Passing 2D Arrays to functions

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Hey guys, I had a quick question. I'm am trying to take a bunch of code I wrote and then copy/pasted 10 times.. and turn it into a function. Passing 2D arrays and pointers is still something I'm struggled with. I have functions that pass square 2D arrays in the following way:

C#

void createTrans(double orig[3], double (*rot)[3], double (*transform)[4]){
    for (int i=0;i<3;i++){
        for (int j=0;j<3;j++){
            transform[i][j] = rot[i][j];
            if (j==2) {
                transform[i][j+1] = orig[i];
            }
        }
    }
    transform[3][3]=1; transform[3][0]=transform[3][1]=transform[3][2]=0;
}

Now here is the code I am trying to make into a function:

double LG[100][66];

	ifstream LGFile("mtlength\\LG.txt", ios::in);
	if (LGFile.is_open())
	{
		stringstream iss, isn;
		string line, word;
		
		i=0; j=0;

		while (getline(LGFile,line))
		{
			isn.clear();
			isn << line;

			while (getline(isn,word,'\t')) {
				if(j==(66)) {break;}
				LG[i][j]=atof(word.c_str());
				j++;
			}
			j=0; i++;
			isn.clear();
		}
	}
	LGFile.close();

So my question is fairly simple. How do I pass my LG matrix (of n x m) to a function as a pointer where it can be filled via the text file. Maybe I am just assuming that the double (*rot)[3] declaration specifies a 3x3 but it doesn't. Any help on this would be much appreciated.

Posted 6-Apr-11 4:34am

Donald Hume

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Olivier Levrey · Accepted Answer · 2011-04-06T06:38:00

If you don't know the size of your matrix at compile time, then you can't.

Instead of dealing with 2D arrays, I suggest you declare a simple Matrix class:

C++

class Matrix
{
public:
    //number of rows of this matrix
    int Rows() const { return m_rows; }
    //number of columns of this matrix
    int Columns() const { return m_columns; }
    //direct access to the internal data: use with caution!!
    double* Data() { return m_data; }

    //constructs an empty matrix
    Matrix()
    {
        m_data = NULL;
        m_rows = 0;
        m_columns = 0;
    }
    //copy-constructor
    Matrix(const Matrix& mat)
    {
        //clones the matrix if it is not empty
        if (mat.Rows() != 0 && mat.Columns() != 0)
        {
            Alloc(mat.Rows(), mat.Columns());
            memcpy(m_data, mat.Data(), m_rows * m_columns * sizeof(double));
        }
    }
    //cleans this matrix
    ~Matrix()
    {
        Free();
    }
    //allocates memory for this matrix
    void Alloc(int rows, int columns)
    {
        Free();
        m_data = new[rows * columns];
        m_rows = rows;
        m_columns = columns;
    }
    //frees the memory
    void Free()
    {
        if (m_data != NULL)
            delete [] m_data;
        m_data = NULL;
        m_rows = 0;
        m_columns = 0;
    }
    //reads the k-th element
    double operator[](int k) const { return m_data[k]; }
    //writes the k-th element
    double& operator[](int k) { return m_values[k]; }
    //reads the element at line i and column j
    double operator()(int i, int j) const { return m_data[i * m_columns + j]; }
    //writes the element at line i and column j
    double& operator()(int i, int j) { return m_data[i * m_columns + j]; }

private:
    int m_rows, m_columns;
    double* m_data;
};

Then, don't forget to pass it by reference (or pointers) to any function, otherwise the copy-constructor will slow down the whole process. Or you can just remove the copy-constructor implementation (but also the destructor to avoid deleting the same pointer twice!)

-----------------

You can also use templates:

C++

template<int SIZE>
void func(double (*rot)[SIZE])
{
}

But I still think the Matrix class is a better solution.