Integrating Knockout, JSRender, and Twitter bootstrap with MVC4

/*! JsRender v1.0pre: http://github.com/BorisMoore/jsrender */
/*
* Optimized version of jQuery Templates, for rendering to string.
* Does not require jQuery, or HTML DOM
* Integrates with JsViews (http://github.com/BorisMoore/jsviews)
* Copyright 2012, Boris Moore
* Released under the MIT License.
*/
// informal pre beta commit counter: 18

this.jsviews || this.jQuery && jQuery.views || (function (global, undefined) {

    //========================== Top-level vars ==========================

    var versionNumber = "v1.0pre",

		$, rTag, rTmplString, extend,
		delimOpenChar0 = "{", delimOpenChar1 = "{", delimCloseChar0 = "}", delimCloseChar1 = "}", sub = {},
		FALSE = false, TRUE = true,
		jQuery = global.jQuery,

		rPath = /^(?:null|true|false|\d[\d.]*|([\w$]+|~([\w$]+)|#(view|([\w$]+))?)([\w$.]*?)(?:[.[]([\w$]+)\]?)?|(['"]).*\8)$/g,
		//                               nil   object   helper    view  viewProperty pathTokens   leafToken     string

		rParams = /(\()(?=|\s*\()|(?:([([])\s*)?(?:([#~]?[\w$.]+)?\s*((\+\+|--)|\+|-|&&|\|\||===|!==|==|!=|<=|>=|[<>%*!:?\/]|(=))\s*|([#~]?[\w$.]+)([([])?)|(,\s*)|(\(?)\\?(?:(')|("))|(?:\s*([)\]])([([]?))|(\s+)/g,
		//          lftPrn        lftPrn2                path    operator err                                                eq         path2       prn    comma   lftPrn2   apos quot        rtPrn   prn2   space
		// (left paren? followed by (path? followed by operator) or (path followed by paren?)) or comma or apos or quot or right paren or space

		rNewLine = /\r?\n/g,
		rUnescapeQuotes = /\\(['"])/g,
		rEscapeQuotes = /\\?(['"])/g,
		rBuildHash = /\x08(~)?([^\x08]+)\x08/g,

		autoTmplName = 0,
		escapeMapForHtml = {
		    "&": "&amp;",
		    "<": "&lt;",
		    ">": "&gt;"
		},
		tmplAttr = "data-jsv-tmpl",
		fnDeclStr = "var j=j||" + (jQuery ? "jQuery." : "js") + "views,",
		htmlSpecialChar = /[\x00"&'<>]/g,
		slice = Array.prototype.slice,

		render = {},

		// jsviews object ($.views if jQuery is loaded)
		jsv = {
		    jsviews: versionNumber,
		    sub: sub, // subscription, e.g. JsViews integration
		    debugMode: TRUE,
		    render: render,
		    templates: templates,
		    tags: tags,
		    helpers: helpers,
		    converters: converters,
		    View: View,
		    delimiters: setDelimiters,
		    _convert: convert,
		    _err: function (e) {
		        return jsv.debugMode ? ("<br/><b>Error:</b> <em> " + (e.message || e) + ". </em>") : '""';
		    },
		    _tmplFn: tmplFn,
		    _tag: renderTag
		};
    //========================== Top-level functions ==========================

    //===================
    // jsviews.delimiters
    //===================

    function setDelimiters(openChars, closeChars) {
        // Set the tag opening and closing delimiters. Default is "{{" and "}}"
        // openChar, closeChars: opening and closing strings, each with two characters

        if (!jsv.rTag || arguments.length) {
            delimOpenChar0 = openChars ? "\\" + openChars.charAt(0) : delimOpenChar0; // Escape the characters - since they could be regex special characters
            delimOpenChar1 = openChars ? "\\" + openChars.charAt(1) : delimOpenChar1;
            delimCloseChar0 = closeChars ? "\\" + closeChars.charAt(0) : delimCloseChar0;
            delimCloseChar1 = closeChars ? "\\" + closeChars.charAt(0) : delimCloseChar1;

