pass textbox object as parameter to method like :
protected void txtnextduedate_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
updatecareplan(sender);
}
and update method defination like:
private static void updatecareplan(object sender)
{
TextBox txt = (TextBox)sender;
GridViewRow row = (GridViewRow)txt.NamingContainer;
int index = row.RowIndex;
}
this may help you