Hi,
let me tell you simple example
I've three Textbox controls and one Button in my page textbox1,textbox2,textbox3
And I place one Textbox which id is textbox1 and one Button in update panel
Now I write code in page load like
textbox1.Text=System.Date.Now.Tostring();
textbox2.Text=System.Date.Now.Tostring();
textbox3.Text=System.Date.Now.Tostring();
And
same code in Button click event also
Then when user clicks button the client side javascript which is referred in ScriptManager sends xmlhttp request to server with some information which contains ViewState,Ids of controls which are placed in update panel
and control information which control raises the event
in this example
textbox1 and value of textbox1 to server with some other information
In server side
All code which is pageload and buttonclick events runs
finally In the Response
server only places information based on request
In this example value of textbox1 only returns to browser
In client side the javascript takecare of returned information to place particular control value.
In this example the only textbox1 updated to current time
I hope you understood what I mean
All the Best