            // Build regex with new delimiters
            jsv.rTag = rTag // make rTag available to JsViews (or other components) for parsing binding expressions
				//          tag    (followed by / space or })   or cvtr+colon or html or code
				= "(?:(?:(\\w+(?=[\\/\\s" + delimCloseChar0 + "]))|(?:(\\w+)?(:)|(>)|(\\*)))"
				//     params
				+ "\\s*((?:[^" + delimCloseChar0 + "]|" + delimCloseChar0 + "(?!" + delimCloseChar1 + "))*?)";

            //                                         slash or closeBlock           }}
            rTag = new RegExp(delimOpenChar0 + delimOpenChar1 + rTag + "(\\/)?|(?:\\/(\\w+)))" + delimCloseChar0 + delimCloseChar1, "g");

            // Default rTag:    tag      converter colon html code     params            slash   closeBlock
            //    /{{(?:(?:(\w+(?=[\/\s}]))|(?:(\w+)?(:)|(>)|(\*)))\s*((?:[^}]|}(?!}))*?)(\/)?|(?:\/(\w+)))}}

            rTmplString = new RegExp("<.*>|" + openChars + ".*" + closeChars);
        }
        return [delimOpenChar0, delimOpenChar1, delimCloseChar0, delimCloseChar1];
    }

    //=================
    // View._hlp
    //=================

    function getHelper(helper) {
        // Helper method called as view._hlp() from compiled template, for helper functions or template parameters ~foo
        var view = this,
			tmplHelpers = view.tmpl.helpers || {};

        helper = (view.ctx[helper] !== undefined ? view.ctx : tmplHelpers[helper] !== undefined ? tmplHelpers : helpers[helper] !== undefined ? helpers : {})[helper];
        return typeof helper !== "function" ? helper : function () {
            return helper.apply(view, arguments);
        };
    }

    //=================
    // jsviews.convert
    //=================

    function convert(converter, view, tmpl, text) {
        var tmplConverters = tmpl.converters;
        converter = tmplConverters && tmplConverters[converter] || converters[converter];
        return converter ? converter.call(view, text) : text;
    }

    //=================
    // jsviews.tag
    //=================

    function renderTag(tag, parentView, parentTmpl, converter, content, tagObject) {
        // Called from within compiled template function, to render a nested tag
        // Returns the rendered tag
        var ret, prop,
			tmplTags = parentTmpl.tags,
			nestedTemplates = parentTmpl.templates,
			props = tagObject.props = tagObject.props || {},
			tmpl = props.tmpl,
			args = arguments,
			tagFn = tmplTags && tmplTags[tag] || tags[tag];

        if (!tagFn) {
            return "";
        }
        if (tmpl) {
            // We don't want to expose tmpl as a prop to view context
            delete props.tmpl;
        }

        // Set the tmpl property to the content of the block tag, unless set as an override property on the tag
        content = content && parentTmpl.tmpls[content - 1];
        tmpl = tmpl || content || undefined;

        tagObject.tmpl =
		"" + tmpl === tmpl // if a string
			? nestedTemplates && nestedTemplates[tmpl] || templates[tmpl] || templates(tmpl)
			: tmpl;

        tagObject.isTag = TRUE;
        tagObject.converter = converter;
        tagObject.view = parentView;
        tagObject.renderContent = renderContent;

        ret = tagFn.apply(tagObject, args.length > 6 ? slice.call(args, 6) : []);
        return ret || (ret == undefined ? "" : ret.toString()); // (If ret is the value 0 or false, will render to string)
    }

    //=================
    // View constructor
    //=================

    function View(context, path, parentView, data, template, key, onRender, isArray) {
        // Constructor for view object in view hierarchy. (Augmented by JsViews if JsViews is loaded)
        var views,
			self = {
			    tmpl: template,
			    path: path,
			    parent: parentView,
			    data: data,
			    ctx: context,
			    // If the data is an array, this is an 'Array View' with a views array for each child 'Instance View'
			    // If the data is not an array, this is an 'Instance View' with a views 'map' object for any child nested views
			    views: isArray ? [] : {},
			    // _useKey is non zero if is not an 'Array View' (owning a data array). Uuse this as next key for adding to child views map
			    _useKey: isArray ? 0 : 1,
			    _hlp: getHelper,
			    _onRender: onRender
			};

        if (parentView) {
            views = parentView.views;
            if (parentView._useKey) {
                // Parent is an 'Instance View'. Add this view to its views object
                // self.key = is the key in the parent view map
                views[self.key = "_" + parentView._useKey++] = self;
                // self.index = is index of the parent
                self.index = parentView.index;
            } else {
                // Parent is an 'Array View'. Add this view to its views array
                views.splice(
				// self.key = self.index - the index in the parent view array
				self.key = self.index = key !== undefined
					? key
					: views.length,
				0, self);
            }
        }
        return self;
    }

