Try below approach.
For case where Temp Table and Student table matched
UPDATE t1
SET t1.Mobile = t2.MobileNum
FROM Edutcation AS t1
INNER JOIN Student AS t2 ON t1.Studid= t2.Studid
INNER JOIN TemporaryTbl AS t3 ON t1.Studid= t3.Studid
For case where Temp Table and Student table does not match
INSERT INTO Education (StudId, Mobile)
SELECT StudID, MobileNum
FROM TempTbl T
LEFT OUTER JOIN Student S ON T.StudID = S.StudID
WHERE S.StudID is null