Regexes (or Regular Expressions) are a way to process text and perform a variety of pattern matching processes on them.
And example would be to write an application to rename all your MP3 files to have a "MY MUSIC" prefix:
public static Regex regex = new Regex(
"^(?<!MYMUSIC)(.*\\.MP3)$",
RegexOptions.IgnoreCase
| RegexOptions.Multiline
| RegexOptions.Singleline
| RegexOptions.IgnorePatternWhitespace
| RegexOptions.Compiled
);
public static string regexReplace =
"MYMUSIC$1";
string result = regex.Replace(InputText,regexReplace);