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maybe a BYO party? couldn't afford it, no money, not a penne
Message Signature
(Click to edit ->)
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These Italian jokes are getting rotini.
Freedom is the freedom to say that two plus two make four. If that is granted, all else follows.
-- 6079 Smith W.
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and some describe small acne problem...Ziti!
Technician
1. A person that fixes stuff you can't.
2. One who does precision guesswork based on unreliable data provided by those of questionable knowledge.
JaxCoder.com
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And some is macaronri
(Language warning)
Socialism is the Axe Body Spray of political ideologies: It never does what it claims to do, but people too young to know better keep buying it anyway. (Glenn Reynolds)
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... when you look up and you realize you're the only one in your group who's in the office today. Everybody else on vacation except for one guy, and he's working from home.
I hear the barbarians at the gates.
It's been nice knowing youuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuCARRIER LOST
Software Zen: delete this;
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Gary Wheeler wrote: I hear the barbarians at the gates.
Then be careful what you say.[^]
I have lived with several Zen masters - all of them were cats.
His last invention was an evil Lasagna. It didn't kill anyone, and it actually tasted pretty good.
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Quote: Only the lonely (dum-dumb-dummy doo-wah)
Know the way I feel tonight (ooh yay, yay, yay, yeah)
Only the lonely (dum-dumb-dummy doo-wah)
Know this feeling ain't right (dum-dumb-dummy doo-wah)
Lyrics~Only The Lonely-Roy Orbison - YouTube[^] 
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I'm reminded of the shortest science fiction story ever told, which was based upon the following lines from Thomas Bailey Aldrich[^]:
The last man on Earth sat alone in a room.
There was a knock at the door...
Software Zen: delete this;
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Here is a very well written Open Source Discrete Math book:
Discrete Mathematics - An Open Introduction[^]
You can download the PDF for free.
Interactive Book(Read it online)
Even if you're not interested in the book, check out how nicely the interactive book is done.
Discrete Mathematics - interactive book[^]
About The Book: The text began as a set of lecture notes for the discrete mathematics course at the University of Northern Colorado. This course serves both as an introduction to topics in discrete math and as the "introduction to proofs" course for math majors. The course is usually taught with a large amount of student inquiry, and this text is written to help facilitate this.
Four main topics are covered: counting, sequences, logic, and graph theory. Along the way, proofs are introduced, including proofs by contradiction, proofs by induction, and combinatorial proofs. An introductory chapter covering mathematical statements, sets, and functions helps students gain familiarity with the language of mathematics, and two additional topics (generating functions and number theory) are also included.
Here's a nice puzzle example (you've probably seen before)
Quote: While walking through a fictional forest, you encounter three trolls guarding a bridge. Each is either a knight, who always tells the truth, or a knave, who always lies. The trolls will not let you pass until you correctly identify each as either a knight or a knave. Each troll makes a single statement:
Troll 1: If I am a knave, then there are exactly two knights here.
Troll 2: Troll 1 is lying.
Troll 3: Either we are all knaves or at least one of us is a knight.
Which troll is which?
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OK, time to embarrass myself horribly:
raddevus wrote: Troll 3: Either we are all knaves or at least one of us is a knight.
That statement cannot possibly be false. Therefore, Troll 3 is a knight.
raddevus wrote: Troll 2: Troll 1 is lying.
If that were true, then Troll 1 would be a knave, and Troll 2 would be a knight. But that would mean that Troll 1's statement was true.
Therefore, Troll 2 is a knave. Which means that Troll 1 is not lying, making him a knight.
The fact that there are exactly two knights doesn't affect the truth of Troll 1's statement, since it was a logical implication, which only applies in one direction. If the left-hand side is false, then the statement is true regardless of the state of the right-hand side.
On a related note, there's a simple solution to this drinking game: Saturday Morning Breakfast Cereal - Drink[^] 
"These people looked deep within my soul and assigned me a number based on the order in which I joined."
- Homer
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I'm very glad that you took a shot at it and felt uncertain about the answer, because I feel the same way.
Unfortunately, I didn't find the answer in the book.
Here's my logic though.
I thought Troll 2 was the only possibility for a knight.
I thought he was telling the truth that Troll 1 (a knave) was lying.
Troll 3 has to be lying because if all 3 were knaves, they'd all be lying and since Troll 1 and Troll 2 are in conflict with each other, one of them has to be telling the truth.
