The basic SQL query for what you want to do can be done using aggregation
SELECT TOP 1 Column_Name
FROM Table_name
GROUP BY [Column_Name]
ORDER BY COUNT(*) DESC
Now it appears that the values that you want to do this on in your Excel worksheet are in rows and not columns. You would need to do an
UNPIVOT query on the row first and then do the above query on that.
Using PIVOT and UNPIVOT - SQL Server | Microsoft Docs[
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