No, of course not. What a MP3 format (as well as some other media files) has is the meta-data "tag" which is known by file managers and can be used to show file details. This is a part of file content, but not of file attributes. Only the file attributes (such as name, time of creation, last modification and last access, "archive", "read-only" attributes, etc.) are the universal part of a file system object.
If you need similar feature for you binary file format, you will have to add desired record to this file format, as a part of file content.
As this is entirely proprietary meta-data, OS won't be able to recognize it is any universal way.
If you need to process such files is some proprietary way by the system Shell, you can do it.
(I assume you want to use Windows.)
To achieve that, you will need to learn and implement very specific type of application working as a plug-in to the Shell, called
Shell Extension. You can start here:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc144067(v=vs.85).aspx[
^].
—SA