Printing the .NET TreeView Control

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Introduction

I looked and looked for a sample code to print TreeView controls in C#. I couldn't find anything that did exactly what I needed, so I broke down and wrote it myself!

Background

During my search for a printing sample, I came across this article by Koay Kah Hoe, which presents a solution in C++. It gave me a few ideas and after finding some information on Usenet about getting an image of a control, I was ready to code.

Using the code

In order to print the entire TreeView, the size of the area of all visible nodes has to be calculated and then the tree must be resized to accommodate the contents. This is all handled in the PrepareTreeImage method of the PrintUtility class.

private void PrepareTreeImage(TreeView tree){
    _scrollBarWidth = tree.Width - tree.ClientSize.Width;
    _scrollBarHeight = tree.Height - tree.ClientSize.Height;
    tree.Nodes[0].EnsureVisible();
    int height = tree.Nodes[0].Bounds.Height;
    this._nodeHeight = height;
    int width = tree.Nodes[0].Bounds.Right;
    TreeNode node = tree.Nodes[0].NextVisibleNode;
    while(node != null){
        height += node.Bounds.Height;
        if(node.Bounds.Right > width){
            width = node.Bounds.Right;
        }
        node = node.NextVisibleNode;
    }
    //keep track of the original tree settings
    int tempHeight = tree.Height;
    int tempWidth = tree.Width;
    BorderStyle tempBorder = tree.BorderStyle;
    bool tempScrollable = tree.Scrollable;
    TreeNode selectedNode = tree.SelectedNode;
    //setup the tree to take the snapshot
    tree.SelectedNode = null;
    DockStyle tempDock = tree.Dock;
    tree.Height = height + _scrollBarHeight;
    tree.Width = width + _scrollBarWidth;
    tree.BorderStyle = BorderStyle.None;
    tree.Dock = DockStyle.None;
    //get the image of the tree
    this._controlImage = GetImage(tree.Handle, tree.Width, tree.Height);
    //reset the tree to its original settings
    tree.BorderStyle = tempBorder;
    tree.Width = tempWidth;
    tree.Height = tempHeight;
    tree.Dock = tempDock;
    tree.Scrollable = tempScrollable;
    tree.SelectedNode = selectedNode;
    //give the window time to update
    Application.DoEvents();
}

When it is time to print the resulting image, there is some calculation to do to divide the image up into sections of the proper size to fit on the printed page. This is handled in the printDoc_PrintPage method which handles the PrintPage event of the PrintDocument. This is pretty straightforward. We have to keep track of the direction we are moving in, horizontally or vertically, across the source image. We also must keep track of where we left off in the image when the previous page was printed.

private void printDoc_PrintPage(object sender, 
        System.Drawing.Printing.PrintPageEventArgs e) {
    this._pageNumber++;
    Graphics g = e.Graphics;
    Rectangle sourceRect = new Rectangle(_lastPrintPosition, e.MarginBounds.Size);
    Rectangle destRect = e.MarginBounds;

    if((sourceRect.Height % this._nodeHeight) > 0){
        sourceRect.Height -= (sourceRect.Height % this._nodeHeight);
    }
    g.DrawImage(this._controlImage, destRect, sourceRect, GraphicsUnit.Pixel);
    //check to see if we need more pages
    if((this._controlImage.Height - this._scrollBarHeight) > sourceRect.Bottom
     || (this._controlImage.Width - this._scrollBarWidth) > sourceRect.Right){
        //need more pages
        e.HasMorePages = true;
    }
    if(this._currentDir == PrintDirection.Horizontal){
        if(sourceRect.Right < (this._controlImage.Width - this._scrollBarWidth)){
            //still need to print horizontally
            _lastPrintPosition.X += (sourceRect.Width + 1);
        }
        else{
            _lastPrintPosition.X = 0;
            _lastPrintPosition.Y += (sourceRect.Height + 1);
            this._currentDir = PrintDirection.Vertical;
        }
    }
    else if(this._currentDir == PrintDirection.Vertical && sourceRect.Right 
    < (this._controlImage.Width - this._scrollBarWidth)){
        this._currentDir = PrintDirection.Horizontal;
        _lastPrintPosition.X += (sourceRect.Width + 1);
    }
    else{
        _lastPrintPosition.Y += (sourceRect.Height + 1);
    }

    //print footer
    Brush brush = new SolidBrush(Color.Black);
    string footer = this._pageNumber.ToString(
           System.Globalization.NumberFormatInfo.CurrentInfo);
    Font f = new Font(FontFamily.GenericSansSerif, 10f);
    SizeF footerSize = g.MeasureString(footer, f);
    PointF pageBottomCenter = new PointF(e.PageBounds.Width/2, 
       e.MarginBounds.Bottom + 
       ((e.PageBounds.Bottom - e.MarginBounds.Bottom)/2));
    PointF footerLocation = new PointF(pageBottomCenter.X - (footerSize.Width/2), 
            pageBottomCenter.Y - (footerSize.Height/2));
    g.DrawString(footer, f, brush, footerLocation);
        
    //print header
    if(this._pageNumber == 1 && this._title.Length > 0){
        Font headerFont = new Font(FontFamily.GenericSansSerif, 24f, 
        FontStyle.Bold, GraphicsUnit.Point);
        SizeF headerSize = g.MeasureString(this._title, headerFont);
        PointF headerLocation = new PointF(e.MarginBounds.Left, 
        ((e.MarginBounds.Top - e.PageBounds.Top)/2) - (headerSize.Height/2));
        g.DrawString(this._title, headerFont, brush, headerLocation);
    }
}

The PrintUtility class should be fairly easy to use from just about any Windows Forms application. Just call either PrintTree or PrintPreviewTree, passing in your TreeView.

When I first decided to tackle the problem of printing the TreeView, I thought it was going to take quite a bit of time and code. I was really surprised once I figured out the algorithm, how simple it really is.

I will also be posting this article and code on my blog.

Update

I have updated the code sample to be a Visual Studio 2005 solution. I also fixed one of the native method calls. It was defined with a wrong parameter type.

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