    //=================
    // Registration
    //=================

    function addToStore(self, store, name, item, process) {
        // Add item to named store such as templates, helpers, converters...
        var key, onStore;
        if (name && typeof name === "object" && !name.nodeType) {
            // If name is a map, iterate over map and call store for key
            for (key in name) {
                store(key, name[key]);
            }
            return self;
        }
        if (!name || item === undefined) {
            if (process) {
                item = process(undefined, item || name);
            }
        } else if ("" + name === name) { // name must be a string
            if (item === null) {
                // If item is null, delete this entry
                delete store[name];
            } else if (item = process ? process(name, item) : item) {
                store[name] = item;
            }
        }
        if (onStore = sub.onStoreItem) {
            // e.g. JsViews integration
            onStore(store, name, item, process);
        }
        return item;
    }

    function templates(name, tmpl) {
        // Register templates
        // Setter: Use $.templates( name, tagFn ) or $.templates({ name: tagFn, ... }) to add additional templates to the registered templates collection.
        // Getter: Use var tagFn = $.templates( name ) or $.templates[name] or $.templates.name to return the object for the registered template.
        // Remove: Use $.templates( name, null ) to remove a registered template from $.templates.
        return addToStore(this, templates, name, tmpl, compile);
    }

    function tags(name, tagFn) {
        // Register template tags
        // Setter: Use $.view.tags( name, tagFn ) or $.view.tags({ name: tagFn, ... }) to add additional tags to the registered tags collection.
        // Getter: Use var tagFn = $.views.tags( name ) or $.views.tags[name] or $.views.tags.name to return the function for the registered tag.
        // Remove: Use $.view.tags( name, null ) to remove a registered tag from $.view.tags.

        // When registering for {{foo a b c==d e=f}}, tagFn should be a function with the signature:
        // function(a,b). The 'this' pointer will be a hash with properties c and e.
        return addToStore(this, tags, name, tagFn);
    }

    function helpers(name, helperFn) {
        // Register helper functions for use in templates (or in data-link expressions if JsViews is loaded)
        // Setter: Use $.view.helpers( name, helperFn ) or $.view.helpers({ name: helperFn, ... }) to add additional helpers to the registered helpers collection.
        // Getter: Use var helperFn = $.views.helpers( name ) or $.views.helpers[name] or $.views.helpers.name to return the function.
        // Remove: Use $.view.helpers( name, null ) to remove a registered helper function from $.view.helpers.
        // Within a template, access the helper using the syntax: {{... ~myHelper(...) ...}}.
        return addToStore(this, helpers, name, helperFn);
    }

    function converters(name, converterFn) {
        // Register converter functions for use in templates (or in data-link expressions if JsViews is loaded)
        // Setter: Use $.view.converters( name, converterFn ) or $.view.converters({ name: converterFn, ... }) to add additional converters to the registered converters collection.
        // Getter: Use var converterFn = $.views.converters( name ) or $.views.converters[name] or $.views.converters.name to return the converter function.
        // Remove: Use $.view.converters( name, null ) to remove a registered converter from $.view.converters.
        // Within a template, access the converter using the syntax: {{myConverter:...}}.
        return addToStore(this, converters, name, converterFn);
    }

