The keyword "this" in Java means exactly the same as in C# and C++ and, say, the same as "self" in VB.NET and Delphi.
This is a reference to the type's instance (object) accessible by a non-static method (also called instance method). Technically, it is passed to instance method or property as an additional implicit parameter, in contrast to static methods/properties.
As this is exactly the same thing in the named languages, please see my explanation of how it works in my past answers about C# and C++:
What makes static methods accessible?[
^],
Catch 22 - Pointers to interface objects die when function using them is made static.[
^].
—SA
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