Matlab and Android can not be compared this way. While Matlab is a programming language Android is an operating system. So in general it is also possible to use Matlab applications on Android (with some effort though).
You should rather ask yourself if you want to use Matlab or another image processing library which is easier to use on Android. For example the library
openCV [
^]can be used for Android apps. But i'm sure you can also find other libraries suitable for your task.
You should also keep in mind that Matlab, allthough it offers a lot of functionality for its price, is a pretty expensive solution. Many fundamental image processing tasks can be done just as well with open source solutions like openCV. If you want to use a Matlab similar language you can try
Octave[
^] which is kind of an open source Matlab.