    //=================
    // renderContent
    //=================

    function renderContent(data, context, parentView, key, isLayout, path, onRender) {
        // Render template against data as a tree of subviews (nested template), or as a string (top-level template).
        var i, l, dataItem, newView, itemWrap, itemsWrap, itemResult, parentContext, tmpl, props, hasProp, swapContent, isLayout, mergedCtx,
			self = this,
			result = "";

        if (key === TRUE) {
            swapContent = TRUE;
            key = 0;
        }
        if (self.isTag) {
            // This is a call from renderTag
            tmpl = self.tmpl;
            props = self.props;
            // self.props is an object with the named parameters on the tag, such as foo: {{tag foo=expression...}}
            if (props && props.link) {
                // We will override inherited value of link by the explicit setting link=false taken from props
                // The child views of an unlinked view are also unlinked. So setting child back to true will not have any effect.
                delete props.link;
                // Note: if link was set to false, then the prop.link prop is still there (with value: false), and will be added to ctx.
            }
            for (hasProp in props) { break; } // Find out if there are any props
            if (context || self.ctx || hasProp) {
                // We need to create an augmented context for the view(s) we are about to render
                mergedCtx = {};
                if (hasProp) {
                    // self.props is an object with the named parameters on the tag, such as foo: {{tag foo=expression link=false...}}
                    extend(mergedCtx, props);
                }
                if (self.ctx) {
                    // self.ctx is an object with the contextual template parameters on the tag, such as ~foo: {{tag ~foo=expression...}}
                    extend(mergedCtx, self.ctx);
                }
                if (context) {
                    // This is a context object passed programmatically from the tag function
                    extend(mergedCtx, context);
                }
            }
            context = mergedCtx;
            parentView = parentView || self.view;
            path = path || self.path;
            key = key || self.key;
        } else {
            tmpl = self.jquery && self[0] // This is a call from $(selector).render
			|| self; // This is a call from tmpl.render
        }
        if (tmpl) {
            if (parentView) {
                parentContext = parentView.ctx;
                if (data === parentView) {
                    // Inherit the data from the parent view.
                    // This may be the contents of an {{if}} block
                    // Set isLayout = true so we don't iterate the if block if the data is an array.
                    data = parentView.data;
                    isLayout = TRUE;
                }
                onRender = onRender || parentView._onRender;
            } else {
                parentContext = jsv.helpers;
            }

            // Set additional context on views created here, (as modified context inherited from the parent, and to be inherited by child views)
            // Note: If no jQuery, extend does not support chained copies - so limit extend() to two parameters
            // TODO could make this a reusable helper for merging context.
            context = (context && context !== parentContext)
				? extend(extend({}, parentContext), context)
				: parentContext;

            if (!tmpl.fn) {
                tmpl = templates[tmpl] || templates(tmpl);
            }

            if (tmpl) {
                onRender = context.link !== FALSE && onRender; // If link===false, do not call onRender, so no data-linking annotations
                if ($.isArray(data) && !isLayout) {
                    // Create a view for the array, whose child views correspond to each data item.
                    // (Note: if key and parentView are passed in along with parent view, treat as
                    // insert -e.g. from view.addViews - so parentView is already the view item for array)
                    newView = swapContent ? parentView : (key !== undefined && parentView) || View(context, path, parentView, data, tmpl, key, onRender, TRUE);
                    for (i = 0, l = data.length; i < l; i++) {
                        // Create a view for each data item.
                        dataItem = data[i];
                        itemResult = tmpl.fn(dataItem, View(context, path, newView, dataItem, tmpl, (key || 0) + i, onRender), jsv);
                        result += onRender ? onRender(itemResult, tmpl, props) : itemResult;
                    }
                } else {
                    // Create a view for singleton data object.
                    newView = swapContent ? parentView : View(context, path, parentView, data, tmpl, key, onRender);
                    newView._onRender = onRender;
                    result += tmpl.fn(data, newView, jsv);
                }
                return onRender ? onRender(result, tmpl, props, newView.key, path) : result;
            }
        }
        return ""; // No tmpl. Could throw...
    }

    //===========================
    // Build and compile template
    //===========================