But, I cannot exactly rectify part 2 of Troll 3's statement (at least one of us is a knight).
But, I am entirely unsure about everything.
Is your answer correct? I will look it over again and see if it all seems to reconcile.
Thanks again for putting yourself out there. Maybe someone will come along who is confident of the answer. 
Reposting riddle for reference:
Quote: While walking through a fictional forest, you encounter three trolls guarding a bridge. Each is either a knight, who always tells the truth, or a knave, who always lies. The trolls will not let you pass until you correctly identify each as either a knight or a knave. Each troll makes a single statement:
Troll 1: If I am a knave, then there are exactly two knights here.
Troll 2: Troll 1 is lying.
Troll 3: Either we are all knaves or at least one of us is a knight.
Which troll is which?
Edit
Solution 2 from me
as I read it again, I think that Troll 1 and Troll 3 are knights.
I think Troll 2 is lying that Troll 1 is lying so Troll 1 is a knight.
"My intellect is quite dizzying!!! Wait til I get started!!" ala Princess Bride. Princess Bride - "Truly, you have a dizzying intellect." - YouTube[^]
Then Troll 3 could be telling the truth that "at least one of us is a knight" (since there are two knights.
So
Troll 1 Knight
Troll 2 Knave
Troll 3 Knight
I've probably embarrassed myself more. 
modified 24-Jul-19 17:21pm.
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raddevus wrote: Troll 3: Either we are all knaves or at least one of us is a knight.
There's literally no way that statement could be a lie.
(Unless the setup of the riddle was a lie, and they're not all either knights or knaves. But that would be too devious.)
"These people looked deep within my soul and assigned me a number based on the order in which I joined."
- Homer
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Richard Deeming wrote: There's literally no way that statement could be a lie.
Very good point! You are right.  Very interesting part of the puzzle.
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Nice, but one gripe I have is that you have to scroll to the top of the page to go to the next or previous topic. Bogus, man!
/ravi
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Ravi Bhavnani wrote: Nice, but one gripe
It woudn't be the Internet,
1. if it wasn't free
2. there were no gripes about the free stuff
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Hi All,
The new coffee machines at work are odd. Bean to cup! you get the usual buzz word coffees and the Decaf versions including Espresso decaf  , why, I always thought Espresso was a quick short I need to be awake NOW, this second. A decaf version I think would concentrated coffee taste and thats it. I suppose it's offered as it used as base for the other drinks...but why?  ![Java | [Coffee]](https://codeproject.freetls.fastly.net/script/Forums/Images/coffee.gif)
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I guess caffeine is addictive, and can lead to nasty side effects when abused of. Some like to get the placebo effect from it, though. Metabolisation time[^] being 45 minutes, the "NOW" effect does come from your brain, which reacts to the fact that it now knows that you have drank a coffee.
enum HumanBool { Yes, No, Maybe, Perhaps, Probably, ProbablyNot, MostLikely, MostUnlikely, HellYes, HellNo, Wtf }
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phil.o wrote: which reacts to the fact that it now knows that you have drank a coffee.
No, no - it wakes up in anticipation!
Sent from my Amstrad PC 1640
Never throw anything away, Griff
Bad command or file name. Bad, bad command! Sit! Stay! Staaaay...
AntiTwitter: @DalekDave is now a follower!
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Like a diesel engine?
enum HumanBool { Yes, No, Maybe, Perhaps, Probably, ProbablyNot, MostLikely, MostUnlikely, HellYes, HellNo, Wtf }
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I just drank a large strong cup of proper (not decaffeinated) coffee, but I still feel as dozy and stupid as before. 
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MAybe you just dreamt you drank it.
Have another to check.
Sent from my Amstrad PC 1640
Never throw anything away, Griff
Bad command or file name. Bad, bad command! Sit! Stay! Staaaay...
AntiTwitter: @DalekDave is now a follower!
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Tolerance to caffeine can build up. I have friends who can drink coffee and go to sleep after it. I'd be awake, staring at the ceiling.
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Well I have been drinking it for over 60 years.
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I am one of those that started drinking Coffee at age 8 about 62 years ago. I can have a cup before bed and fall asleep with no trouble.
I attribute this more to a clear conscience and a pure heart than to tolerance to caffeine... 
Only the good die young -- Billy Joel. What happened to me?
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