Hi
I have a page which users can send their comments,the problem is: when user enter security code the browser post back and message please enter security which is entered already,would some body please help me?
here is my html code:
<pre lang="HTML"><html>
<head>
<title>.:: <#site_title> ::..:: <#page-second-title> ::.</title>
<script src="js/jquery.js"></script>
<script src="js/verticalMenu.js"></script>
<link href="css/mainCss.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="fa">
<meta http-equiv="Pragma" content="no-cache" />
<meta http-equiv="Expires" content="-1">
<meta name="keywords" content=" <#site_des>">
<meta name="description" content=" <#site_des>">
<meta id="Language" content="Persian, FA" name="Language">
<meta content="General" name="rating">
<meta content="never" name="expires">
<meta content="utf-8" name="charset">
<meta content="Global" name="distribution">
<meta content="INDEX,FOLLOW" name="robots">
<meta content="info@arad-itc.com" name="email">
<meta content="ARAD" name="author">
<meta content="ARAD" name="publisher">
<meta content="©2007 ARAD ITC Co" name="copyright">
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="<#logo_icon>">
<!--<script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.3/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.8.1.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.8.1.min.js"></script>-->
<style>
embed {
width: 99%;
}
#antibot {
background-color: #FFFFCC;
border: 1px black solid;
height: 20px;
padding: 4px 8px 4px 8px;
font-weight: bold;
text-decoration: line-through;
font-size: 19px;
width: 100px;
}
</style>
<style>
.tick {
color: white;
text-decoration: none;
}
</style>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" leftmargin="0" topmargin="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" background="images/bg_body.gif">
<center>
<table id="Table_01" width="991" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td colspan="4">
<img src="images/index_01.jpg" width="321" height="12" alt="">
</td>
<td colspan="2">
<img src="images/index_02.jpg" width="373" height="12" alt="">
</td>
<td colspan="6" rowspan="3">
<img src="images/index_03.jpg" width="296" height="152" alt="">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" rowspan="2" width="320" height="140" removed="images/index_04.jpg">
<!--<embed width="320" height="140" src="Logo.swf" style="margin-bottom: -3px;"><noembed>متاسفانه مرورگر شما از اين قسمت پشتيباني نمي كند</noembed> -->
<!--<object classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11CF-96B8-444553540000" id="obj1" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0" border="0" width="320" height="140" align="right">
<param name="movie" value="Logo.swf">
<param name="quality" value="High">
<param name="bgcolor" value="#000000">
<param name="wmode" value="transparent">
<param name="menu" value="false">
<embed src="Logo.swf" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" name="obj1" width="320" height="140" quality="High" bgcolor="#000000" wmode="transparent" menu="false">
</object>-->
</td>
<td colspan="3" width="374" height="33" removed="images/index_05.jpg" valign="middle">
<div class="columnl" dir="ltr" style="margin-removed12px;margin-removed 4px;color: #333333;font-size: 12px;font-family: Tahoma,Times New Roman;font-weight: normal" align="center">
<#fadate>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" width="367" height="107" removed="images/index_07.jpg" valign="bottom">
<p align="center">
<!--<object classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11CF-96B8-444553540000" id="obj2" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0" border="0" width="154" height="32" align="left">
<param name="movie" value="2.swf">
<param name="quality" value="High">
<param name="bgcolor" value="#000000">
<param name="wmode" value="transparent">
<embed src="2.swf" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" name="obj2" width="154" height="32" quality="High" bgcolor="#000000" wmode="transparent">
</object>-->
</p>
</td>
<td width="7" height="107" removed="images/index_07.jpg"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="206" height="46" removed="images/index_08.jpg" valign="middle" dir="rtl">
<p align="center">
<form method="POST" action="news.aspx" style="display:inline">
<input alt="search" class="inputbox" name="search" size="18" value="جستجو" onblur="if(this.value=='') this.value='جستجو';" onfocus="if(this.value=='جستجو') this.value='';" type="text">
</form>
</p>
</td>
<td colspan="10" width="561" height="46" removed="images/index_09.jpg" dir="rtl" valign="middle">
