Beginners Introduction To XSL Transform : Rendering XML Data using XSL - Get HTML output

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Overview   

Some times we need to display the XML data in our web application in specific format. XSLT provides the ability to display the XML document in some specific format like HTML, PDF etc. We can select a a XML file or a portion of XML File and using XSL Transformation we can display in some specific format.  

An XSL transformation need an XML document to transform and an XSL style sheet describing how the transformation will take place. An XSLT engine then transforms the XML document via the XSL style sheet and will produce the output in the format specified by the style sheet.

Here I am just going to show you how we can display a XML data using XSL in our web page and which will help beginners to start with. This is an sample application. The XSL, which I have used over here is very simple. If you want to learn details on XSL please read tutorials from W3School.

How to Implement ? 

In this section I have described the steps which we need to follow to rendering a XML data using XSL. The source of the data can be any thing, we can load data from text file, database or can be an xml file itself. But at the time of XSLTranformation we need to provide the xml data format and the xsl file path.

The steps are,

1. Create Data Base : 

Rather than reading the data from XML, I have read the data from database. First of all I have created an DB, called Student with table name “StudentDetails” . Table contain some dummy data like, 

Fig: Sample Data

2. Add XSL File 

Before, reading the data from database, we have to create the XSL file, We can add XSL file by just right click on the project > Add New Item >Select XSLT File

Fig: Add New XSL File

I have put the xsl file in a specific folder called XSL. This is not mandatory to put the xsl file inside the XSL folder. we have to keep it in mind while provide the filepath for XSL rendering.

Fig : File Structure

3. Desing XSL 

Now, Designing XSL is one of the important task, and there are many things that is related with an XSL file desing . In my case XSL file is  very simple and there is no complexity to design the page, but if you need to learn in details, I will suggest you to read from W3School. First of all have a look into the XML data which I have got from the dataset.

And based on that we need to desing the XSL File. Below is the StudentDetails XSL. 

<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
 <xsl:template match="/">
<table width="100%" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="1"
 style="background-color:#123456;font-family:verdana;font-size:10pt;border:1">
<tr>
<td  width="10%"  align="left" >
 Roll</td>
<td width="70%" align="left">
 Name</td>
<td width="20%" align="left">
 Address</td>
</tr>
</table>
<xsl:for-each select="Students/Table">
<table width="100%" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="1"
 style="font-family:verdana;font-size:10pt;border:1">
<tr >
<td  width="10%"  align="left"   >
 <xsl:value-of select="Roll"/></td>
<td width="70%" align="left" >
 <xsl:value-of select="Name"/></td>
<td  width="20%" align="left" >
 <xsl:value-of select="Address"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
</xsl:for-each>
 </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

 The XML root node is started with  "Studnets/Table", and the XSL will read the content for each and every child. Following section of the XSL will do the job for that.

<xsl:for-each select="Students/Table"> 

Now, have a look into the code,  

What I did? I have just read the data from database and stored the data in a dataset. then just read the xml content from dataset using ,

string XMLString=ds.GetXml();

Below  is the complete code for read the data from database and read the xml string from dataset.

public string strstudentDetails = string.Empty;
 protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
 {
 string    _strConnectionString = "Data Source=.\\sqlexpress;Initial Catalog=Student;Integrated Security=True";
 string _strquery = "select * from studentDetails";
 SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(_strConnectionString);
 DataSet ds = new DataSet("Students");
 SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(_strquery, con);
 da.Fill(ds);
 //Get the XML From DataSet
 string strXML = ds.GetXml();
 strstudentDetails=GetHtml(Server.MapPath("~/xsl/studentDetails.xsl"), strXML);
 }

Now I have wrote a function GetHTML. GetHtml function actually doing the job. Its taking XSL Stylesheet and XML data as parameter peforming the XSL transformation and returning the html output

 /// <span class="code-SummaryComment"><summary></span>
 /// Get HTML From XML and XSL
 /// <span class="code-SummaryComment"></summary></span>
 ///<span class="code-SummaryComment"><param name="xsltPath">XSL File Path</param></span>
 ///<span class="code-SummaryComment"><param name="xml">XML String</param></span>
 /// <span class="code-SummaryComment"><returns>HTML Output</returns></span>
 public static string GetHtml(string xsltPath, string xml)
 {
 MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(ASCIIEncoding.Default.GetBytes(xml));
 XPathDocument document = new XPathDocument(stream);
 StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
 XslCompiledTransform transform = new XslCompiledTransform();
 transform.Load(xsltPath);
 transform.Transform(document, null, writer);
 return writer.ToString();
 }
 }

Now we have got the html data and we have to display the data to the page.  Below code is used to display the actual content into the page

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
 <title>Student Page</title>
</head>
<body>
 <form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<table >
<tr>
<td>
 <b>Student Info : Displying using XSL Rendering</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
 <%= strstudentDetails %></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>

Now, Run the web site, you will get the following output.

Hope this will help you to move ahead with XSL Transformation.

Thank you

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