/599479
    // This looks to be fixed for FF4 Final.

    // Because we are forced to try/catch this, we'll go aggressive.

    // FWIW: IE8 Compat mode supports these features completely:
    //   http://www.quirksmode.org/dom/html5.html
    // But IE8 doesn't support either with local files

    tests['localstorage'] = function() {
        try {
            return !!localStorage.getItem;
        } catch(e) {
            return false;
        }
    };

    tests['sessionstorage'] = function() {
        try {
            return !!sessionStorage.getItem;
        } catch(e){
            return false;
        }
    };


    tests['webworkers'] = function() {
        return !!window.Worker;
    };


    tests['applicationcache'] = function() {
        return !!window.applicationCache;
    };


    // Thanks to Erik Dahlstrom
    tests['svg'] = function() {
        return !!document.createElementNS && !!document.createElementNS(ns.svg, 'svg').createSVGRect;
    };

    // specifically for SVG inline in HTML, not within XHTML
    // test page: paulirish.com/demo/inline-svg
    tests['inlinesvg'] = function() {
      var div = document.createElement('div');
      div.innerHTML = '<svg/>';
      return (div.firstChild && div.firstChild.namespaceURI) == ns.svg;
    };

    // Thanks to F1lt3r and lucideer, ticket #35
    tests['smil'] = function() {
        return !!document.createElementNS && /SVG/.test(toString.call(document.createElementNS(ns.svg, 'animate')));
    };

    tests['svgclippaths'] = function() {
        // Possibly returns a false positive in Safari 3.2?
        return !!document.createElementNS && /SVG/.test(toString.call(document.createElementNS(ns.svg, 'clipPath')));
    };

    // input features and input types go directly onto the ret object, bypassing the tests loop.
    // Hold this guy to execute in a moment.
    function webforms() {
        // Run through HTML5's new input attributes to see if the UA understands any.
        // We're using f which is the <input> element created early on
        // Mike Taylr has created a comprehensive resource for testing these attributes
        //   when applied to all input types:
        //   http://miketaylr.com/code/input-type-attr.html
        // spec: http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/multipage/the-input-element.html#input-type-attr-summary
        
        // Only input placeholder is tested while textarea's placeholder is not. 
        // Currently Safari 4 and Opera 11 have support only for the input placeholder
        // Both tests are available in feature-detects/forms-placeholder.js
        Modernizr['input'] = (function( props ) {
            for ( var i = 0, len = props.length; i < len; i++ ) {
                attrs[ props[i] ] = !!(props[i] in inputElem);
            }
            return attrs;
        })('autocomplete autofocus list placeholder max min multiple pattern required step'.split(' '));

        // Run through HTML5's new input types to see if the UA understands any.
        //   This is put behind the tests runloop because it doesn't return a
        //   true/false like all the other tests; instead, it returns an object
        //   containing each input type with its corresponding true/false value

        // Big thanks to @miketaylr for the html5 forms expertise. http://miketaylr.com/
        Modernizr['inputtypes'] = (function(props) {

            for ( var i = 0, bool, inputElemType, defaultView, len = props.length; i < len; i++ ) {

                inputElem.setAttribute('type', inputElemType = props[i]);
                bool = inputElem.type !== 'text';

                // We first check to see if the type we give it sticks..
                // If the type does, we feed it a textual value, which shouldn't be valid.
                // If the value doesn't stick, we know there's input sanitization which infers a custom UI
                if ( bool ) {

                    inputElem.value         = smile;
                    inputElem.style.cssText = 'position:absolute;visibility:hidden;';

                    if ( /^range$/.test(inputElemType) && inputElem.style.WebkitAppearance !== undefined ) {

                      docElement.appendChild(inputElem);
                      defaultView = document.defaultView;

                      // Safari 2-4 allows the smiley as a value, despite making a slider
                      bool =  defaultView.getComputedStyle &&
                              defaultView.getComputedStyle(inputElem, null).WebkitAppearance !== 'textfield' &&
                              // Mobile android web browser has false positive, so must
                              // check the height to see if the widget is actually there.
                              (inputElem.offsetHeight !== 0);

                      docElement.removeChild(inputElem);

                    } else if ( /^(search|tel)$/.test(inputElemType) ){
                      // Spec doesnt define any special parsing or detectable UI
                      //   behaviors so we pass these through as true

                      // Interestingly, opera fails the earlier test, so it doesn't
                      //  even make it here.

