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QuestionRegarding different type of authentications in asp.net Pin
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Nathan Minier7-Mar-16 2:54
professionalNathan Minier7-Mar-16 2:54 
You're asking a pretty broad and deep question. There are volumes devoted to basic familiarization with each of the terms that you mentioned, and I'm afraid that you're not going to get a definitive answer here.

To hit your over-arching question, though, from a web application POV a claim system is an Authorization system, not an authentication one. In a claim-based system, an Identity Provider (which is a separate service) Authenticates the user and provides them with a token. In the Web paradigm, this is generally in the form of a cookie, but it can also be passed to the application as session data using the application as a pass-through. This token is digitally signed for integrity, and should be unique per session. The token will contain claims, hence the name of the authentication scheme, and those claims should indicate the roles or privileges that the Identification Provider is tracking for that user. The primary take-away here is that in a claim system, your application does not ever perform Authentication, and uses token claims to derive Authorization (which can also be used to derive roles for Role-Based Access Control, or RBAC).

This means that any service that will provide a claim can fill this need: Social media logins, a database, or LDAP. The built-in Windows Authentication scheme uses the local System Accounts Manager(SAM) to resolve identity either locally or through a domain (as appropriate) to provide user claims.

That's the 1000 meter of view of claims. Some of the other terms that you mentioned fit into how claims are delivered.

Membership providers use Authentication data to provide Authorization data. Some claims may have this information in a self-contained format, some may not. Membership is resolved by, surprise, a Membership Provider.

OpenAuth, or OAuth(2) is a framework for interoperability between Identity/Membership providers and external requestors, such as a web application.

That's as comprehensive as I'm getting on a Monday morning.

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