I am confused on what I should change in the printcharasbinary() function to work for integers when creating the printintasbinary() function.

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Hello I am given a function printCharAsBinary(unsigned char number) in the file binaryformat.c. I have to create a second function printIntAsBinary(unsigned int number) to work with integers. However I am confused on what I should change in the printCharAsBinary() function to work for integers when creating the printIntAsBinary() function.

Binaryformat.c with the printCharAsBinary function.

C

#include <xc.h>         // library of functions for this chip 
#include <stdio.h>      // library containing printf() function


void printIntAsBinary(unsigned int number);
void WaitOneSecond(void);

int main(void)  
{
    unsigned i = 0;
    configureUSART(9600ul, 1); // configure MCU serial communication module to run at 9600 baud 
                               // defined in configureUSART.c

    WaitOneSecond();   // The splash screen lasts about one second
                       // LCD will not respond to printf() until it is finished.



    for(i=0; i < 256; i++)
      {
	printf("\n\r %u = ",i);
        printIntAsBinary((unsigned int)i);
        
      }                         

while(1)
   {
	  // MCUs run continuously so an endless loop is required.
   }
}	


void printIntAsBinary(unsigned int number)
{

if ( ((number & 0b10000000) >> 7 ) == 1)
   printf("0b1");
else
   printf("0b0");

if ( ((number & 0b01000000) >> 6 ) == 1)
   printf("1");
else
   printf("0");


if ( ((number & 0b00100000) >> 5 ) == 1)
   printf("1");
else
   printf("0");


if ( ((number & 0b00010000) >> 4 ) == 1)
   printf("1");
else
   printf("0"); 


if ( ((number & 0b00001000) >> 3 ) == 1)
   printf("1");
else
   printf("0");


if ( ((number & 0b00000100) >> 2 ) == 1)
   printf("1");
else
   printf("0");

if ( ((number & 0b00000010) >> 1 ) == 1)
   printf("1");
else
   printf("0");


if ( ((number & 0b00000001) ) == 1)
   printf("1");
else
   printf("0");

}


void WaitOneSecond(void)
{
int  i = 0;
for(i=0; i<=5; i++) 
   {
    _delay(50000ul);  // 50 000 * 4 / 1 000 000 = 1/5 s 
   }
}

What I have tried:

I am not sure on how to attempt the problem.I am given a function printCharAsBinary(unsigned char number) in the file binaryformat.c. I have to create a second function printIntAsBinary(unsigned int number) to work with integers. However I am confused on what I should change in the printCharAsBinary() function to work for integers when creating the printIntAsBinary() function.

Posted 21-Jan-18 9:20am

Member 13635589

Updated 22-Jan-18 13:05pm

Mohibur Rashid

v2

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Dotnet_Dotnet 22-Jan-18 1:57am

sir where you defines printintasbinary

Member 13635589 22-Jan-18 12:31pm

Hi This is the printCharAsBinary function. I have to still create the printIntAsBinary function. The question states that what will I changer on the printCharAsBinary fnction to work with integers?
Thanks,
I am very confused

CPallini 22-Jan-18 3:23am

You didn't show us printCharAsBinary definition.

Member 13635589 22-Jan-18 12:30pm

Hi This is the printCharAsBinary function. I have to still create the printIntAsBinary function. The question states that what will I changer on the printCharAsBinary fnction to work with integers?
Thanks,
I am very confused

Richard MacCutchan 22-Jan-18 4:25am

You should learn how to create loops to do repeats of the same instructions.

You will always send 0b first,
then just use a counter for the bit shift and repeat the print of 0 or 1 for each bit.

Member 13635589 22-Jan-18 12:36pm

Hi This is the printCharAsBinary function. I have to still create the printIntAsBinary function. The question states that what will I change on the printCharAsBinary fnction to work with integers?
Thanks,
I am very confused

Richard MacCutchan 22-Jan-18 12:49pm

You first need to convert the integer to a string of characters. Then for each character you print with your existing method.