                    } else if ( /^(url|email)$/.test(inputElemType) ) {
                      // Real url and email support comes with prebaked validation.
                      bool = inputElem.checkValidity && inputElem.checkValidity() === false;

                    } else if ( /^color$/.test(inputElemType) ) {
                        // chuck into DOM and force reflow for Opera bug in 11.00
                        // github.com/Modernizr/Modernizr/issues#issue/159
                        docElement.appendChild(inputElem);
                        docElement.offsetWidth;
                        bool = inputElem.value != smile;
                        docElement.removeChild(inputElem);

                    } else {
                      // If the upgraded input compontent rejects the :) text, we got a winner
                      bool = inputElem.value != smile;
                    }
                }

                inputs[ props[i] ] = !!bool;
            }
            return inputs;
        })('search tel url email datetime date month week time datetime-local number range color'.split(' '));
    }


    // End of test definitions
    // -----------------------



    // Run through all tests and detect their support in the current UA.
    // todo: hypothetically we could be doing an array of tests and use a basic loop here.
    for ( var feature in tests ) {
        if ( hasOwnProperty(tests, feature) ) {
            // run the test, throw the return value into the Modernizr,
            //   then based on that boolean, define an appropriate className
            //   and push it into an array of classes we'll join later.
            featureName  = feature.toLowerCase();
            Modernizr[featureName] = tests[feature]();

            classes.push((Modernizr[featureName] ? '' : 'no-') + featureName);
        }
    }

    // input tests need to run.
    Modernizr.input || webforms();


    /**
     * addTest allows the user to define their own feature tests
     * the result will be added onto the Modernizr object,
     * as well as an appropriate className set on the html element
     *
     * @param feature - String naming the feature
     * @param test - Function returning true if feature is supported, false if not
     */
     Modernizr.addTest = function ( feature, test ) {
       if ( typeof feature == "object" ) {
         for ( var key in feature ) {
           if ( hasOwnProperty( feature, key ) ) { 
             Modernizr.addTest( key, feature[ key ] );
           }
         }
       } else {

         feature = feature.toLowerCase();

         if ( Modernizr[feature] !== undefined ) {
           // we're going to quit if you're trying to overwrite an existing test
           // if we were to allow it, we'd do this:
           //   var re = new RegExp("\\b(no-)?" + feature + "\\b");  
           //   docElement.className = docElement.className.replace( re, '' );
           // but, no rly, stuff 'em.
           return; 
         }

         test = typeof test == "boolean" ? test : !!test();

         docElement.className += ' ' + (test ? '' : 'no-') + feature;
         Modernizr[feature] = test;

       }

       return Modernizr; // allow chaining.
     };
    

    // Reset modElem.cssText to nothing to reduce memory footprint.
    setCss('');
    modElem = inputElem = null;

    //>>BEGIN IEPP
    // Enable HTML 5 elements for styling (and printing) in IE.
    if ( window.attachEvent && (function(){ var elem = document.createElement('div');
                                            elem.innerHTML = '<elem></elem>';
                                            return elem.childNodes.length !== 1; })() ) {
                                              
