Unnecessary ? comes when i try to create xml dynamically

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I am using the code below. The problem here is while executing an unnecessary '?' sign comes.

C#

XmlWriterSettings wSettings = new XmlWriterSettings();
wSettings.Indent = true;
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
XmlWriter xw = XmlWriter.Create(ms, wSettings);// Write Declaration
xw.WriteStartDocument();

// Write the root node
xw.WriteStartElement("Request");
xw.WriteStartAttribute("RequestID");
xw.WriteString("7");
xw.WriteStartAttribute("AuthenticationKey");
xw.WriteString("asdf;lkj");
// Write the books and the book elements
xw.WriteStartElement("diagnosisData");
xw.WriteStartAttribute("IDCL_Code");
xw.WriteString("101");
xw.WriteEndAttribute();

xw.WriteEndElement();

// Close the document
xw.WriteEndDocument();

// Flush the write
xw.Flush();

Byte[] buffer = new Byte[ms.Length];
buffer = ms.ToArray();
string xmlOutput = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer);
Console.WriteLine(xmlOutput);
Console.ReadKey();

Posted 13-May-13 18:31pm

Ameen Sherif

Updated 13-May-13 18:44pm

Kenneth Haugland

v3

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Sergey Alexandrovich Kryukov 14-May-13 0:33am

Not clear at all. Your code sample does not show any '?'. Where are they?..
—SA

2 solutions

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Sergey Alexandrovich Kryukov · Answer 1 · 2013-05-13T18:41:00

It your XML file contains some Unicode characters beyond ASCII, the console won't show then, replacing them by '?', as usually. You need to make console showing Unicode:

Do this:

C#

System.Console.OutputEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.Unicode;

This is confusing. System.Text.Encoding.Unicode does not really mean Unicode, but, in that weird Microsoft jargon, it means UTF-16LE encoding of Unicode. Unicode itself is not encoding. Please see:
http://www.Unicode.org[^],
http://www.unicode.org/faq/utf_bom.html[^].

—SA

Ameen Sherif · Answer 2 · 2013-05-14T00:24:00

Solution 2

I didn't got the exact reason for that '?'. I just got out of that by removing the element at zeroth position. I think the reason for that is same as stated by Sergey Alexandrovich.

xmlOutput = xmlOutput.Remove(0, 1);

Posted 14-May-13 0:24am