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Real time, Asynchronous Web Pages using jTable, SignalR and ASP.NET MVC

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17 Jan 2012CPOL8 min read 300.6K   10.9K   239  
Real time, asynchronous web pages using jTable, SignalR and ASP.NET MVC
/// <reference path="jquery-1.6.2.js" />
(function ($, window) {
    /// <param name="$" type="jQuery" />
    "use strict";

    if (typeof ($) !== "function") {
        // no jQuery!
        throw "SignalR: jQuery not found. Please ensure jQuery is referenced before the SignalR.js file.";
    }

    if (!window.JSON) {
        // no JSON!
        throw "SignalR: No JSON parser found. Please ensure json2.js is referenced before the SignalR.js file if you need to support clients without native JSON parsing support, e.g. IE<8.";
    }

    var signalR, _connection;

    signalR = function (url) {
        /// <summary>Creates a new SignalR connection for the given url</summary>
        /// <param name="url" type="String">The URL of the long polling endpoint</param>
        /// <returns type="signalR" />

        return new signalR.fn.init(url);
    };

    signalR.fn = signalR.prototype = {
        init: function (url) {
            this.url = url;
        },

        start: function (options, callback) {
            /// <summary>Starts the connection</summary>
            /// <param name="options" type="Object">Options map</param>
            /// <param name="callback" type="Function">A callback function to execute when the connection has started</param>
            /// <returns type="signalR" />
            var connection = this,
                config = {
                    transport: "auto"
                },
                initialize;

            if (connection.transport) {
                // Already started, just return
                return connection;
            }

            if ($.type(options) === "function") {
                // Support calling with single callback parameter
                callback = options;
            } else if ($.type(options) === "object") {
                $.extend(config, options);
                if ($.type(config.callback) === "function") {
                    callback = config.callback;
                }
            }

            if ($.type(callback) === "function") {
                $(connection).bind("onStart", function (e, data) {
                    callback.call(connection);
                });
            }

            initialize = function (transports, index) {
                index = index || 0;
                if (index >= transports.length) {
                    if (!connection.transport) {
                        // No transport initialized successfully
                        throw "SignalR: No transport could be initialized successfully. Try specifying a different transport or none at all for auto initialization.";
                    }
                    return;
                }

                var transportName = transports[index],
                    transport = $.type(transportName) === "object" ? transportName : signalR.transports[transportName];

                transport.start(connection, function () {
                    connection.transport = transport;
                    $(connection).trigger("onStart");
                }, function () {
                    initialize(transports, index + 1);
                });
            };

            window.setTimeout(function () {
                $.post(connection.url + '/negotiate', {}, function (res) {
                    connection.appRelativeUrl = res.Url;
                    connection.clientId = res.ClientId;

                    $(connection).trigger("onStarting");

                    var transports = [],
                        supportedTransports = [];

                    $.each(signalR.transports, function (key) {
                        supportedTransports.push(key);
                    });

                    if ($.isArray(config.transport)) {
                        // ordered list provided
                        $.each(config.transport, function () {
                            var transport = this;
                            if ($.type(transport) === "object" || ($.type(transport) === "string" && $.inArray("" + transport, supportedTransports) >= 0)) {
                                transports.push($.type(transport) === "string" ? "" + transport : transport);
                            }
                        });
                    } else if ($.type(config.transport) === "object" ||
                                   $.inArray(config.transport, supportedTransports) >= 0) {
                        // specific transport provided, as object or a named transport, e.g. "longPolling"
                        transports.push(config.transport);
                    } else { // default "auto"
                        transports = supportedTransports;
                    }

                    initialize(transports);
                });
            }, 0);

            return connection;
        },

        starting: function (callback) {
            /// <summary>Adds a callback that will be invoked before the connection is started</summary>
            /// <param name="callback" type="Function">A callback function to execute when the connection is starting</param>
            /// <returns type="signalR" />
            var connection = this;

