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DirectShow.NET

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22 Jul 2002Public Domain3 min read 4.1M   33.9K   453   840
DirectShow for DVD and file playback, capture and sample grabber

Sample Image - directshownet.jpg

Disclaimer: Experimental code using DirectShow with the .NET Framework 1.0

Abstract

This experimental code shows how to use DirectShow with .NET and C#. This includes simple media playback, playing DVD discs, capturing video streams to disk and a sample picture grabber.

Note, this article doesn't save you from reading the detailed DirectShow SDK documentation! I will not explain DirectShow, only some of the used .NET Interop technologies!

DirectShow

DirectShow is a standardized Microsoft Win32 API to use any compliant movie or video device from your application. DirectShow is available with the current DirectX version 8.1(b) for Windows 98/ME/2000 and included in XP. Please install the latest version, this article doesn't support anything except 8.1 :

Again, I will not describe any DirectShow interfaces, you have to know them by installing the SDK for C++, reading the SDK documentation and understanding the SDK samples!

DirectShow is exposed as COM components and interfaces, at these two 'levels':

  • DirectShow custom interfaces - mainly for C++ programmers.
  • DirectShow VB components - designed for VB6, provides a type library.
You can use the DirectShow playback components for VB6 with .NET, as described in this CodeProject article: DirectShow MediaPlayer in C# (Daniel Strigl)

.NET Interop

While using the VB6 components with the provided type library is easy with .NET, there is no direct way to access the custom DirectShow interfaces. We have to use Interop with one of this approaches:

  • Use 'Managed Extensions for C++', as done e.g. by DirectX.NET
  • Rewrite all the interfaces from IDL to e.g. C# !
I chose the second strategy for this reasons :
  • Uses only one (managed) language (C#)
  • Most DirectShow interfaces are not very complex
  • DirectShow methods for simple playback/capturing are not time-critical
  • We can directly use the (documented) interfaces without limitations, no 'wrapper classes'
Sure, this has some drawbacks:
  • Much of initial work for rewriting the interfaces
  • You have to understand Interop to use it correctly
  • Not very .NET/OO-like
One typical rewrite of an IDL interface in C# looks like this :
// ======== IDL of ICaptureGraphBuilder2 (AXExtend.idl) ======
[
    object,
    uuid(93E5A4E0-2D50-11d2-ABFA-00A0C9C6E38D),
    pointer_default(unique)
]
interface ICaptureGraphBuilder2 : IUnknown {

    // Use this filtergraph
    HRESULT SetFiltergraph( [in] IGraphBuilder *pfg );

    // what filtergraph are you using?
    // *ppfg->Release() when you're done with it
    HRESULT GetFiltergraph( [out] IGraphBuilder **ppfg);
    ....
... using Interop attributes with C# will be translated to :
C#
// ======== C# version of ICaptureGraphBuilder2 (DsExtend.cs) ======

   [ComVisible(true), ComImport,
    Guid("93E5A4E0-2D50-11d2-ABFA-00A0C9C6E38D"),
    InterfaceType( ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown )]
public interface ICaptureGraphBuilder2
{
        [PreserveSig]
   int SetFiltergraph( [In] IGraphBuilder pfg );

        [PreserveSig]
   int GetFiltergraph( [Out] out IGraphBuilder ppfg );
   ....

Once we have all this interface definitions in C#, we can start calling DirectShow just like we did in C++:

// ======== C++ code to create the COM instance of Filter Graph ========

    JIF(CoCreateInstance(CLSID_FilterGraph, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, 
                         IID_IGraphBuilder, (void **)&pGB));

    // Have the graph builder construct its the <BR>    // appropriate graph automatically
    JIF(pGB->RenderFile(wFile, NULL));

    // QueryInterface for DirectShow interfaces
    JIF(pGB->QueryInterface(IID_IMediaControl, (void **)&pMC));
    ....
... we replace CoCreateInstance with Activator.CreateInstance, and QueryInterface just is a simple cast in C#:
C#
// ======== C# code to create the COM instance of Filter Graph ========

    Type comtype = null;
    object comobj = null;
    try {
        comtype = Type.GetTypeFromCLSID( Clsid.FilterGraph );
        if( comtype == null )
            throw new NotSupportedException( <BR>                "DirectX (8.1 or higher) not installed?" );
        comobj = Activator.CreateInstance( comtype );
        graphBuilder = (IGraphBuilder) comobj; comobj = null;
        
        int hr = graphBuilder.RenderFile( clipFile, null );
        if( hr < 0 )
            Marshal.ThrowExceptionForHR( hr );

        mediaCtrl    = (IMediaControl)  graphBuilder;
     ....

Projects Structure

The download contains all this C# source code:

\DirectShow\
     \DShowNET\              // the DirectShow interface definitions :
              \DsBugWO.cs      // workaround for a bug 
              \DsControl.cs    // ported from control.odl 
              \DsCore.cs       // ported from axcore.idl 
              \DsDevice.cs     // device enumerator, helper functions 
              \DsDVD.cs        // DVD interfaces from dvdif.idl 
              \DsExtend.cs     // ported from axextend.idl 
              \DsUtils.cs      // utility classes, SDK Common sources 
              \DsUuids.cs      // UUIDs and CLSIDs from uuids.h 
              \QEdit.cs        // grabber interfaces from qedit.idl 

     \CaptureNET\            // video stream capture sample 
     \DVDPlayerNET\          // DVD player sample 
     \PlayWndNET\            // simple media file playback 
     \SampleGrabberNET\      // picture grabber 

Playback

The first sample included in the download is PlayWndNET. It plays the known video and audio file formats of DirectShow like avi, mpg, wav, mid etc.

