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TNumEditBox is a free and open source numeric edit control in C# applications, which has the following features:
BackColor when control is ReadOnlyThere are already many open source controls for numeric edit, but most of which handle keyboard input only, few support mouse Cut, Copy, Paste and Clear in context menu, few process conventional shortcut keys such as Ctrl+X, Ctrl+C or Ctrl+V too.
TNumEditBox is a C# custom TextBox control for numeric edit. It references the famous freeware Delphi control PBNumEdit in PBEditPack, and part of its code lines are translated from Object Pascal in PBNumEdit.pas. But, there are some obvious differences in C# and Delphi:
PBNumEdit need not handle shortcut keys, it only overrides WMCut, WMPaste and WMCopy procedures.TNumEditBox must handle Ctrl+C and Ctrl+V in overridden ProcessCmdKey().TNumEditBox must handle WM_CUT, WM_COPY, WM_PASTE, WM_CLEAR messages instead of override as PBNumEdit does.Text edit box usually considers two input cases: one is keyboard input, the other is mouse operations, which correspond to TNumEditBox's two processing contents:
ProcessCmdKey, OnKeyDown, OnKeyPressWndProc() for mouse operations in context menuAnother important task in TNumEditBox is how to calculate the new this.SelectionStart value when char delete or text input, particularly in cases of shortcut keys and mouse operations.
The first key point is that TNumEditBox overrides OnKeyDown event to handle Delete key or BackSpace key, and clears selected text by ClearSelection() or deletes one char by DeleteText().
protected override void OnKeyDown(KeyEventArgs e)
{
base.OnKeyDown(e);
if (!this.ReadOnly)
{
if(e.KeyData == Keys.Delete || e.KeyData == Keys.Back)
{
if(this.SelectionLength > 0)
{
this.ClearSelection(); // clear first this.SelectedText
}
else
{
// delete char and recalculate this.SelectionStart
this.DeleteText(e.KeyData);
}
// does not transform event to KeyPress, but to KeyUp
e.SuppressKeyPress = true;
}
}
}
The commonly used shortcut keys include Ctrl+X, Ctrl+C and Ctrl+V. In .NET 2.0, the shortcut Ctrl+X can be captured by message WM_CUT in context menu, so only Ctrl+C and Ctrl+V need be considered in overridden ProcessCmdKey().
protected override bool ProcessCmdKey(ref Message msg, Keys keyData)
{
if (keyData == (Keys)Shortcut.CtrlV )
{
this.ClearSelection();
string text = Clipboard.GetText();
for (int k = 0; k < text.Length; k++) // cannot use SendKeys.Send
{
SendCharKey(text[k]);
}
return true;
}
else if (keyData == (Keys)Shortcut.CtrlC)
{
Clipboard.SetText(this.SelectedText);
return true;
}
return base.ProcessCmdKey(ref msg, keyData);
}
private void SendCharKey(char c)
{
Message msg = new Message();
msg.HWnd = this.Handle;
msg.Msg = WM_CHAR;
msg.WParam = (IntPtr)c;
msg.LParam = IntPtr.Zero;
base.WndProc(ref msg);
}
Method SendCharKey() imitates to input clipboard text whose skill is firing WndProc() to send key input message, since the .NET 2.0 static method SendKeys.Send() fails in ProcessCmdKey() but works well in overridden WndProc()!
In .NET 2.0, the four operations in context menu: Cut, Copy, Paste, Clear correspond to four Windows messages and their values: WM_CUT(0x0300), WM_COPY(0x0301), WM_PASTE(0x0302), WM_CLEAR(0x0303). The usual method to disable context menu in control is that it creates a ContextMenu object with no item in constructor as open source control BANumEdit does:
public TNumEditBox()
{
this.ContextMenu = new ContextMenu();
}
TNumEditBox captures context menu messages by overriding WndProc():
protected override void WndProc(ref Message m)
{
if (m.Msg == WM_PASTE) // mouse paste
{
this.ClearSelection();
SendKeys.Send(Clipboard.GetText());
base.OnTextChanged(EventArgs.Empty);
}
else if (m.Msg == WM_COPY) // mouse copy
{
Clipboard.SetText(this.SelectedText);
}
else if (m.Msg == WM_CUT) // mouse cut or ctrl+x shortcut
{
Clipboard.SetText(this.SelectedText);
this.ClearSelection();
base.OnTextChanged(EventArgs.Empty);
}
else if (m.Msg == WM_CLEAR)
{
this.ClearSelection();
base.OnTextChanged(EventArgs.Empty);
}
else
{
base.WndProc(ref m);
}
}
Here SendKeys.Send() imitates keyboard input in order to fire OnKeyPress event which handles input, calculates the SelectionStart, etc.
