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"C# Hooks For RRDtool"

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26 May 2010GPL35 min read 238.1K   3.1K   37   72
C# (.NET and Mono) library provider for RRDtool
Image 1 rrdtool-logo-light.png

Introduction

NHawk is an initiative to provide a thin, complete RRDtool provider for the .NET and Mono framework. The project goal is targeted at providing a C# interface to native RRDtool facilities through appropriate .NET / Mono object model semantics with the intent of retaining an intuitive syntax that fits naturally into the .NET / Mono paradigm and closely resembles that of native RRDtool. In doing so, NHawk seeks to provide a powerful time series analysis toolkit library that fills a big void in the .NET and Mono framework. It is our hope to provide a toolkit that promotes high productively, robustness, and expressiveness; enabling proficient C# developers to build code interchangeably (and intuitively) with native RRDtool script. It is a NHawk goal to promote productive use by allowing clients to refer solely to native RRDtool documentation resources, and thereby carry a very short learning curve (in most cases, if the developer is familiar with both RRDtool and C#). The example code snippets that follow will hopefully illustrate the basic concepts. Please make particular note of syntactic similarities, and pay special attention to the section highlighting serialization, deserialization, and deepcloning, as these comprise powerful architectural utility which include support for web service oriented applications as well as for generation of, and interoperation with existing (native) RRDtool scripts.

Background

The examples that follow are taken from an expanded tutorial which has been included along with the version 1.0 release of the source code and binaries.

Please note that the example material that follows is derived from a tutorial created initially by: Alex van den Bogaerdt alex@ergens.op.het.net which can be viewed at http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/tut/rrdtutorial.en.html.

RRDtool is written by Tobias Oetiker tobi@oetiker.ch and can be found at http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/index.en.html.

*** See the end of this document for contact details and information pertaining to development and status of the current code revision. ***

Using the Code

RRDtool Syntax for Defining and Creating RRDs

rrdtool create test.rrd --start 920804400
DS:speed:COUNTER:600:U:U 
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:1:24
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:6:10 

NHawk (C#) Syntax for Defining and Creating RRDs

C#
RRD rrd1 = new RRD("test.rrd", 920804400);
rrd1.addDS(new DS("speed",  DS.TYPE.COUNTER, 600, DS.U, DS.U));
rrd1.addRRA(new RRA(RRA.CF.AVERAGE, 0.5, 1, 24));
rrd1.addRRA(new RRA(RRA.CF.AVERAGE, 0.5, 6, 10));
rrd1.create(true);

RRDtool Update Syntax

rrdtool update test.rrd 920804700:12345

NHawk (C#) Update Syntax

NHawk provides a means to update an RRD by packing expected DS (data source) arguments into an array of type object or string. One of the following C# method overloads should be used.

Note: The version with type object is explicitly casted (internally) to string as the update command is serialized and sent to rrdtool for processing. The intent is to save you from having to explicitly cast (whenever possible). When not possible, you'll have use the string version. Aside from that, both methods are equivalent.

C#
rrd1.update(920804700, new object[] { 12345 });
rrd1.update(920804700, new string[] { "12345" });
string[] args = new string[1];
args[0] = "12345";
rrd1.update(920804700, args);

The (current) serialized update string can be retrieved by calling: “rrd1.CurrentUpdateStr” as in the example below:

C#
Console.WriteLine("{0}", rrd1.CurrentUpdateStr); 

Resulting in the following console output…

C#
rrdtool update test.rrd 920804700:12345 

Note: “CurrentUpdateStr” should be called after each call to “rrd1.update(…)” because serialization is done there.

RRDtool Graph Syntax

 rrdtool graph speed4.png                           
--start 920804400 --end 920808000               
--vertical-label km/h                           
DEF:myspeed=test.rrd:speed:AVERAGE              
"CDEF:kmh=myspeed,3600,*"                       
CDEF:fast=kmh,100,GT,100,0,IF                   
CDEF:over=kmh,100,GT,kmh,100,-,0,IF             
CDEF:good=kmh,100,GT,0,kmh,IF                   
HRULE:100#0000FF:"Maximum allowed"              
AREA:good#00FF00:"Good speed"                   
AREA:fast#550000:"Too fast"                     
STACK:over#FF0000:"Over speed"