    // Generate a reusable function that will serve to render a template against data
    // (Compile AST then build template function)

    function syntaxError(message, e) {
        throw (e ? (e.name + ': "' + e.message + '"') : "Syntax error") + (message ? (" \n" + message) : "");
    }

    function tmplFn(markup, tmpl, bind) {
        // Compile markup to AST (abtract syntax tree) then build the template function code from the AST nodes
        // Used for compiling templates, and also by JsViews to build functions for data link expressions
        var newNode, node, i, l, code, hasTag, hasEncoder, getsValue, hasConverter, hasViewPath, tag, converter, params, hash, nestedTmpl, allowCode,
			tmplOptions = tmpl ? {
			    allowCode: allowCode = tmpl.allowCode,
			    debug: tmpl.debug
			} : {},
			nested = tmpl && tmpl.tmpls,
			astTop = [],
			loc = 0,
			stack = [],
			content = astTop,
			current = [, , , astTop],
			nestedIndex = 0;

        //==== nested functions ====
        function pushPreceedingContent(shift) {
            shift -= loc;
            if (shift) {
                content.push(markup.substr(loc, shift).replace(rNewLine, "\\n"));
            }
        }

        function parseTag(all, tagName, converter, colon, html, code, params, slash, closeBlock, index) {
            //                  tag           converter colon  html  code     params         slash   closeBlock
            //      /{{(?:(?:(\w+(?=[\/!\s\}!]))|(?:(\w+)?(:)|(?:(>)|(\*)))((?:[^\}]|}(?!}))*?)(\/)?|(?:\/(\w+)))}}/g;
            // Build abstract syntax tree (AST): [ tagName, converter, params, content, hash, contentMarkup ]
            if (html) {
                colon = ":";
                converter = "html";
            }
            var hash = "",
				passedCtx = "",
				// Block tag if not self-closing and not {{:}} or {{>}} (special case) and not a data-link expression (has bind parameter)
				block = !slash && !colon && !bind;

            //==== nested helper function ====

            tagName = tagName || colon;
            pushPreceedingContent(index);
            loc = index + all.length; // location marker - parsed up to here
            if (code) {
                if (allowCode) {
                    content.push(["*", params.replace(rUnescapeQuotes, "$1")]);
                }
            } else if (tagName) {
                if (tagName === "else") {
                    current[5] = markup.substring(current[5], index); // contentMarkup for block tag
                    current = stack.pop();
                    content = current[3];
                    block = TRUE;
                }
                params = (params
				? parseParams(params, bind)
					.replace(rBuildHash, function (all, isCtx, keyValue) {
					    if (isCtx) {
					        passedCtx += keyValue + ",";
					    } else {
					        hash += keyValue + ",";
					    }
					    return "";
					})
				: "");
                hash = hash.slice(0, -1);
                params = params.slice(0, -1);
                newNode = [
				tagName,
				converter || "",
				params,
				block && [],
				"{" + (hash ? ("props:{" + hash + "},") : "") + "path:'" + params + "'" + (passedCtx ? ",ctx:{" + passedCtx.slice(0, -1) + "}" : "") + "}"
                ];
                if (block) {
                    stack.push(current);
                    current = newNode;
                    current[5] = loc; // Store current location of open tag, to be able to add contentMarkup when we reach closing tag
                }
                content.push(newNode);
            } else if (closeBlock) {
                    //if ( closeBlock !== current[ 0 ]) {
                    //	throw "unmatched close tag: /" + closeBlock + ". Expected /" + current[ 0 ];
                    //}
                current[5] = markup.substring(current[5], index); // contentMarkup for block tag
                current = stack.pop();
            }
            if (!current) {
                throw "Expected block tag";
            }
            content = current[3];
        }
        //==== /end of nested functions ====

        markup = markup.replace(rEscapeQuotes, "\\$1");

        // Build the AST (abstract syntax tree) under astTop
        markup.replace(rTag, parseTag);

        pushPreceedingContent(markup.length);

        // Use the AST (astTop) to build the template function
        l = astTop.length;
        code = (l ? "" : '"";');