Member 13635589 22-Jan-18 12:57pm

Hi, I am confused on how to do this. This is one of my first homework examples but I am confused on how to do this.
I do not mean to cheat or anything as this is for homework practice only. If you could please show me how to do this, I would greatly appreciate it.
Thanks

Richard MacCutchan 22-Jan-18 14:37pm

OK, so the real question you should have asked here, was how to convert an integer into a string of characters. The basic concept is that you repeatedly divide the integer by 10, until it leaves zero. At each step you take the remainder of the division and that is the next low order digit, and you must add the character base to make it a character. So, something like:


char Remainder = IntegerValue % 10; // the % operator gives the remainder from the division
Remainder += '0'; // make it a printable character ...
//
// This is the low order character of the string
//
IntegerValue /= 10; // divide by 10 to reduce the value
If IntegerValue > 0 Repeat the above ...

At each step where you have extracted a character you need to save it somewhere. You could just save it in an array, as long as you remember that the final list will be in reverse order.

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Rick York · Answer 1 · 2018-01-22T13:05:00

Here is one way to implement displaying a byte in binary form :

C++

typedef unsigned char uchar;

void PrintByteInBinary( uchar byte )
{
    uchar mask = 0x080;  // set initially to most significant bit
    int n;
    for( n = 0; n < 8; ++n )
    {
        printf( "%s", byte & mask ? "1" : "0" );
        mask >>= 1;
    }
}

You can pass in the individual bytes of any type and size of data. Here is a way to use a union so you can easily extract the bytes :

C++

typedef union
{
    uchar  bytes[8];
    int    intvalue;
    short  shortvalue;
    float  floatvalue;
    double doublevalue;
} ByteUnion;

If you set the intvalue to an integer value then you can pass the individual bytes to the print function to display them. Here's a function that will print as many bytes as you have and a sample of using it.

void PrintBytesInBinary( uchar *bytes, int byteCount )
{
    int n;
    for( n = 0; n < byteCount; ++n )
         PrintByteInBinary( bytes[n] );
}

void PrintValues( void )
{
   ByteUnion bu = { 0 };

   bu.intvalue = 42;
   PrintBytesInBinary( bu.bytes, sizeof( int ) );

   bu.shortvalue = 96;
   PrintBytesInBinary( bu.bytes, sizeof( short ) );

   bu.floatvalue = 3.1415f;
   PrintBytesInBinary( bu.bytes, sizeof( float ) );

   bu.doublevalue = 1.4142;
   PrintBytesInBinary( bu.bytes, sizeof( double ) );
}

I have not tested this code but it should be close to functional. Good luck.

KarstenK · Answer 2 · 2018-01-22T06:52:00

Solution 1

As answered before all bits are in memory but you must interpret them correctly. So an repeat on the memory buffer will do the job.

C++

char buffer[4];
memcpy( buffer, &uiMemory, 4 );// make copy of the bits for clarity  

for( int i = 0; i < 4; i++ ) {
 printCharAsBinary( buffer[i]);
}

you also can do fancy pointer stuff - for that reason I love C++

C++

char *p = (char*) &uiMemory;//assign address of the ui to char* p

for( int i = 0; i < 4; i++ ) {
 printCharAsBinary( p[i]);
}

Posted 22-Jan-18 6:52am

KarstenK

Comments

Member 13635589 22-Jan-18 13:24pm

Hi This is the printCharAsBinary function. I have to still create the printIntAsBinary function. The question states that what will I change on the printCharAsBinary fnction to work with integers?
Thanks,
I am very confused

Member 13635589 22-Jan-18 13:25pm

I do not mean to cheat or anything as this is for homework practice only. If you could please show me how to do this, I would greatly appreciate it.
Thanks

KarstenK 23-Jan-18 8:47am

That is NOT a cheat, but C/C++ as it meant to be deployed. A nice tutorial about bit shifting: https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/Swift/Conceptual/Swift_Programming_Language/AdvancedOperators.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40014097-CH27-ID28