NHawk(C#) Syntax Graph Syntax

C#
GRAPH gr4 = new GRAPH("speed4.png", "920804400", "920808000");
gr4.yaxislabel = "km/h";
gr4.addDEF(new DEF("myspeed", rrd1, "speed", RRA.CF.AVERAGE));
gr4.addCDEF(new CDEF("kmh", "myspeed,3600,*"));
gr4.addCDEF(new CDEF("fast", "kmh,100,GT,kmh,0,IF"));
gr4.addCDEF(new CDEF("over", "kmh,100,GT,kmh,100,-,0,IF"));
gr4.addCDEF(new CDEF("good", "kmh,100,GT,0,kmh,IF"));
gr4.addGELEM(new HRULE("100", Color.Blue, "Maximum allowed"));
gr4.addGELEM(new AREA("good", Color.Green, "Good speed"));
gr4.addGELEM(new AREA("fast", Color.Brown, "Too fast"));
gr4.addGELEM(new AREA("over", Color.Red, "Over speed",true));
gr4.graph();

speed4.png

Note: The NHAWK code line:

C#
gr4.addGELEM(new AREA("over", Color.Red, "Over speed",true));

is semantically equivalent to:

C#
STACK:over#FF0000:"Over speed" 

NHAWK is using the newer syntactic constructs, as the STACK construct as a direct graphing element is deprecated as of RRDTool 1.3.

Architectural Features: Serialization and Deserialization and Deepcloning

All NHAWK constructs are built as composite structures, in which a contract states that each construct must be able to serialize, deserialize, and deepclone itself (see the UML architecture diagram available with the source download). In other words, a higher level construct (such as the GRAPH class) would serialize itself by asking all of its composed constructs to serialize themselves. This is a powerful feature in that it opens up a whole new level of functionality. This includes the generation and interoperation with (native) RRDTool script, as well as ease of use with service orientated architectures such as web service applications. Below we illustrate with an example for the GRAPH class.

C#
GRAPH gr5 = new GRAPH(gr4.ToString(), ".\\"); 
Console.WriteLine("{0}", gr5.ToString());

The above code snippet performs the following operations:

  1. graph object g4 is serialized and passed to the GRAPH class deserialization (promotion) constructor.
  2. graph object g5 is instantiated by deserialing the serialized (string) form of object g4.
  3. object g5 is serialized and written to the console as shown below…
    C#
    graph speed4.png --start 920804400 --end 920808000 
    --vertical-label "km/h"
    DEF:myspeed=test.rrd:speed:AVERAGE 
    CDEF:kmh=myspeed,3600,* 
    CDEF:fast=kmh,100,GT,kmh,0,IF 
    CDEF:over=kmh,100,GT,kmh,100,-,0,IF
    CDEF:good=kmh,100,GT,0,kmh,IF
    HRULE:100#0000FF:"Maximum allowed" 
    AREA:good#008000:"Good speed" 
    AREA:fast#A52A2A:"Too fast" 
    AREA:over#FF0000:"Over speed" 

DeepCloning and Why NHawk Has It

C#
GRAPH gr6 = GRAPH.DeepClone(gr5);
Console.WriteLine("\n{0}", gr6.ToString());

Above object gr6 is a (new memory) copy of gr5. Essentially, NHawk is really just a whole load of parsing, and therefore every aggregated class member is either a string or a value type. Value types are deep copied by default, and although string is a reference type, NHawk uses temporary StringBuilders to return newly constructed (new memory) string objects. This could prove useful in many circumstances as it provides for limited preservation of object identity in a object model (shallow reference) which works on premise of not having object identity. Finally, just for completeness, the below code snippet illustrates the usual shallow copy.

C#
GRAPH gr7 = gr6;

Current Code Base Progress: Revision: 1.0

DEF (Graph Definitions) == 100%
CDEF (Graph Calc Definitions) == 100%

RRD (Defining, creating, and loading existing Round Robin Database files).
DS (data source) == 100%
RRA (round robin archives) == 100%

GRAPHING ELEMENTS
LINE == 100%
AREA == 100%
VRULE == 100%
HRULE == 100%
SHIFT == 100%

GRAPH == 90% (approx. needs VDEF, PRINT Elements)

Current TODO List (for features I plan to implement next).
Timeline: 2-4 weeks. Note: Once the list below is completed, tested and added what’s already be done, then the vast majority of the major rrdtool features will be complete. This is a very do-able project.

  • VDEF
  • PRINT Elements
  • RRDFetch

Compilation Instructions and Library Usage

See the user manual included with the source download.

Getting Started

For a quick start, see the tutorial (included with the source) located in: "NHawk\tutorials\rrdtutorial.en.html".
The source code can be compiled and executed from folder: "NHawk\tutorials\rrdtutorial1_code".

RRDtool can be downloaded from http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/pub/.
A good site for Windows and Netware Binaries is http://www.gknw.net/mirror/rrdtool/
(latest == rrdtool-1.2.28-bin-w32.zip).

