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C# MIDI Toolkit

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18 Apr 2007MIT18 min read 3.1M   41.7K   303  
A toolkit for creating MIDI applications with C#.
#region License

/* Copyright (c) 2006 Leslie Sanford
 * 
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy 
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to 
 * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the 
 * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or 
 * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is 
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 * 
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in 
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. 
 * 
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR 
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, 
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE 
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER 
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, 
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN 
 * THE SOFTWARE.
 */

#endregion

#region Contact

/*
 * Leslie Sanford
 * Email: jabberdabber@hotmail.com
 */

#endregion

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using Multimedia;

namespace Multimedia.Midi
{
	/// <summary>
	/// Generates clock events internally.
	/// </summary>
	public class MidiInternalClock : PpqnClock, IComponent, ISource<SysRealtimeMessage>
    {
        #region MidiInternalClock Members

        #region Fields

        private delegate void GenericDelegate<T>(T args);

        // Used for generating tick events.
        private Multimedia.Timer timer = new Timer();

        // Parses meta message tempo change messages.
        private TempoChangeBuilder builder = new TempoChangeBuilder();

        // Indicates whether the clock is in master mode.
        private bool masterEnabled = false;

        // Tick accumulator.
        private int ticks = 0;

        private Notifier<SysRealtimeMessage> sysRealtimeNotifier = new Notifier<SysRealtimeMessage>();

        // Indicates whether the clock has been disposed.
        private bool disposed = false;

        private ISite site = null;

        #endregion

        #region Construction

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes a new instance of the MidiInternalClock class.
        /// </summary>
		public MidiInternalClock() : base(Timer.Capabilities.periodMin)
		{ 
            timer.Period = Timer.Capabilities.periodMin;
            timer.Tick += new EventHandler(HandleTick); 
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes a new instance of the MidiInternalClock class with the 
        /// specified IContainer.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="container">
        /// The IContainer to which the MidiInternalClock will add itself.
        /// </param>
        public MidiInternalClock(IContainer container) : 
            base(Timer.Capabilities.periodMin)
        {
            ///
            /// Required for Windows.Forms Class Composition Designer support
            ///
            container.Add(this);

            timer.Period = Timer.Capabilities.periodMin;
            timer.Tick += new EventHandler(HandleTick);
        }

        #endregion

        #region Methods

        /// <summary>
        /// Starts the MidiInternalClock.
        /// </summary>
        public void Start()
        {
            #region Require

            if(disposed)
            {
                throw new ObjectDisposedException("MidiInternalClock");
            }

            #endregion

            #region Guard

            if(running)
            {
                return;
            }

            #endregion

            Reset();

            // If master mode is enabled.
            if(MasterEnabled)
            {
                // Send system realtime start message.

                if(SynchronizingObject != null &&
                    SynchronizingObject.InvokeRequired)
                {
                    SynchronizingObject.BeginInvoke(
                        new GenericDelegate<SysRealtimeMessage>(sysRealtimeNotifier.Notify),
                        new object[] { SysRealtimeMessage.StartMessage });
                }
                else
                {
                    sysRealtimeNotifier.Notify(SysRealtimeMessage.StartMessage);
                }
            }          

            // Start the multimedia timer in order to start generating ticks.
            timer.Start();

            // Indicate that the clock is now running.
            running = true;

            // Raise Started event.
            if(SynchronizingObject != null &&
                SynchronizingObject.InvokeRequired)
            {
                SynchronizingObject.BeginInvoke(
                    new GenericDelegate<EventArgs>(OnStarted),
                    new object[] { EventArgs.Empty });
            }
            else
            {
                OnStarted(EventArgs.Empty);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Resumes tick generation from the current position.
        /// </summary>
        public void Continue()
        {
            #region Require

            if(disposed)
            {
                throw new ObjectDisposedException("MidiInternalClock");
            }

            #endregion

            #region Guard

            if(running)
            {
                return;
            }

            #endregion

            // If master mode is enabled.
            if(MasterEnabled)
            {
                // Send system realtime continue message.

                if(SynchronizingObject != null &&
                    SynchronizingObject.InvokeRequired)
                {
                    SynchronizingObject.BeginInvoke(
                        new GenericDelegate<SysRealtimeMessage>(sysRealtimeNotifier.Notify),
                        new object[] { SysRealtimeMessage.ContinueMessage });
                }
                else
                {
                    sysRealtimeNotifier.Notify(SysRealtimeMessage.ContinueMessage);
                }
            }

            // Start multimedia timer in order to start generating ticks.
            timer.Start();

            // Indicate that the clock is now running.
            running = true;

            // Raise Continued event.
            if(SynchronizingObject != null &&
                SynchronizingObject.InvokeRequired)
            {
                SynchronizingObject.BeginInvoke(
                    new GenericDelegate<EventArgs>(OnContinued),
                    new object[] { EventArgs.Empty });
            }
            else
            {
                OnContinued(EventArgs.Empty);
            }          
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Stops the MidiInternalClock.
        /// </summary>
        public void Stop()
        {
            #region Require

            if(disposed)
            {
                throw new ObjectDisposedException("MidiInternalClock");
            }

            #endregion

            #region Guard

            if(!running)
            {
                return;
            }

            #endregion

            // Stop the multimedia timer.
            timer.Stop();

            // If master mode is enabled.
            if(MasterEnabled)
            {
                // Send system realtime stop message.