        for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
            // AST nodes: [ tagName, converter, params, content, hash, contentMarkup ]
            node = astTop[i];
            if ("" + node === node) { // type string
                code += '"' + node + '"+';
            } else if (node[0] === "*") {
                code = code.slice(0, i ? -1 : -3) + ";" + node[1] + (i + 1 < l ? "ret+=" : "");
            } else {
                tag = node[0];
                converter = node[1];
                params = node[2];
                content = node[3];
                hash = node[4];
                markup = node[5];
                if (content) {
                    // Create template object for nested template
                    nestedTmpl = TmplObject(markup, tmplOptions, tmpl, nestedIndex++);
                    // Compile to AST and then to compiled function
                    tmplFn(markup, nestedTmpl);
                    nested.push(nestedTmpl);
                }
                hasViewPath = hasViewPath || hash.indexOf("view") > -1;
                code += (tag === ":"
				? (converter === "html"
					? (hasEncoder = TRUE, "e(" + params)
					: converter
						? (hasConverter = TRUE, 'c("' + converter + '",view,this,' + params)
						: (getsValue = TRUE, "((v=" + params + ')!=u?v:""')
				)
				: (hasTag = TRUE, 't("' + tag + '",view,this,"' + (converter || "") + '",'
					+ (content ? nested.length : '""') // For block tags, pass in the key (nested.length) to the nested content template
					+ "," + hash + (params ? "," : "") + params))
					+ ")+";
            }
        }
        code = fnDeclStr
		+ (getsValue ? "v," : "")
		+ (hasTag ? "t=j._tag," : "")
		+ (hasConverter ? "c=j._convert," : "")
		+ (hasEncoder ? "e=j.converters.html," : "")
		+ "ret; try{\n\n"
		+ (tmplOptions.debug ? "debugger;" : "")
		+ (allowCode ? 'ret=' : 'return ')
		+ code.slice(0, -1) + ";\n\n"
		+ (allowCode ? "return ret;" : "")
		+ "}catch(e){return j._err(e);}";

        try {
            code = new Function("data, view, j, b, u", code);
        } catch (e) {
            syntaxError("Error in compiled template code:\n" + code, e);
        }

        // Include only the var references that are needed in the code
        if (tmpl) {
            tmpl.fn = code;
        }
        return code;
    }

    function parseParams(params, bind) {
        var named,
			fnCall = {},
			parenDepth = 0,
			quoted = FALSE, // boolean for string content in double quotes
			aposed = FALSE; // or in single quotes

        function parseTokens(all, lftPrn0, lftPrn, path, operator, err, eq, path2, prn, comma, lftPrn2, apos, quot, rtPrn, prn2, space) {
            // rParams = /(?:([([])\s*)?(?:([#~]?[\w$.]+)?\s*((\+\+|--)|\+|-|&&|\|\||===|!==|==|!=|<=|>=|[<>%*!:?\/]|(=))\s*|([#~]?[\w$.^]+)([([])?)|(,\s*)|(\(?)\\?(?:(')|("))|(?:\s*([)\]])([([]?))|(\s+)/g,
            //            lftPrn                  path    operator err                                                eq         path2       prn    comma   lftPrn3   apos quot        rtPrn   prn2   space
            // (left paren? followed by (path? followed by operator) or (path followed by paren?)) or comma or apos or quot or right paren or space
            operator = operator || "";
            lftPrn = lftPrn || lftPrn0 || lftPrn2;
            path = path || path2;
            prn = prn || prn2 || "";
            operator = operator || "";
            var bindParam = bind && prn !== "(";

            function parsePath(all, object, helper, view, viewProperty, pathTokens, leafToken) {
                // rPath = /^(?:null|true|false|\d[\d.]*|([\w$]+|~([\w$]+)|#(view|([\w$]+))?)([\w$.]*?)(?:[.[]([\w$]+)\]?)?|(['"]).*\8)$/g,
                //                                        object   helper    view  viewProperty pathTokens   leafToken     string
                if (object) {
                    var leaf,
						ret = (helper
							? 'view._hlp("' + helper + '")'
							: view
								? "view"
								: "data")
						+ (leafToken
							? (viewProperty
								? "." + viewProperty
								: helper
									? ""
									: (view ? "" : "." + object)
								) + (pathTokens || "")
							: (leafToken = helper ? "" : view ? viewProperty || "" : object, ""));

                    leaf = (leafToken ? "." + leafToken : "")
                    if (!bindParam) {
                        ret = ret + leaf;
                    }
                    ret = ret.slice(0, 9) === "view.data"
					? ret.slice(5) // convert #view.data... to data...
					: ret;
                    if (bindParam) {
                        ret = "b(" + ret + ',"' + leafToken + '")' + leaf;
                    }
                    return ret;
                }
                return all;
            }