DirectShow playback

DVD Player

For the next sample, DVDPlayerNET you must have a third-party DVD codec installed, like WinDVD or PowerDVD. Then, the C# sample uses the DirectShow DVD interfaces to watch the movie. It also supports menu navigation.

DirectShow DVD

Grab Picture

The most complex sample provided is SampleGrabberNET. It shows a live video stream from a capture device like DV cam, web cam or TV card in a preview window. By pressing the 'Grab' toolbar-button, you can capture a still picture to a 24-Bit RGB bitmap file!

DirectShow picture grabber

The sample also supports the IAMTVTuner interface of a TV card, so you can switch the TV tuner channel.

Capturing

The last sample, CaptureNET can be used to capture a live video stream to disk. Note, the few settings can only be done once at startup, and writing to the AVI file starts immediately.

DirectShow Capturing

Limitations

  • EXPERIMENTAL! don't use it in production quality code.
  • The samples only provide partial and very basic functionality.
  • I did most tests on Windows XP and few on Windows ME.
  • Tested only on a very limited set of devices with only few media formats.
    I used a Logitech QuickCam, Sony DV camcorder, Hauppauge WinTV PCI and WinDVD.
  • Get the latest driver (WDM) from manufacturer.
  • Some devices fail if you select unsupported settings in the dialogs.
  • This code will NOT help to solve any DirectShow/WDM configuration problems.
  • Get >128MB RAM, >400MHz CPU, fast & huge harddisk.

License

This article, along with any associated source code and files, is licensed under A Public Domain dedication


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Comments and Discussions

 
GeneralRe: CaptureNET FileSize 1.75GB???? How can i chnage this? Pin
SKgondo16-Jul-08 10:39
SKgondo16-Jul-08 10:39 
GeneralRe: CaptureNET FileSize 1.75GB???? How can i chnage this? Pin
kiquenet.com17-Jul-08 20:38
professionalkiquenet.com17-Jul-08 20:38 
QuestionHow to add text ? Pin
Jurco0119-Feb-08 1:40
Jurco0119-Feb-08 1:40 
GeneralRe-Initialization of Graph Pin
B!Z3-Feb-08 0:57
B!Z3-Feb-08 0:57 
GeneralMirror Video Stream on videoPanel Pin
vvolf_faktor22-Jan-08 2:35
vvolf_faktor22-Jan-08 2:35 
GeneralRe: Mirror Video Stream on videoPanel Pin
devneeraj2-Jul-10 19:20
devneeraj2-Jul-10 19:20 
QuestionSampleGrabberNET in VB.NET ? Pin
student2530-Dec-07 9:24
student2530-Dec-07 9:24 
AnswerRe: SampleGrabberNET in VB.NET ? Pin
Member 34763484-Jan-08 16:35
Member 34763484-Jan-08 16:35 
QuestionDirectShow as Web Applictaion Pin
menaka indr19-Nov-07 13:41
menaka indr19-Nov-07 13:41 
AnswerRe: DirectShow as Web Applictaion Pin
kiquenet.com6-May-08 4:46
professionalkiquenet.com6-May-08 4:46 
QuestionHow to capture avi file in Samplegrabber project? Pin
Hady CV18-Nov-07 4:16
Hady CV18-Nov-07 4:16 
Questionsaving image into a database Pin
Ofori Boadu14-Nov-07 0:29
Ofori Boadu14-Nov-07 0:29 
GeneralSelecting capture device video/image resolution Pin
vvolf_faktor29-Oct-07 23:40
vvolf_faktor29-Oct-07 23:40 
QuestionUsing Hauppauge WinTV USB Pin
kazim bhai1-Oct-07 0:58
kazim bhai1-Oct-07 0:58 
AnswerRe: Using Hauppauge WinTV USB Pin
kiquenet.com5-May-08 23:47
professionalkiquenet.com5-May-08 23:47 
QuestionRe: Using Hauppauge WinTV USB Pin
Tonez21-Apr-10 4:06
Tonez21-Apr-10 4:06 
Questionhoe to create a parser filter. Pin
amiya das27-Sep-07 0:43
amiya das27-Sep-07 0:43 
Questionhow can i select the source Pin
m_morar25-Sep-07 11:53
m_morar25-Sep-07 11:53 
GeneralVOB file support Pin
sumd17-Sep-07 3:01
sumd17-Sep-07 3:01 
QuestionHow can I use directShow for streaming audio?? Pin
Ibrahim Dwaikat7-Sep-07 4:30
Ibrahim Dwaikat7-Sep-07 4:30 
AnswerRe: How can I use directShow for streaming audio?? Pin
Ibrahim Dwaikat23-Oct-07 9:27
Ibrahim Dwaikat23-Oct-07 9:27 
AnswerRe: How can I use directShow for streaming audio?? Pin
kiquenet.com6-May-08 4:46
professionalkiquenet.com6-May-08 4:46 
GeneralDVDPlayerNet sample throwing HResult exception 0x80040276 Pin
deede3-Sep-07 7:46
deede3-Sep-07 7:46 
QuestionIMediaControl.stop() acts like IMediaControl.pause() Pin
deede27-Aug-07 13:10
deede27-Aug-07 13:10 
GeneralHercules camera suported Pin
Georgi Petrov9-Aug-07 10:20
Georgi Petrov9-Aug-07 10:20 

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