Introducing .NET 4.0 Parallel Programming

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------
// 
//  Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved. 
// 
//  File: FileAsync.cs
//
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------

using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace System.IO
{
    /// <summary>Provides asynchronous counterparts to members of the File class.</summary>
    public static class FileAsync
    {
        private const int BUFFER_SIZE = 0x2000;

        /// <summary>Opens an existing file for asynchronous reading.</summary>
        /// <param name="path">The path to the file to be opened for reading.</param>
        /// <returns>A read-only FileStream on the specified path.</returns>
        public static FileStream OpenRead(string path)
        {
            // Open a file stream for reading and that supports asynchronous I/O
            return new FileStream(path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read, BUFFER_SIZE, true);
        }

        /// <summary>Opens an existing file for asynchronous writing.</summary>
        /// <param name="path">The path to the file to be opened for writing.</param>
        /// <returns>An unshared FileStream on the specified path with access for writing.</returns>
        public static FileStream OpenWrite(string path)
        {
            // Open a file stream for writing and that supports asynchronous I/O
            return new FileStream(path, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None, BUFFER_SIZE, true);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Opens a binary file for asynchronosu operation, reads the contents of the file into a byte array, and then closes the file.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="path">The path to the file to be read.</param>
        /// <returns>A task that will contain the contents of the file.</returns>
        public static Task<byte[]> ReadAllBytes(string path)
        {
            // Open the file for reading
            var fs = OpenRead(path);

            // Read all of its contents
            var asyncRead = fs.ReadAllBytesAsync();

            // When we're done reading its contents, close the file and propagate the file's contents
            var closedFile = asyncRead.ContinueWith(t =>
            {
                fs.Close();
                return t.Result;
            }, TaskContinuationOptions.ExecuteSynchronously);

            // Return the task that represents the entire operation being complete and that returns the
            // file's contents
            return closedFile;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Opens a binary file for asynchronous operation, writes the contents of the byte array into the file, and then closes the file.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="path">The path to the file to be written.</param>
        /// <returns>A task that will signal the completion of the operation.</returns>
        public static Task WriteAllBytes(string path, byte[] bytes)
        {
            // Open the file for writing
            var fs = OpenWrite(path);

            // Write the contents to the file
            var asyncWrite = fs.WriteAsync(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);

            // When complete, close the file and propagate any exceptions
            var closedFile = asyncWrite.ContinueWith(t => 
            {
                var e = t.Exception;
                fs.Close();
                if (e != null) throw e;
            }, TaskContinuationOptions.ExecuteSynchronously);

            // Return a task that represents the operation having completed
            return closedFile;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Opens a text file for asynchronosu operation, reads the contents of the file into a string, and then closes the file.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="path">The path to the file to be read.</param>
        /// <returns>A task that will contain the contents of the file.</returns>
        public static Task<string> ReadAllText(string path)
        {
            // Create a StringBuilder to store the text from the file and an encoding object to decode the
            // contents of the file
            var text = new StringBuilder();
            var encoding = new UTF8Encoding();

            // Open the file for reading
            var fs = OpenRead(path);

            // Continually read buffers from the file, decoding them and storing the results into the StringBuilder
            var asyncRead = fs.ReadBuffersAsync(BUFFER_SIZE, (buffer, count) => text.Append(encoding.GetString(buffer, 0, count)));

            // When done, close the file, propagate any exceptions, and return the decoded text
            return asyncRead.ContinueWith(t =>
            {
                var e = t.Exception;
                fs.Close();
                if (e != null) throw e;
                return text.ToString();
            }, TaskContinuationOptions.ExecuteSynchronously);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Opens a text file for asynchronosu operation, writes a string into the file, and then closes the file.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="path">The path to the file to be written.</param>
        /// <returns>A task that will signal the completion of the operation.</returns>
        public static Task WriteAllText(string path, string contents)
        {
            // First encode the string contents into a byte array
            var encoded = Task.Factory.StartNew(
                state => Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes((string)state), 
                contents);

            // When encoding is done, write all of the contents to the file.  Return
            // a task that represents the completion of that write.
            return encoded.ContinueWith(t => WriteAllBytes(path, t.Result)).Unwrap();
        }
    }
}