<div style="padding-removed10px">
<div style="width:97%;text-align: right;color: #FFFFFF;margin-removed 0px;padding: 5px;margin-removed 5px; font-style:normal; font-variant:normal; font-weight:normal; font-size:11px; font-family:Arial">
▐ <font color="#ffffff"><span style="font:11px tahoma;" id="theTicker"></span></font>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript">
var theSummaries = new Array(<newsincat catid="3" num="10">
'<#newstitr>' , </newsincat>' ');
var theSiteLinks = new Array(<newsincat catid="3" num="10">
'showpage.aspx?id=<#newsid>' , </newsincat>'?');
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript" src="js/ticker.js"></script>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/index_10.jpg" width="223" height="46" alt="">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="images/index_11.jpg" width="206" height="19" alt="">
</td>
<td colspan="9">
<img src="images/index_12.jpg" width="537" height="19" alt="">
</td>
<td colspan="2">
<img src="images/index_13.jpg" width="247" height="19" alt="">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" colspan="12" dir="rtl" valign="top">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="990">
<!-- MSTableType="nolayout" -->
<tr>
<td width="247" removed="images/index_28.jpg" valign="top" rowspan="2">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
<!-- MSTableType="nolayout" -->
<tr>
<td height=35" removed="images/index_20.jpg">
<img src="images/index_18.jpg" width="247" height="35" alt="">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="11" removed="images/index_20.jpg">
<div id="mainMenu" dir="rtl" style="width : 190px;margin-removed 30px; ">
<smartmenu>1</smartmenu>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="10"><img src="images/index_24.jpg" width="247" height="18" alt=""></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="12" height="38" removed="images/index_30.jpg">
<img src="images/index_29.jpg" width="247" height="38" alt="">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="13" removed="images/index_30.jpg"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="10" style="background-image: removed('images/index_32.jpg'); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-removed: center top">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="9"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="10"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
<td width="537" removed="images/index_47.jpg" valign="top">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
<!-- MSTableType="nolayout" -->
<tr>
<td valign="top" height="5"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" height="24" style="background-image: removed('images/index_37.jpg'); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-removed: center bottom"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" removed="images/index_38.jpg">
<div style="margin-removed 25px; margin-removed 20px; font-family:Tahoma; font-size:9pt">
<viewnews>
<span class="news_nav">
<span style="font-size: 9pt">كد خبر: <span lang="en-us">Fajr</span>-<#newsid></span>
</span> |
<span style="font-size: 9pt">
تاریخ :
<#newsdd>
/<#newsmon>
/<#newsyr>
ساعت : <#newshr>:<#newsmn>
</span> <br />
<a href="<#printlinke>" class="news_nav_print">
<span style="font-size: 9pt">
<img src="images/print.gif" border="0" /><span style="text-decoration: none">
نسخه چاپي
</span>
</span>
</a> |
<a href="<#emaillinke>" class="news_nav_print">
<span style="font-size: 9pt; text-decoration:none">
<img src="images/tellafriend.gif" border="0" />
ارسال به دوستان
</span>
</a>
<div class="title" style="padding-removed20px;text-align:center;margin-removed20;margin-removed20;margin-removed 10px;">
<font size="2" color="#800000"><#newstitr></font>
</div>
<div style="margin-removed20;margin-removed20;margin-removed 20px;font-size:9ptbackground: #F2F3F5 #fff removed('images/bkg.gif');color: #1809A6;padding: 4pt;margin2: 5pt;margin-removed 10px;width2: 240;border-removed 1px solid silver;border-removed 1px solid silver;text-align: justify;font-weight: normal;">
<#newssutitr>
</div>
<div class="body" style="text-align:justify;padding-removed20px;margin-removed20;margin-removed20">
<p style="margin-removed 5px; margin-removed 5px">
<img src="<#newspic>" align=left border=2 style="margin:0 10; border:1px dotted #000000; word-spacing:0;display:<#null_newspic>" width="200">
<#news>
</div>
</viewnews>
</div>
<p style="margin-removed 0; margin-removed 0" align="left">
<br /><br />
<hr style="color: #8D411D" size="1" width="85%">
<div style="padding: 7;margin:7;text-align:justify;">