        // iepp v2 by @jon_neal & afarkas : github.com/aFarkas/iepp/
        (function(win, doc) {
          win.iepp = win.iepp || {};
          var iepp = win.iepp,
            elems = iepp.html5elements || 'abbr|article|aside|audio|canvas|datalist|details|figcaption|figure|footer|header|hgroup|mark|meter|nav|output|progress|section|summary|time|video',
            elemsArr = elems.split('|'),
            elemsArrLen = elemsArr.length,
            elemRegExp = new RegExp('(^|\\s)('+elems+')', 'gi'),
            tagRegExp = new RegExp('<(\/*)('+elems+')', 'gi'),
            filterReg = /^\s*[\{\}]\s*$/,
            ruleRegExp = new RegExp('(^|[^\\n]*?\\s)('+elems+')([^\\n]*)({[\\n\\w\\W]*?})', 'gi'),
            docFrag = doc.createDocumentFragment(),
            html = doc.documentElement,
            head = html.firstChild,
            bodyElem = doc.createElement('body'),
            styleElem = doc.createElement('style'),
            printMedias = /print|all/,
            body;
          function shim(doc) {
            var a = -1;
            while (++a < elemsArrLen)
              // Use createElement so IE allows HTML5-named elements in a document
              doc.createElement(elemsArr[a]);
          }

          iepp.getCSS = function(styleSheetList, mediaType) {
            if(styleSheetList+'' === undefined){return '';}
            var a = -1,
              len = styleSheetList.length,
              styleSheet,
              cssTextArr = [];
            while (++a < len) {
              styleSheet = styleSheetList[a];
              //currently no test for disabled/alternate stylesheets
              if(styleSheet.disabled){continue;}
              mediaType = styleSheet.media || mediaType;
              // Get css from all non-screen stylesheets and their imports
              if (printMedias.test(mediaType)) cssTextArr.push(iepp.getCSS(styleSheet.imports, mediaType), styleSheet.cssText);
              //reset mediaType to all with every new *not imported* stylesheet
              mediaType = 'all';
            }
            return cssTextArr.join('');
          };

          iepp.parseCSS = function(cssText) {
            var cssTextArr = [],
              rule;
            while ((rule = ruleRegExp.exec(cssText)) != null){
              // Replace all html5 element references with iepp substitute classnames
              cssTextArr.push(( (filterReg.exec(rule[1]) ? '\n' : rule[1]) +rule[2]+rule[3]).replace(elemRegExp, '$1.iepp_$2')+rule[4]);
            }
            return cssTextArr.join('\n');
          };

          iepp.writeHTML = function() {
            var a = -1;
            body = body || doc.body;
            while (++a < elemsArrLen) {
              var nodeList = doc.getElementsByTagName(elemsArr[a]),
                nodeListLen = nodeList.length,
                b = -1;
              while (++b < nodeListLen)
                if (nodeList[b].className.indexOf('iepp_') < 0)
                  // Append iepp substitute classnames to all html5 elements
                  nodeList[b].className += ' iepp_'+elemsArr[a];
            }
            docFrag.appendChild(body);
            html.appendChild(bodyElem);
            // Write iepp substitute print-safe document
            bodyElem.className = body.className;
            bodyElem.id = body.id;
            // Replace HTML5 elements with <font> which is print-safe and shouldn't conflict since it isn't part of html5
            bodyElem.innerHTML = body.innerHTML.replace(tagRegExp, '<$1font');
          };


          iepp._beforePrint = function() {
            // Write iepp custom print CSS
            styleElem.styleSheet.cssText = iepp.parseCSS(iepp.getCSS(doc.styleSheets, 'all'));
            iepp.writeHTML();
          };

          iepp.restoreHTML = function(){
            // Undo everything done in onbeforeprint
            bodyElem.innerHTML = '';
            html.removeChild(bodyElem);
            html.appendChild(body);
          };

          iepp._afterPrint = function(){
            // Undo everything done in onbeforeprint
            iepp.restoreHTML();
            styleElem.styleSheet.cssText = '';
          };



          // Shim the document and iepp fragment
          shim(doc);
          shim(docFrag);