            $(connection).bind("onStarting", function (e, data) {
                callback.call(connection);
            });

            return connection;
        },

        send: function (data) {
            /// <summary>Sends data over the connection</summary>
            /// <param name="data" type="String">The data to send over the connection</param>
            /// <returns type="signalR" />
            var connection = this;

            if (!connection.transport) {
                // Connection hasn't been started yet
                throw "SignalR: Connection must be started before data can be sent. Call .start() before .send()";
            }

            connection.transport.send(connection, data);

            return connection;
        },

        sending: function (callback) {
            /// <summary>Adds a callback that will be invoked before anything is sent over the connection</summary>
            /// <param name="callback" type="Function">A callback function to execute before each time data is sent on the connection</param>
            /// <returns type="signalR" />
            var connection = this;
            $(connection).bind("onSending", function (e, data) {
                callback.call(connection);
            });
            return connection;
        },

        received: function (callback) {
            /// <summary>Adds a callback that will be invoked after anything is received over the connection</summary>
            /// <param name="callback" type="Function">A callback function to execute when any data is received on the connection</param>
            /// <returns type="signalR" />
            var connection = this;
            $(connection).bind("onReceived", function (e, data) {
                callback.call(connection, data);
            });
            return connection;
        },

        error: function (callback) {
            /// <summary>Adds a callback that will be invoked after an error occurs with the connection</summary>
            /// <param name="callback" type="Function">A callback function to execute when an error occurs on the connection</param>
            /// <returns type="signalR" />
            var connection = this;
            $(connection).bind("onError", function (e, data) {
                callback.call(connection);
            });
            return connection;
        },

        stop: function () {
            /// <summary>Stops listening</summary>
            /// <returns type="signalR" />
            var connection = this;

            if (connection.transport) {
                connection.transport.stop(connection);
                connection.transport = null;
            }

            return connection;
        }
    };

    signalR.fn.init.prototype = signalR.fn;

    // Transports
    signalR.transports = {

        webSockets: {
            send: function (connection, data) {
                connection.socket.send(data);
            },

            start: function (connection, onSuccess, onFailed) {
                var url,
                    opened = false,
                    protocol;

                if (window.MozWebSocket) {
                    window.WebSocket = window.MozWebSocket;
                }

                if (!window.WebSocket) {
                    onFailed();
                    return;
                }

                if (!connection.socket) {
                    // Build the url
                    url = document.location.host + connection.appRelativeUrl;

                    $(connection).trigger("onSending");
                    if (connection.data) {
                        url += "?connectionData=" + connection.data + "&transport=webSockets&clientId=" + connection.clientId;
                    } else {
                        url += "?transport=webSockets&clientId=" + connection.clientId;
                    }

                    protocol = document.location.protocol === "https:" ? "wss://" : "ws://";

                    connection.socket = new window.WebSocket(protocol + url);
                    connection.socket.onopen = function () {
                        opened = true;
                        if (onSuccess) {
                            onSuccess();
                        }
                    };

                    connection.socket.onclose = function (event) {
                        if (!opened) {
                            if (onFailed) {
                                onFailed();
                            } 
                        } else if (typeof event.wasClean != 'undefined' && event.wasClean === false) {
                            // Ideally this would use the websocket.onerror handler (rather than checking wasClean in onclose) but
                            // I found in some circumstances Chrome won't call onerror. This implementation seems to work on all browsers.
                            $(connection).trigger('onError');
                        }
                        connection.socket = null;
                    };

                    connection.socket.onmessage = function (event) {
                        var data = window.JSON.parse(event.data);
                        if (data) {
                            if (data.Messages) {
                                $.each(data.Messages, function () {
                                    $(connection).trigger("onReceived", [this]);
                                });
                            } else {
                                $(connection).trigger("onReceived", [data]);
                            }
                        }
                    };
                }
            },

            stop: function (connection) {
                if (connection.socket !== null) {
                    connection.socket.close();
                    connection.socket = null;
                }
            }
        },

        longPolling: {
            start: function (connection, onSuccess, onFailed) {
                /// <summary>Starts the long polling connection</summary>
                /// <param name="connection" type="signalR">The SignalR connection to start</param>
                if (connection.pollXhr) {
                    connection.stop();
                }

                connection.messageId = null;

                window.setTimeout(function () {
                    (function poll(instance) {
                        $(instance).trigger("onSending");