<p style="margin-removed 0; margin-removed 0;margin-removed26px">
<span class="style2">
اخبار
<span style="font-size: 9pt">مرتبط</span>
:
</span><br><br>
<newsingroup num="15">
<img src="images/dot.gif">
<font face="Tahoma" style="font-size: 9pt">
<a href="showpage.aspx?id=<#newsid>">
<span style="text-decoration: none"><#newstitr></span>
</a>
</font><font face="Tahoma" size="2">
</font><br>
</newsingroup>
<hr style="color: #8D411D" size="1" width="85%">
<div style="margin: 14;padding:15;width:90%; font-family:tahoma; font-size:8pt" dir=rtl align=justify>
نظر بازدید کنندگان :
<p>
<!-- ارسال نظر شروع -->
<div class="Comments" style="float: right; width: 430px; border-removed 1px solid lightgray">
<div class="article_rate" style="float: right; font-family: tahoma; width: 100%; direction: rtl;border-removed 1px solid lightgray; border-removed 1px solid lightgray;border-radius: 5px;">
<a style="float: right; margin: 5px;"> <#likemessage></a>
<br />
<a style="float: right; font-family: tahoma; width: 100%; direction: rtl; background-image:removed(/diarMeh/Content/images/bg_sar.gif)">
<font class="news_rate" style="line-height: 29px; float: right; width: 110px; height: 37px; background-image: removed(/diarMeh/Content/images/sarbarg.gif); background-removed: 114px 108px; ">امتیاز خبر: <#likes> </font>
</a>
<div style="float: left; width: 100%; direction: rtl; border-removed 1px solid lightgrey;">
<!--like comment-->
<form method="POST" style="float: right;margin:5px">
<input type="text" name="tname" value="article" style="display:none" />
<input type="text" name="likes" value="like" style="display:none" />
<input type="text" name="relatedId" value="<#newsid>" style="display:none" />
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="+" class="btn_like" style="width: 35px; background-color: rgb(0, 69, 247); color: white; border: 1px solid white; border-radius: 10px; cursor: pointer; " />
</form>
<!--unlike comment-->
<form method="POST" style="float: right;margin:5px">
<input type="text" name="tname" value="article" style="display:none" />
<input type="text" name="likes" value="Unlike" style="display:none" />
<input type="text" name="relatedId" value="<#newsid>" style="display:none" />
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="-" class="btn_unlike" style="width:35px; background-color:rgb(235, 42, 34);color:white; border: 1px solid white; border-radius: 10px; cursor: pointer;" />
</form>
</div>
</div>
<!--فرم ارسال نظر-->
<div class="send_Comment" style="float: right; font-family: tahoma; width: 100%; direction: rtl; border-removed 1px solid lightgray; background-image: removed(/diarMeh/Content/images/bg_sar.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; background-removed: 100px 13px; ">
<p style="width: 125px; line-height: 29px; margin-removed 10px; float: right; font-family: tahoma; background-image: removed(/diarMeh/Content/images/sarbarg.gif); background-removed: right 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat; height: 35px; ">
ارسال نظر
</p>
<form method="POST" id="SendYourComment" style="float: right;direction: rtl;width: 100%">
<div class="YourComment" style="font-family: tahoma; float: right;height: 350px">
<p>
<span>نام:</span>
<input type="text" name="name" size="20" style="margin-right: 60px;" />
</p>
<p>
<span>ایمیل:</span>
<input type="text" name="email" size="20" style="margin-right: 42px;" />
</p>
<p>
<span>عنوان:</span>
<input type="text" name="title" style="margin-right: 41px;" />
</p>
<p>
<span style="float: right"> متن نظر:</span><br />
<textarea aria-multiline="true" name="comment" style="margin-right: 75px;width: 145px"></textarea>
</p>
<div style="">
<p>
<span>کد امنیتی:</span>
<input type="text" name="captcha" style="margin-right: 10px;" />
</p>
<img id="captchaImage" src="<#captchaimage>" />
<p style="color: red;"><#commentmessage></p>
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="ارسال نظر" class="send_btn" style="margin-right:175px; color: white; background-color: gray; font-family: tahoma; border-radius: 9px; width: 80px; cursor: pointer;" />
</div>
</div>
</form>
<!--نظرات خوانندگان-->
<div style="width:100%;float: right">
<cmnt>
<div class="headerPoll" style="">
<style>
.coc {
padding-left: 50px;
}
</style>
<div class="comment_top" style="; float: right; width: 100%; font-family: Tahoma; background-image: removed(/diarMeh/Content/images/bg_sar.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; background-removed: 100px 13px;">