In TNumEditBox, all input operations such as keyboard or mouse (context menu) will be handled through OnKeyPress event whose aim includes:
new this.SelectionStart valueprotected override void OnKeyPress(KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
base.OnKeyPress(e);
if (this.ReadOnly)
{
return;
}
if (e.KeyChar == (char)13 || e.KeyChar == (char)3 ||
e.KeyChar == (char)22 || e.KeyChar == (char)24)
{
return;
}
if (m_decimalLength == 0 && e.KeyChar == m_decimalSeparator)
{
e.Handled = true;
return;
}
if (!m_allowNegative && e.KeyChar == m_negativeSign &&
base.Text.IndexOf(m_negativeSign) < 0)
{
e.Handled = true;
return;
}
if (!char.IsDigit(e.KeyChar) && e.KeyChar != m_negativeSign &&
e.KeyChar != m_decimalSeparator)
{
e.Handled = true;
return;
}
if (base.Text.Length >= m_MaxValueLength && e.KeyChar != m_negativeSign)
{
e.Handled = true;
return;
}
if (e.KeyChar == m_decimalSeparator) // will position after dot(.)
{
this.SelectionLength = 0;
}
else
{
this.ClearSelection();
}
bool isNegative = (base.Text[0] == m_negativeSign) ? true : false;
if (isNegative && this.SelectionStart == 0)
{
this.SelectionStart = 1;
}
if (e.KeyChar == m_negativeSign)
{
int selStart = this.SelectionStart;
if (!isNegative)
{
base.Text = m_negativeSign + base.Text;
this.SelectionStart = selStart + 1;
}
else
{
base.Text = base.Text.Substring(1, base.Text.Length - 1);
if (selStart >= 1)
{
this.SelectionStart = selStart - 1;
}
else
{
this.SelectionStart = 0;
}
}
e.Handled = true; // minus(-) has been handled
return;
}
int dotPos = base.Text.IndexOf(m_decimalSeparator) + 1;
if (e.KeyChar == m_decimalSeparator)
{
if (dotPos > 0)
{
this.SelectionStart = dotPos;
}
e.Handled = true; // dot has been handled
return;
}
if (base.Text == "0")
{
this.SelectionStart = 0;
this.SelectionLength = 1; // replace the first char, i.e. 0
}
else if (base.Text == m_negativeSign + "0")
{
this.SelectionStart = 1;
this.SelectionLength = 1; // replace the first char, i.e. 0
}
else if (m_decimalLength > 0)
{
if (base.Text[0] == '0' && dotPos == 2 && this.SelectionStart <= 1)
{
this.SelectionStart = 0;
this.SelectionLength = 1; // replace the first char, i.e. 0
}
else if (base.Text.Substring(0, 2) == m_negativeSign + "0" &&
dotPos == 3 && this.SelectionStart <= 2)
{
this.SelectionStart = 1;
this.SelectionLength = 1; // replace the first char, i.e. 0
}
else if (this.SelectionStart == dotPos + m_decimalLength)
{
e.Handled = true; // last position after text
}
else if (this.SelectionStart >= dotPos)
{
this.SelectionLength = 1;
}
else if (this.SelectionStart < dotPos - 1)
{
this.SelectionLength = 0;
}
}
}
It must point out when you see OnKeyPress code that:
e.Handled value when some special key input such as keyvalue 3,13,22,24, etc.e.Handled = true when invalid char inpute.Handled = true when dot(.) or minus(-) inpute.Handled = true when input at last position and DecimalLength is bigger than 0This method is used to clear selected text, i.e., this.SelectedText. First, it calculates the new this.SelectionStart, then it calls DeleteText() to delete char one by one by looping through the BackSpace key input.