            if (err) {
                syntaxError();
            } else {
                return (aposed
				// within single-quoted string
				? (aposed = !apos, (aposed ? all : '"'))
				: quoted
				// within double-quoted string
					? (quoted = !quot, (quoted ? all : '"'))
					:
				(
					(lftPrn
							? (parenDepth++, lftPrn)
							: "")
					+ (space
						? (parenDepth
							? ""
							: named
								? (named = FALSE, "\b")
								: ","
						)
						: eq
				// named param
							? (parenDepth && syntaxError(), named = TRUE, '\b' + path + ':')
							: path
				// path
								? (path.replace(rPath, parsePath)
									+ (prn
										? (fnCall[++parenDepth] = TRUE, prn)
										: operator)
								)
								: operator
									? operator
									: rtPrn
				// function
										? ((fnCall[parenDepth--] = FALSE, rtPrn)
											+ (prn
												? (fnCall[++parenDepth] = TRUE, prn)
												: "")
										)
										: comma
											? (fnCall[parenDepth] || syntaxError(), ",") // We don't allow top-level literal arrays or objects
											: lftPrn0
												? ""
												: (aposed = apos, quoted = quot, '"')
				))
			);
            }
        }
        params = (params + " ").replace(rParams, parseTokens);
        return params;
    }

    function compile(name, tmpl, parent, options) {
        // tmpl is either a template object, a selector for a template script block, the name of a compiled template, or a template object
        // options is the set of template properties, c
        var tmplOrMarkup, elem, key, nested, nestedItem;

        //==== nested functions ====
        function tmplOrMarkupFromStr(value) {
            // If value is of type string - treat as selector, or name of compiled template
            // Return the template object, if already compiled, or the markup string

            if (("" + value === value) || value.nodeType > 0) {
                try {
                    elem = value.nodeType > 0
					? value
					: !rTmplString.test(value)
					// If value is a string and does not contain HTML or tag content, then test as selector
						&& jQuery && jQuery(value)[0];
                    // If selector is valid and returns at least one element, get first element
                    // If invalid, jQuery will throw. We will stay with the original string.
                } catch (e) { }

                if (elem) {
                    if (!elem.type) {
                        // If elem is not a script element, return undefined
                        return;
                    }
                    // It is a script element
                    // Create a name for data linking if none provided
                    value = templates[elem.getAttribute(tmplAttr)];
                    if (!value) {
                        // Not already compiled and cached, so compile and cache the name
                        name = name || "_" + autoTmplName++;
                        elem.setAttribute(tmplAttr, name);
                        value = compile(name, elem.innerHTML, parent, options); // Use tmpl as options
                        templates[name] = value;
                    }
                }
                return value;
            }
            // If value is not a string, return undefined
        }

        //==== Compile the template ====
        tmpl = tmpl || "";
        tmplOrMarkup = tmplOrMarkupFromStr(tmpl);

        // If tmpl is a template object, use it for options
        options = options || (tmpl.markup ? tmpl : {});
        options.name = name;
        nested = options.templates;

        // If tmpl is not a markup string or a selector string, then it must be a template object
        // In that case, get it from the markup property of the object
        if (!tmplOrMarkup && tmpl.markup && (tmplOrMarkup = tmplOrMarkupFromStr(tmpl.markup))) {
            if (tmplOrMarkup.fn && (tmplOrMarkup.debug !== tmpl.debug || tmplOrMarkup.allowCode !== tmpl.allowCode)) {
                // if the string references a compiled template object, but the debug or allowCode props are different, need to recompile
                tmplOrMarkup = tmplOrMarkup.markup;
            }
        }
        if (tmplOrMarkup !== undefined) {
            if (name && !parent) {
                render[name] = function () {
                    return tmpl.render.apply(tmpl, arguments);
                };
            }
            if (tmplOrMarkup.fn || tmpl.fn) {
                // tmpl is already compiled, so use it, or if different name is provided, clone it
                if (tmplOrMarkup.fn) {
                    if (name && name !== tmplOrMarkup.name) {
                        tmpl = extend(extend({}, tmplOrMarkup), options);
                    } else {
                        tmpl = tmplOrMarkup;
                    }
                }
            } else {
                // tmplOrMarkup is a markup string, not a compiled template
                // Create template object
                tmpl = TmplObject(tmplOrMarkup, options, parent, 0);
                // Compile to AST and then to compiled function
                tmplFn(tmplOrMarkup, tmpl);
            }
            for (key in nested) {
                // compile nested template declarations
                nestedItem = nested[key];
                if (nestedItem.name !== key) {
                    nested[key] = compile(key, nestedItem, tmpl);
                }
            }
            return tmpl;
        }
    }
    //==== /end of function compile ====

