1. Bring all items (time/date/whatever) stores in database and save it in a json(may be in a hidden field) on the page.
2. Remove the item in drop down which is present in the json list.
$("option[value='foo']").remove();
or better (if you have few selects in the page):
$("#select_id option[value='foo']").remove();
For step two, you actually have to loop through the json and remove the matching element in the drop down.
Check the following example on how to loop over json:
var data = [
{"Time": 1PM, },
{"Time": 2PM, },
{"Time": 5PM, }
];
$.each(data, function(i, item) {
$("#select_id option[value=data[i].Time]").remove();
});