The Beginner's Guide to Using Enum Flags

/* FlagsGuide.cpp
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2006 by toxcct. All rights reserved.
 * Consult your license regarding permissions and restrictions.
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <conio.h>


enum Flags {
	STYLE1 =   1,
	STYLE2 =   2,
	STYLE3 =   4,
	STYLE4 =   8,
	STYLE5 =  16,
	STYLE6 =  32,
	STYLE7 =  64,
	STYLE8 = 128
};

void main(void) {
	char pszStyle1Binary[65];
	char pszStyle2Binary[65];
	char pszStyle3Binary[65];
	char pszStyle4Binary[65];
	char pszStyle5Binary[65];
	char pszStyle6Binary[65];
	char pszStyle7Binary[65];
	char pszStyle8Binary[65];
	itoa(STYLE1, pszStyle1Binary, 2);
	itoa(STYLE2, pszStyle2Binary, 2);
	itoa(STYLE3, pszStyle3Binary, 2);
	itoa(STYLE4, pszStyle4Binary, 2);
	itoa(STYLE5, pszStyle5Binary, 2);
	itoa(STYLE6, pszStyle6Binary, 2);
	itoa(STYLE7, pszStyle7Binary, 2);
	itoa(STYLE8, pszStyle8Binary, 2);
	printf("\n\n================[ FLAGS ]================\n"
		   " STYLE1 = %3d = 0x%02X = 0b%08s\n"
		   " STYLE2 = %3d = 0x%02X = 0b%08s\n"
		   " STYLE3 = %3d = 0x%02X = 0b%08s\n"
		   " STYLE4 = %3d = 0x%02X = 0b%08s\n"
		   " STYLE5 = %3d = 0x%02X = 0b%08s\n"
		   " STYLE6 = %3d = 0x%02X = 0b%08s\n"
		   " STYLE7 = %3d = 0x%02X = 0b%08s\n"
		   " STYLE8 = %3d = 0x%02X = 0b%08s\n\n",
		   STYLE1, STYLE1, pszStyle1Binary,
		   STYLE2, STYLE2, pszStyle2Binary,
		   STYLE3, STYLE3, pszStyle3Binary,
		   STYLE4, STYLE4, pszStyle4Binary,
		   STYLE5, STYLE5, pszStyle5Binary,
		   STYLE6, STYLE6, pszStyle6Binary,
		   STYLE7, STYLE7, pszStyle7Binary,
		   STYLE8, STYLE8, pszStyle8Binary);
	getch();


	int iMyStyle = STYLE1 | STYLE3 | STYLE6;
	char pszMyStyleBinary[65];
	itoa(iMyStyle, pszMyStyleBinary, 2);
	printf("\n\n===============[ MY STYLE ]==============\n"
		   " iMyStyle = STYLE1 | STYLE3 | STYLE6\n"
		   "          = 0b%08s\n\n",
		   pszMyStyleBinary);
	getch();


	printf("\n\n============[ Bit Extraction ]===========\n"
		   " Bit 5 = (iMyStyle & STYLE5) == STYLE5\n"
		   " Bit 5 = %s\n"
		   " Bit 6 = (iMyStyle & STYLE6) == STYLE6\n"
		   " Bit 6 = %s\n\n",
		   (iMyStyle & STYLE5) == STYLE5 ? "true" : "false",
		   (iMyStyle & STYLE6) == STYLE6 ? "true" : "false");
	getch();


	printf("\n\n==============[ Add Style 8 ]============\n"
		   " iMyStyle before = 0b%08s\n"
		   " Bit 8 before    =   %d\n\n",
		   pszMyStyleBinary,
		   (iMyStyle & STYLE8) == STYLE8 ? 1 : 0);
	printf("     -> Adding STYLE8 (2 ways):\n"
		   "            -> iMyStyle = iMyStyle | STYLE8\n"
		   "            -> iMyStyle |= STYLE8\n\n");
	iMyStyle |= STYLE8;
	itoa(iMyStyle, pszMyStyleBinary, 2);
	printf(" iMyStyle after = 0b%08s\n"
		   " Bit 8 after    =   %d\n\n",
		   pszMyStyleBinary,
		   (iMyStyle & STYLE8) == STYLE8 ? 1 : 0);
	getch();


	printf("\n\n===========[ Removing Style 8 ]==========\n"
		   " iMyStyle before = 0b%08s\n"
		   " Bit 8 before    =   %d\n\n",
		   pszMyStyleBinary,
		   (iMyStyle & STYLE8) == STYLE8 ? 1 : 0);
	printf("     -> Removing STYLE8 (2 ways):\n"
		   "            -> iMyStyle = iMyStyle & ~STYLE8\n"
		   "            -> iMyStyle &= ~STYLE8\n\n");
	iMyStyle &= ~STYLE8;
	itoa(iMyStyle, pszMyStyleBinary, 2);
	printf(" iMyStyle after = 0b%08s\n"
		   " Bit 8 after    =   %d\n\n",
		   pszMyStyleBinary,
		   (iMyStyle & STYLE8) == STYLE8 ? 1 : 0);
	getch();


	printf("\n\n===========[ Switching Style 6 ]==========\n"
		   " iMyStyle before = 0b%08s\n"
		   " Bit 6 before    =     %d\n\n",
		   pszMyStyleBinary,
		   (iMyStyle & STYLE6) == STYLE6 ? 1 : 0);
	printf("     -> Switching STYLE6 (2 ways) 1st time:\n"
		   "            -> iMyStyle = iMyStyle ^ STYLE6\n"
		   "            -> iMyStyle ^= STYLE6\n\n");
	iMyStyle ^= STYLE6;
	itoa(iMyStyle, pszMyStyleBinary, 2);
	printf(" iMyStyle after = 0b%08s\n"
		   " Bit 6 after    =     %d\n\n",
		   pszMyStyleBinary,
		   (iMyStyle & STYLE6) == STYLE6 ? 1 : 0);
	printf("     -> Switching STYLE6 2nd time\n\n");
	iMyStyle ^= STYLE6;
	itoa(iMyStyle, pszMyStyleBinary, 2);
	printf(" iMyStyle after = 0b%08s\n"
		   " Bit 6 after    =     %d\n\n",
		   pszMyStyleBinary,
		   (iMyStyle & STYLE6) == STYLE6 ? 1 : 0);


	printf("\n\n=================[ END ]=================\n\n");
	getch();
}