How to initialise nested structure variable ?

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struct date{
    int month;
    int day;
    int year;
};
struct employee{
    struct nmadtype nameaddr;
    int salary;
    struct date datehired;
};
struct employee e[3];
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
struct employee e[i].datehired={2,2,16};

What I have tried:

i want to initialise employees date on which they hired through datehired variable but i dont want to initialise each member of struct date individually (like e[i].datehired.month=2)so i tried the last step but it is giving compilation error so plz suggest a method that will even work if my 3 employees have different hired date.

Posted 17-Mar-17 3:20am

Member 13015247

Updated 17-Mar-17 4:34am

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CPallini · Answer 1 · 2017-03-17T03:43:00

Solution 1

Try this way:

C

const struct date DH = {2,2,16};
struct employee e[3];
int i;

for(i=0; i<3; i++)
  e[i].datehired = DH;

Posted 17-Mar-17 3:43am

CPallini

Richard MacCutchan · Answer 2 · 2017-03-17T04:08:00

Solution 2

The second line is incorrect:

C++

for(i=0;i<3;i++)
struct employee e[i].datehired={2,2,16};

you should not specify struct employee in the reference to your elements. You should also always use braces to delimit loops as below:

C++

for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
    e[i].datehired={2,2,16};
}

Posted 17-Mar-17 4:08am

Richard MacCutchan

Comments

CPallini 17-Mar-17 10:27am

Hey Richard, as far as my gcc knows, that's an error.

Richard MacCutchan 17-Mar-17 12:33pm

Works fine in MSVC (Visual Studio).

CPallini 17-Mar-17 12:51pm

It possibly works with a C++ source file. I tried it (Visual Studio 2012) in a *.c source and got a syntax error.

Richard MacCutchan 17-Mar-17 12:55pm

You are correct, of course. I was using VS 2013 and C++. But my comments still hold true.

CPallini 17-Mar-17 17:17pm

Yes, that is valid C++ code. A classic example of C++ as 'better C'.

Jochen Arndt · Answer 3 · 2017-03-17T04:34:00

That (extended initializer lists) is not supported with plain C (it is supported with C++11).

So you have to set each member, use an additional struct as suggested in solution 1, or use a helper function:

void setEmployeeDate(struct employee *e, int day, int month, int year)
{
    e->datehired.day = day;
    e->datehired.month = month;
    e->datehired.year = year;
}

/* ... */
for(i=0; i<3; i++)
    setEmployeeDate(&e[i], 2, 2, 16);