private void ClearSelection()
{
if (this.SelectionLength == 0)
{
return;
}
if (this.SelectedText.Length == base.Text.Length)
{
base.Text = 0.ToString(m_valueFormatStr);
return;
}
int selLength = this.SelectedText.Length;
if (this.SelectedText.IndexOf(m_decimalSeparator) >= 0)
{
selLength--; // selected text contains dot(.), selected length minus 1
}
this.SelectionStart += this.SelectedText.Length; // after selected text
this.SelectionLength = 0;
for (int k = 1; k <= selLength; k++)
{
this.DeleteText(Keys.Back); // delete char one by one
}
}
This method is used to delete one char by Delete key or BackSpace key. The core skill is to change Delete key to BackSpace key through adding 1 to its property this.SelectionStart, and handle uniformly the Delete key and BackSpace key. The function of DeleteText() is:
new this.SelectionStart0 when it deletes char after dotbase.Text.Length = 1private void DeleteText(Keys key)
{
int selStart = this.SelectionStart; // base.Text will be delete at selStart - 1
if (key == Keys.Delete) // Delete key change to BackSpace key,
// adjust selStart value
{
selStart += 1; // adjust position for BackSpace
if (selStart > base.Text.Length) // text end
{
return;
}
if (this.IsSeparator(selStart - 1)) // next if delete dot(.) or thousands(;)
{
selStart++;
}
}
else // BackSpace key
{
if (selStart == 0) // first position
{
return;
}
if (this.IsSeparator(selStart - 1)) // char which will be delete is separator
{
selStart--;
}
}
if (selStart == 0 || selStart > base.Text.Length) // selStart - 1 no digit
{
return;
}
int dotPos = base.Text.IndexOf(m_decimalSeparator);
bool isNegative = (base.Text.IndexOf(m_negativeSign) >= 0) ? true : false;
if (selStart > dotPos && dotPos >= 0) // delete digit after dot(.)
{
base.Text = base.Text.Substring(0, selStart - 1) +
base.Text.Substring(selStart, base.Text.Length - selStart) + "0";
base.SelectionStart = selStart - 1; // SelectionStart is unchanged
}
else // delete digit before dot(.)
{
// delete 1st digit and Text is negative, i.e.. delete minus(-)
if (selStart == 1 && isNegative)
{
if (base.Text.Length == 1) // i.e. base.Text is '-'
{
base.Text = "0";
}
else if (dotPos == 1) // -.* format
{
base.Text = "0" + base.Text.Substring(1, base.Text.Length - 1);
}
else
{
base.Text = base.Text.Substring(1, base.Text.Length - 1);
}
base.SelectionStart = 0;
}
// delete 1st digit before dot(.) or Text.Length = 1
else if (selStart == 1 && (dotPos == 1 || base.Text.Length == 1))
{
base.Text = "0" + base.Text.Substring(1, base.Text.Length - 1);
base.SelectionStart = 1;
}
else if (isNegative && selStart == 2 && base.Text.Length == 2) // -* format
{
base.Text = m_negativeSign + "0";
base.SelectionStart = 1;
}
else if (isNegative && selStart == 2 && dotPos == 2) // -*.* format
{
base.Text = m_negativeSign + "0" +
base.Text.Substring(2, base.Text.Length - 2);
base.SelectionStart = 1;
}
else // selStart > 0
{
base.Text = base.Text.Substring(0, selStart - 1) +
base.Text.Substring(selStart, base.Text.Length - selStart);
base.SelectionStart = selStart - 1;
}
}
}
After unzipping file TNumEditBox.zip, we can double click the solution file TNumEditBox_Demo.sln to view the demo if we have Visual Studio 2005/2008, or we can run TNumEditBox_Demo.exe in subfolder \bin\ to test the control.
There are two classes in TNumEditBox.cs: one is TTextBoxEx, another is TNumEditBox. The former is a TextBox control and is the base class of TNumEditBox. TTextBoxEx has only one public property KeepBackColorWhenReadOnly used to keep BackColor when the control is ReadOnly. TNumEditbox has some public properties:
AllowNegative: If it is true, can show and input negative numberDecimalLength: If it is bigger than 0, can show and input decimal numberValue: Get the decimal value of Text propertyIntValue: Get the integer value of Text propertyKeepBackColorWhenReadOnly: If it is true, the BackColor appears when it is ReadOnlyThree usages must be noticed:
DecimalLength is bigger than 0 and we input dot0 at tail if we delete digit after dotTNumEditBox is our attempt to rewrite freeware Delphi code with C# language, it takes us about ten days to do this work. We consider some cases and compare them below:
-0" when we delete 1 and base.Text = "-1", and PBNumEdit shows "-"0.*" when we delete - and base.Text = "-.*", and PBNumEdit shows ".*"-0.*" when we delete 1 and base.Text = "-1.*", PBNumEdit show "-.*"Although TNumEditBox does not behave the same as PBNumEdit, for example it cannot show thousands separator, etc. however we can use it in common C# applications, and we will modify it of course.
There are a lot of freeware Delphi controls well used for many years which have no C# versions. Now, we must consider these problems:
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