<p style="width:125px; line-height: 29px; margin-removed 10px; float: right; font-family: tahoma; background-image: removed(/diarMeh/Content/images/sarbarg.gif); background-removed: right 0px; background-repeat: no-repeat; height: 35px;">نظر <#name> </p>
<!-- <span> عنوان:<#title></span>-->
<!--<span style="float: right; width: 100%; text-align: right;"> نام :<#name></span>-->
<!--<span style="float: right;width: 100%">ایمیل : <#email></span>-->
<span style="float: right; width:100%; text-align: right;"> تاریخ :<#cdate><#time></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bodyPoll" style="width: 100%; height: 100px;">
<div class="comment_removed" style="float: right; width: 100%; ">
<p class="comment_text" style="float: right; margin: 0px; width: 100%; background-image: removed(/diarMeh/Content/images/comments.gif); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-removed: 580px 0px; text-align: right; margin-removed 22px; padding-removed 29px; "><#comment></p>
<p class="comment_answer"><#answer></p>
</div>
<div class="comment_like" style="float: right;width: 100%; height: 75px">
<div class="comment_rate" style="float:right; width: 100%; direction: rtl; text-align: right; margin-removed 15px; margin-removed 5px;">
<!--خط زیر باید کاملا به همین شکل نوشته شود در یک خط و با همین فواصل-->
<clm style='display:none'><#cmtid></clm>
<!--منظورم خط بالاست-->
<font class="news_rate" style="float:right; width: 20%; height: 50px; line-height: 37px;"> امتیاز نظر:<#clikes> </font>
<div style="float: right;width: 50%; text-align: right; height: 50px;">
<!--like comment-->
<form method="POST">
<input type="text" name="tname" value="comment" style="display:none" />
<input type="text" name="likes" value="like" style="display:none" />
<input type="text" name="relatedId" value="<#cmtid>" style="display:none" />
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="+" class="btn_like" style="width: 35px; float: right; margin: 10px;background-color: rgb(0, 69, 247); color: white; border: 1px solid white; border-radius: 10px; cursor: pointer; " />
</form>
<!--unlike comment-->
<form method="POST">
<input type="text" name="tname" value="comment" style="display:none" />
<input type="text" name="likes" value="Unlike" style="display:none" />
<input type="text" name="relatedId" value="<#cmtid>" style="display:none" />
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="-" class="btn_unlike" style="width: 35px; float: right; margin: 10px; background-color: rgb(235, 42, 34); color: white; border: 1px solid white; border-radius: 10px; cursor: pointer;" />
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="footerPoll" style="height: 100px; width: 100%; ">
<a id="commentOncommentShow<#cmtid>" style="line-height: 25px;float:left; width: 200px;text-decoration:underline;cursor: pointer">پاسخ به نظر :<#name> </a>
<form method="POST" id="commentOnCommentForm<#cmtid>" style="display: none;float: right;width: 100%;direction: rtl">
<input type="text" name="commentid" style="display: none" value="<#cmtid>" />
<div class="YourComment" style="font-family:tahoma; width: 100%; height: 402px;">
<p>
<span>نام:</span>
<input type="text" name="name" size="20" style="margin-right: 60px;" />
</p>
<p>
<span>ایمیل:</span>
<input type="text" name="email" size="20" style="margin-right: 42px;" />
</p>
<p>
<span>عنوان</span>
<input type="text" name="title" style="margin-right: 47px;" />
</p>
<p>
<span style="float: right; padding-removed 109px;"> متن نظر:</span><br />
<textarea aria-multiline="true" name="comment" style="margin-right: 80px;width: 145px"></textarea>
</p>
<div>
<p>
<span>کد امنیتی:</span>
<input type="text" name="captcha" style="margin-right: 17px;" />
</p>
<img id="captchaImage" src="<#captchaimage>" />
<p style="color: red;"><#commentmessage></p>
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="ارسال نظر" class="send_btn" style="margin-right:175px; color: white; background-color: gray; font-family: tahoma; border-radius: 9px; width: 80px; cursor: pointer;" />
</div>
</div>
</form>
<script>
$("#commentOncommentShow<#cmtid>").click(function () {
if ($("#commentOnCommentForm<#cmtid>").css("display") == "none") {
$("#commentOnCommentForm<#cmtid>").css("display", "block");
} else {
$("#commentOnCommentForm<#cmtid>").css("display", "none");
}
})
</script>
</div>
</cmnt>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- ارسال نظر پایان -->
</div>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" height="15" style="background-image: removed('images/index_44.jpg'); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-removed: center top"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
<td width="206" removed="images/index_22.jpg" valign="top" rowspan="2">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" dir="rtl">