          //
          if(iepp.disablePP){return;}

          // Add iepp custom print style element
          head.insertBefore(styleElem, head.firstChild);
          styleElem.media = 'print';
          styleElem.className = 'iepp-printshim';
          win.attachEvent(
            'onbeforeprint',
            iepp._beforePrint
          );
          win.attachEvent(
            'onafterprint',
            iepp._afterPrint
          );
        })(window, document);
    }
    //>>END IEPP

    // Assign private properties to the return object with prefix
    Modernizr._version      = version;

    // expose these for the plugin API. Look in the source for how to join() them against your input
    Modernizr._prefixes     = prefixes;
    Modernizr._domPrefixes  = domPrefixes;
    
    // Modernizr.mq tests a given media query, live against the current state of the window
    // A few important notes:
    //   * If a browser does not support media queries at all (eg. oldIE) the mq() will always return false
    //   * A max-width or orientation query will be evaluated against the current state, which may change later.
    //   * You must specify values. Eg. If you are testing support for the min-width media query use: 
    //       Modernizr.mq('(min-width:0)')
    // usage:
    // Modernizr.mq('only screen and (max-width:768)')
    Modernizr.mq            = testMediaQuery;   
    
    // Modernizr.hasEvent() detects support for a given event, with an optional element to test on
    // Modernizr.hasEvent('gesturestart', elem)
    Modernizr.hasEvent      = isEventSupported; 

    // Modernizr.testProp() investigates whether a given style property is recognized
    // Note that the property names must be provided in the camelCase variant.
    // Modernizr.testProp('pointerEvents')
    Modernizr.testProp      = function(prop){
        return testProps([prop]);
    };        

    // Modernizr.testAllProps() investigates whether a given style property,
    //   or any of its vendor-prefixed variants, is recognized
    // Note that the property names must be provided in the camelCase variant.
    // Modernizr.testAllProps('boxSizing')    
    Modernizr.testAllProps  = testPropsAll;     


    
    // Modernizr.testStyles() allows you to add custom styles to the document and test an element afterwards
    // Modernizr.testStyles('#modernizr { position:absolute }', function(elem, rule){ ... })
    Modernizr.testStyles    = injectElementWithStyles; 


    // Modernizr.prefixed() returns the prefixed or nonprefixed property name variant of your input
    // Modernizr.prefixed('boxSizing') // 'MozBoxSizing'
    
    // Properties must be passed as dom-style camelcase, rather than `box-sizing` hypentated style.
    // Return values will also be the camelCase variant, if you need to translate that to hypenated style use:
    //
    //     str.replace(/([A-Z])/g, function(str,m1){ return '-' + m1.toLowerCase(); }).replace(/^ms-/,'-ms-');
    
    // If you're trying to ascertain which transition end event to bind to, you might do something like...
    // 
    //     var transEndEventNames = {
    //       'WebkitTransition' : 'webkitTransitionEnd',
    //       'MozTransition'    : 'transitionend',
    //       'OTransition'      : 'oTransitionEnd',
    //       'msTransition'     : 'msTransitionEnd', // maybe?
    //       'transition'       : 'transitionEnd'
    //     },
    //     transEndEventName = transEndEventNames[ Modernizr.prefixed('transition') ];
    
    Modernizr.prefixed      = function(prop){
      return testPropsAll(prop, 'pfx');
    };



    // Remove "no-js" class from <html> element, if it exists:
    docElement.className = docElement.className.replace(/\bno-js\b/, '')
                            
                            // Add the new classes to the <html> element.
                            + (enableClasses ? ' js ' + classes.join(' ') : '');

    return Modernizr;

})(this, this.document);

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Written By
Software Developer (Senior)
Singapore Singapore
A life-long-learner, maker and soft music fan. Likes building things to solve problems. Years of successful records serving mid and large scale .NET applications in domestic and international client environment. Expertise in different areas of software development life cycles and Software Architecture.

Always looks for new technology and loves to get hands dirty Smile | :)

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