    function TmplObject(markup, options, parent, key) {
        // Template object constructor

        // nested helper function
        function extendStore(storeName) {
            if (parent[storeName]) {
                // Include parent items except if overridden by item of same name in options
                tmpl[storeName] = extend(extend({}, parent[storeName]), options[storeName]);
            }
        }

        options = options || {};
        var tmpl = {
            markup: markup,
            tmpls: [],
            links: [],
            render: renderContent
        };

        if (parent) {
            if (parent.templates) {
                tmpl.templates = extend(extend({}, parent.templates), options.templates);
            }
            tmpl.parent = parent;
            tmpl.name = parent.name + "[" + key + "]";
            tmpl.key = key;
        }

        extend(tmpl, options);
        if (parent) {
            extendStore("templates");
            extendStore("tags");
            extendStore("helpers");
            extendStore("converters");
        }
        return tmpl;
    }

    //========================== Initialize ==========================

    if (jQuery) {
        ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
        // jQuery is loaded, so make $ the jQuery object
        $ = jQuery;
        $.templates = templates;
        $.render = render;
        $.views = jsv;
        $.fn.render = renderContent;

    } else {
        ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
        // jQuery is not loaded.

        $ = global.jsviews = jsv;
        $.extend = function (target, source) {
            var name;
            target = target || {};
            for (name in source) {
                target[name] = source[name];
            }
            return target;
        };

        $.isArray = Array && Array.isArray || function (obj) {
            return Object.prototype.toString.call(obj) === "[object Array]";
        };
    }

    extend = $.extend;

    function replacerForHtml(ch) {
        // Original code from Mike Samuel <msamuel@google.com>
        return escapeMapForHtml[ch]
			// Intentional assignment that caches the result of encoding ch.
			|| (escapeMapForHtml[ch] = "&#" + ch.charCodeAt(0) + ";");
    }

    //========================== Register tags ==========================

    tags({
        "if": function () {
            var ifTag = this,
				view = ifTag.view;

            view.onElse = function (tagObject, args) {
                var i = 0,
					l = args.length;

                while (l && !args[i++]) {
                    // Only render content if args.length === 0 (i.e. this is an else with no condition) or if a condition argument is truey
                    if (i === l) {
                        return "";
                    }
                }
                view.onElse = undefined; // If condition satisfied, so won't run 'else'.
                tagObject.path = "";
                return tagObject.renderContent(view);
                // Test is satisfied, so render content, while remaining in current data context
                // By passing the view, we inherit data context from the parent view, and the content is treated as a layout template
                // (so if the data is an array, it will not iterate over the data
            };
            return view.onElse(this, arguments);
        },
        "else": function () {
            var view = this.view;
            return view.onElse ? view.onElse(this, arguments) : "";
        },
        "for": function () {
            var i,
				self = this,
				result = "",
				args = arguments,
				l = args.length;

            if (l === 0) {
                // If no parameters, render once, with #data undefined
                l = 1;
            }
            for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
                result += self.renderContent(args[i]);
            }
            return result;
        },
        "*": function (value) {
            return value;
        }
    });

    //========================== Register global helpers ==========================

    //	helpers({ // Global helper functions
    //		// TODO add any useful built-in helper functions
    //	});

    //========================== Register converters ==========================

    converters({
        html: function (text) {
            // HTML encoding helper: Replace < > & and ' and " by corresponding entities.
            // inspired by Mike Samuel <msamuel@google.com>
            return text != undefined ? String(text).replace(htmlSpecialChar, replacerForHtml) : "";
        }
    });

    //========================== Define default delimiters ==========================
    setDelimiters();

})(this);