<!-- MSTableType="nolayout" -->
<tr>
<td height="5"><img src="images/index_14.jpg" width="206" height="5" alt=""></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<!-- Start Flash ADS -->
<!--<siteads place="leftFlash" num="10">
<div style="padding-removed5px ; text-align:center">
<object classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" codebase="http:
<param name="allowScriptAccess" value="sameDomain" />
<param name="movie" value="<#AdsImg>" />
<param name="menu" value="false" />
<param name="quality" value="high" />
<param name="bgcolor" value="#ffffff" />
<embed src="<#AdsImg>" menu="false" quality="high" bgcolor="#ffffff" width="<#AdsWidth>" height="<#AdsHeight>" name="bnr_FA" align="middle" allowscriptaccess="sameDomain" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" />
</object>
</div>
</siteads>-->
<!-- End Flash ADS -->
<!-- Start Image ADS -->
<!--<siteads place="leftImage" num="10">
<div style="padding-removed0px ; text-align:center;margin-removed 5px">
<a target="_blank" href="<#AdsUrl>" target="_blank">
<img src="<#AdsImg>" alt="<#AdsDes>" border="0" width="<#AdsWidth>" height="<#AdsHeight>">
</a>
</div>
</siteads>-->
<!-- End Image ADS -->
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="9"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="537" removed="images/index_47.jpg" valign="top">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="990" colspan="3" height="11"><img src="images/index_60.jpg" width="990" height="11" alt=""></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="11" alt="">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="206" height="1" alt="">
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="6" height="1" alt="">
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="108" height="1" alt="">
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="">
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="366" height="1" alt="">
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="7" height="1" alt="">
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="32" height="1" alt="">
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="4" height="1" alt="">
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="12" height="1" alt="">
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="">
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="24" height="1" alt="">
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="223" height="1" alt="">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div id="header" style="width:804px;margin-removed1px; height:30px; text-align:center">
<p style="margin-removed -2; margin-removed 0">
<font face="Tahoma" style="font-size: 9pt">
<copyright>
<#copyright>
<br />
<a target="_blank" href="http://www.arad-itc.com">
<span style="text-decoration: none"> <#designer> </span>
</a>
</copyright>
</font>
</p>
</div>
</center>
</body>
</html>
here is my server code:
Private Function DoPost()
Dim mname, email, web, captcha, comment, commentid, commenttile, answer, template, likes As String
If Server.HtmlEncode(Request.Form("likes")) <> "" Then
Updatelike(Int32.Parse(Server.HtmlEncode(Request.Form("relatedId"))), Server.HtmlEncode(Request.Form("tname")), Server.HtmlEncode(Request.Form("likes")))
clikeMessageId = Int32.Parse(Server.HtmlEncode(Request.Form("relatedId")))
Exit Function
End If
commentid = 0
Try
commentid = Server.HtmlEncode(Request.Form("commentid"))
Catch ex As Exception
commentid = 0
End Try
mname = Server.HtmlEncode(Request.Form("name"))
email = Server.HtmlEncode(Request.Form("email"))
web = Server.HtmlEncode(Request.Form("web"))
comment = Server.HtmlEncode(Request.Form("comment"))
commenttile = Server.HtmlEncode(Request.Form("title"))
captcha = Server.HtmlEncode(Request.Form("captcha"))
answer = ""
Dim captchaText As String = Session("captchaText")
If captchaText.ToLower() = captcha.ToLower() Then
'If Server.HtmlEncode(Request.Form("SendYourComment")) <> "" Then
Dim db As dbportalDataContext = New dbportalDataContext()
Dim newItem As tbl_comment = New tbl_comment()
newItem.comment = comment
newItem.email = email
newItem.site = web
newItem.commenttitle = commenttile
newItem.name = mname
newItem.newsid = articleId
newItem.ip = ip
newItem.date = Now
newItem.username = ""
newItem.pending = True
newItem.answer = answer
newItem.parentid = commentid
db.tbl_comments.InsertOnSubmit(newItem)
db.SubmitChanges()
CommentMessager = "نظر شما با موفقیت ثبت شد"
Else
CommentMessager = "لطفا متن امنیتی را وارد کنید"
End If
End Function
Submit an article or tip