                if(SynchronizingObject != null &&
                    SynchronizingObject.InvokeRequired)
                {
                    SynchronizingObject.BeginInvoke(
                        new GenericDelegate<SysRealtimeMessage>(sysRealtimeNotifier.Notify),
                        new object[] { SysRealtimeMessage.StopMessage });
                }
                else
                {
                    sysRealtimeNotifier.Notify(SysRealtimeMessage.StopMessage);
                }
            }

            // Indicate that the clock is not running.
            running = false;

            // Raise Stopped event.
            if(SynchronizingObject != null &&
                SynchronizingObject.InvokeRequired)
            {
                SynchronizingObject.BeginInvoke(
                    new GenericDelegate<EventArgs>(OnStopped),
                    new object[] { EventArgs.Empty });
            }
            else
            {
                OnStopped(EventArgs.Empty);
            }       
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Processes tempo MetaMessages. 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="message">
        /// The MetaMessage to process.
        /// </param>
        public void ProcessMessage(MetaMessage message)
        {
            #region Require

            if(message == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("message");
            }

            #endregion

            // If this is a tempo change message.
            if(message.MetaType == MetaType.Tempo)
            {
                TempoChangeBuilder builder = new TempoChangeBuilder(message);

                // Set the new tempo.
                Tempo = builder.Tempo;
            }
        }

        #region Event Raiser Methods

        protected virtual void OnDisposed(EventArgs e)
        {
            EventHandler handler = Disposed;

            if(handler != null)
            {
                handler(this, e);
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region Event Handler Methods

        // Handles Tick events generated by the multimedia timer.
        private void HandleTick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            int t = GenerateTicks();

            OnTick(t);

            ticks += t;

            if(MasterEnabled)
            {
                while(ticks >= TicksPerClock)
                {
                    ticks -= TicksPerClock;

                    sysRealtimeNotifier.Notify(SysRealtimeMessage.ClockMessage);
                }
            }             
        }        

        #endregion

        #endregion

        #region Properties

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets a value indicating whether the master mode has been
        /// enabled.
        /// </summary>
        public bool MasterEnabled
        {
            get
            {
                #region Require

                if(disposed)
                {
                    throw new ObjectDisposedException("MidiInternalClock");
                }

                #endregion

                return masterEnabled;
            }
            set
            {
                #region Require

                if(disposed)
                {
                    throw new ObjectDisposedException("MidiInternalClock");
                }

                #endregion

                masterEnabled = value;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the tempo in microseconds per beat.
        /// </summary>
        public int Tempo
        {
            get
            {
                #region Require

                if(disposed)
                {
                    throw new ObjectDisposedException("MidiInternalClock");
                }

                #endregion

                return GetTempo();
            }
            set
            {
                #region Require

                if(disposed)
                {
                    throw new ObjectDisposedException("MidiInternalClock");
                }

                #endregion

                SetTempo(value);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the ISynchronizeInvoke object to use for marshaling
        /// events.
        /// </summary>
        public ISynchronizeInvoke SynchronizingObject
        {
            get
            {
                #region Require

                if(disposed)
                {
                    throw new ObjectDisposedException("MidiInternalClock");
                }

                #endregion

                return timer.SynchronizingObject;
            }
            set
            {
                #region Require

                if(disposed)
                {
                    throw new ObjectDisposedException("MidiInternalClock");
                }

                #endregion

                timer.SynchronizingObject = value;
            }
        }        

        #endregion

        #endregion

        #region IComponent Members

        public event EventHandler Disposed;

        public ISite Site
        {
            get
            {
                return site;
            }
            set
            {
                site = value;
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region IDisposable Members

        public void Dispose()
        {
            #region Guard

            if(disposed)
            {
                return;
            }

            #endregion            

            if(running)
            {
                // Stop the multimedia timer.
                timer.Stop();
            }            

            disposed = true;             

            timer.Dispose();

            GC.SuppressFinalize(this);

            OnDisposed(EventArgs.Empty);
        }

        #endregion

        #region ISource<SysRealtimeMessage> Members

        public void Connect(Sink<SysRealtimeMessage> sink)
        {
            sysRealtimeNotifier.Connect(sink);
        }

        public void Disconnect(Sink<SysRealtimeMessage> sink)
        {
            sysRealtimeNotifier.Disconnect(sink);
        }

        #endregion
    }
}

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License

This article, along with any associated source code and files, is licensed under The MIT License


Written By
United States United States
Aside from dabbling in BASIC on his old Atari 1040ST years ago, Leslie's programming experience didn't really begin until he discovered the Internet in the late 90s. There he found a treasure trove of information about two of his favorite interests: MIDI and sound synthesis.

After spending a good deal of time calculating formulas he found on the Internet for creating new sounds by hand, he decided that an easier way would be to program the computer to do the work for him. This led him to learn C. He discovered that beyond using programming as a tool for synthesizing sound, he loved programming in and of itself.

Eventually he taught himself C++ and C#, and along the way he immersed himself in the ideas of object oriented programming. Like many of us, he gotten bitten by the design patterns bug and a copy of GOF is never far from his hands.

Now his primary interest is in creating a complete MIDI toolkit using the C# language. He hopes to create something that will become an indispensable tool for those wanting to write MIDI applications for the .NET framework.

Besides programming, his other interests are photography and playing his Les Paul guitars.

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