Author Contact Details

Michael Corley
mwcorley79@gmail.com

History

  • 22 August 08 -- Posted revision 1.0
  • 26 May 2010 -- No new features yet... fixed CLS compliancy issue

License

This article, along with any associated source code and files, is licensed under The GNU General Public License (GPLv3)


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Comments and Discussions

 
QuestionERROR: failed to load /fonts/DejaVuSansMono-Roman.ttf Pin
hesuruio3-Dec-14 5:46
hesuruio3-Dec-14 5:46 
QuestionGraph refreshing Pin
Member 1033954520-Oct-13 22:09
Member 1033954520-Oct-13 22:09 
GeneralMy vote of 5 Pin
XAOCDOBRA6-Dec-12 3:31
XAOCDOBRA6-Dec-12 3:31 
Questionsomeone already found this bug Pin
Andres9012516-Apr-12 8:01
Andres9012516-Apr-12 8:01 
AnswerRe: someone already found this bug Pin
hesuruio3-Dec-14 5:41
hesuruio3-Dec-14 5:41 
QuestionAlways wrong with project "rrdtutorial1" in VS2008 Pin
zbc1236917-Oct-11 21:54
zbc1236917-Oct-11 21:54 
AnswerRe: Always wrong with project "rrdtutorial1" in VS2008 Pin
hesuruio3-Dec-14 5:43
hesuruio3-Dec-14 5:43 
QuestionVB.NET 2010 Express ERROR: failed to parse data source 600:Non Pin
Member 766308610-Feb-11 23:46
Member 766308610-Feb-11 23:46 
AnswerRe: VB.NET 2010 Express ERROR: failed to parse data source 600:Non Pin
Adel Khalil1-Jul-14 0:14
Adel Khalil1-Jul-14 0:14 
GeneralRe: VB.NET 2010 Express ERROR: failed to parse data source 600:Non Pin
Adel Khalil1-Jul-14 0:31
Adel Khalil1-Jul-14 0:31 
GeneralFxCop Pin
Daniel D.C.3-Oct-10 17:00
Daniel D.C.3-Oct-10 17:00 
QuestionAvoid Averaging in the Graph? Pin
GrossmeisterG3-Aug-10 3:45
GrossmeisterG3-Aug-10 3:45 
AnswerRe: Avoid Averaging in the Graph? Pin
Mike Corley4-Aug-10 8:29
Mike Corley4-Aug-10 8:29 
GeneralUpdate a specific data source within an RRD file Pin
Joss#8-Jun-10 9:50
Joss#8-Jun-10 9:50 
GeneralRe: Update a specific data source within an RRD file Pin
Mike Corley8-Jun-10 12:04
Mike Corley8-Jun-10 12:04 
GeneralRe: Update a specific data source within an RRD file Pin
Joss#8-Jun-10 17:28
Joss#8-Jun-10 17:28 
GeneralC# Failed To Parse DataSource.... Pin
motz198829-May-10 1:15
motz198829-May-10 1:15 
hi,

i just wanted to user NHawks to create some temperature graphs and so on...

but when i finally ported my bash script which i user on a wrt54gl in combination with rrdtool to my c# application, i got an exception by calling the RRD-Method "create(true)"; (Failed To Parse DataSource....)

after some time of debugging i found out that the conversion from undefined values to the datasource string included an error...

// --< serializes the data source to a string >--
        public override string ToString()
        {
            string local_min = (min.ToString().ToLower() != "nan") ? min.ToString() : "U";
            string local_max = (max.ToString().ToLower() != "nan") ? max.ToString() : "U";
        
            return "DS:" + name + ":" + DSType.ToString() + ":" + heartbeat + ":" + local_min + ":" + local_max;
        }


what i did ... changed the following lines:

string local_min = (min.ToString().ToLower() != "n. def.") ? min.ToString() : "U";
string local_max = (max.ToString().ToLower() != "n. def.") ? max.ToString() : "U";


cause undefined double values returns "n. def." after calling tostring method...

hf using that great tool Smile | :)
GeneralRe: C# Failed To Parse DataSource.... Pin
Mike Corley29-May-10 4:44
Mike Corley29-May-10 4:44 
GeneralRe: C# Failed To Parse DataSource.... Pin
motz198829-May-10 22:42
motz198829-May-10 22:42 
GeneralRe: C# Failed To Parse DataSource.... Pin
motz198829-May-10 23:04
motz198829-May-10 23:04 
GeneralVB.NET Pin
Nicohutse26-May-10 2:27
Nicohutse26-May-10 2:27 
GeneralRe: VB.NET Pin
Mike Corley26-May-10 4:09
Mike Corley26-May-10 4:09 
GeneralRe: VB.NET Pin
Nicohutse26-May-10 20:43
Nicohutse26-May-10 20:43 
QuestionColor & WPF Pin
heimdm21-Apr-10 8:52
heimdm21-Apr-10 8:52 
QuestionWhy not use librrd? Pin
DaveKolb10-Feb-10 11:46
DaveKolb10-Feb-10 11:46 

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