                        var messageId = instance.messageId,
                            connect = (messageId === null),
                            url = instance.url + (connect ? "/connect" : "");

                        instance.pollXhr = $.ajax(url, {
                            type: "POST",
                            data: {
                                clientId: instance.clientId,
                                messageId: messageId,
                                connectionData: instance.data,
                                transport: "longPolling",
                                groups: (instance.groups || []).toString()
                            },
                            dataType: "json",
                            success: function (data) {
                                var delay = 0;
                                if (data) {
                                    if (data.Messages) {
                                        $.each(data.Messages, function () {
                                            try {
                                                $(instance).trigger("onReceived", [this]);
                                            }
                                            catch (e) {
                                                if (console && console.log) {
                                                    console.log('Error raising received ' + e);
                                                }
                                            }
                                        });
                                    }
                                    instance.messageId = data.MessageId;
                                    if ($.type(data.TransportData.LongPollDelay) === "number") {
                                        delay = data.TransportData.LongPollDelay;
                                    }
                                    instance.groups = data.TransportData.Groups;
                                }
                                if (delay > 0) {
                                    window.setTimeout(function () {
                                        poll(instance);
                                    }, delay);
                                } else {
                                    poll(instance);
                                }
                            },
                            error: function (data, textStatus) {
                                if (textStatus === "abort") {
                                    return;
                                }

                                $(instance).trigger("onError", [data]);

                                window.setTimeout(function () {
                                    poll(instance);
                                }, 2 * 1000);
                            }
                        });
                    } (connection));

                    // Now connected
                    // There's no good way know when the long poll has actually started so 
                    // we and assume it only takes around 150ms (max) to start connection 
                    // to start.
                    setTimeout(onSuccess, 150);

                }, 250); // Have to delay initial poll so Chrome doesn't show loader spinner in tab
            },

            send: function (connection, data) {
                /// <summary>Sends data over this connection</summary>
                /// <param name="connection" type="signalR">The SignalR connection to send data over</param>
                /// <param name="data" type="String">The data to send</param>
                /// <param name="callback" type="Function">A callback to be invoked when the send has completed</param>
                $.ajax(connection.url + '/send', {
                    type: "POST",
                    dataType: "json",
                    data: {
                        data: data,
                        transport: "longPolling",
                        clientId: connection.clientId
                    },
                    success: function (result) {
                        if (result) {
                            $(connection).trigger("onReceived", [result]);
                        }
                    },
                    error: function (data, textStatus) {
                        if (textStatus === "abort") {
                            return;
                        }
                        $(connection).trigger("onError", [data]);
                    }
                });
            },

            stop: function (connection) {
                /// <summary>Stops the long polling connection</summary>
                /// <param name="connection" type="signalR">The SignalR connection to stop</param>
                if (connection.pollXhr) {
                    connection.pollXhr.abort();
                    connection.pollXhr = null;
                }
            }
        }
    };

    signalR.noConflict = function () {
        /// <summary>Reinstates the original value of $.connection and returns the signalR object for manual assignment</summary>
        /// <returns type="signalR" />
        if ($.connection === signalR) {
            $.connection = _connection;
        }
        return signalR;
    };

    if ($.connection) {
        _connection = $.connection;
    }

    $.connection = $.signalR = signalR;

} (window.jQuery, window));

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License

This article, along with any associated source code and files, is licensed under The Code Project Open License (CPOL)


Written By
Founder Volosoft
Turkey Turkey
I have started programming at 14 years old using Pascal as hobby. Then I interested in web development (HTML, JavaScript, ASP...) before university.

I graduated from Sakarya University Computer Engineering. At university, I learned C++, Visual Basic.NET, C#, ASP.NET and Java. I partly implemented ARP, IP and TCP protocols in Java as my final term project.

Now, I am working on Windows and web based software development mostly using Microsoft technologies in my own company.

My open source projects:

* ABP Framework: https://abp.io
* jTable: http://jtable.org
* Others: https://github.com/hikalkan

My personal web site:

https://halilibrahimkalkan.com

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